比特币 RGB 协议或是智能合约的终极形态？

Author's Introduction Although most people associate Bitcoin with money, it has another important use case that is not well known. Smart contract is the basis of building Bitcoin. It was first put forward by Nick Saab in. It is a computer protocol aimed at performing verification or execution. The essence of negotiation or execution of a contract is a contract rather than a code. Smart contract allows trusted transactions without a third party, which can realize automatic trust and automatic execution without the assistance of a central authority. Before discussing the protocol of Bitcoin and its potential role in smart contracts, it is worth mentioning that there are some disputes about the concept of smart contracts. The co-founder of Ethereum said in 2006 that he regretted calling the core function of Ethereum smart contracts, and thought that this term should be chosen with a more technical and prosaic name, such as persistent script, to more accurately reflect its holding. The essence of the continuous execution program reflects that even among the pioneers in the blockchain field, there are still different views on how to define and understand smart contracts. In this paper, we will uncover the world of bitcoin smart contracts and discuss how they have evolved into a huge ecosystem built on the network. What limits the development of smart contracts? The concept of blockchain impossible trinity was put forward by the founder of Ethereum, which means that the following three goals cannot be achieved simultaneously in the blockchain: decentralized security. Sex and scalability smart contracts also exist. impossible trinity decentralization scalability Turing completeness Bitcoin and Ethereum have many similarities, but because of long-term differences and restrictions, they have become two different blockchain networks. Bitcoin and Ethereum have long been difficult to break through Ethereum's low throughput and slow processing speed. This is because it gives priority to decentralization and security rather than scalability. It is precisely because of the three dilemmas of scalability. There is a bottleneck in the scalability of Ethereum. Even though it has Turing completeness, it is still difficult to call it the final form of smart contracts. How does Bitcoin overcome the scalability problem of smart contracts? The scalability on the bitcoin chain has always been a long-standing problem. To complete the smart contract scheme on bitcoin, either create it on the bitcoin main chain or create layered solutions such as protocols that have emerged in recent years to make bitcoin smart contracts. The function is realized by fast iteration to solve the scalability limitation of impossible trinity's blockchain. The scripting language of the smart contract Bitcoin on the main chain of Bitcoin in impossible trinity is too simple, which makes it difficult to deploy complex smart contracts on the basic layer. Since its birth, Bitcoin has been designed to be simple and relatively without modification to ensure the integrity and durability of the blockchain. Although the protocol upgrades will occur regularly, they do not mean completely changing the blockchain, but only providing slight improvement bits at the edge. The bottom layer of the currency still has many basic intelligent contract functions. Paying public key hash is a common contract used for bitcoin transactions. This script creates a contract executed by the public key and creates a signature by the corresponding private key. Multi-signature multi-signature is a bitcoin address that requires multiple parties to approve the transaction to complete the most commonly used agreement between the executing parties, in which a predefined number of signatures must be collected to release funds or perform some other operations. Hash time locking contract Hash time locking contract is a kind of contract. Conditional bitcoin transactions have time-limited surprises. These time limits are hard-coded and only released at specific times and dates or blocks. If some requirements in the contract are not met before the preset deadline, the transaction will be cancelled. The cautious journal contract uses Oracle machines to perform peer-to-peer transactions without trust. These Oracle machines can evaluate the results of real-world events and provide chain information for bitcoin smart contracts. When two related parties promise to reach a monetary agreement according to future results, it is most important. Pay-as-you-go is a script for sending bitcoin, which introduces trees and signatures. These transactions provide better security, lower transaction costs and greater flexibility. This form of contract has recently been implemented due to upgrades. Advantages of Bitcoin smart contracts. The uniqueness of Bitcoin layers is that they can introduce new functions to the network without any modification to the main chain, and can introduce innovation and other experimental development, which is the core of Bitcoin. You can always keep it simple and unaffected by the content built on it. All bitcoin layer transactions will eventually be settled on the bitcoin base layer, which means that the history of each transaction will be written into the ledger of bitcoin. The degree of verification is the difference between blockchain and any other network. To change the bitcoin layer transactions, you need to change the main chain transactions. The bitcoin smart contract executed hierarchically has some key advantages, and the hierarchical smart contract with stronger programmability is achieved by accessing its own global status. Overcoming the limited functions of Bitcoin scripting language, each layer can broaden the possibility of building content on Bitcoin, and the higher scalability means that the processing speed of transactions can be significantly accelerated by deploying smart contracts on scalable solutions. At present, the basic layer can only process about one transaction per second, while the layered solution can bundle the transactions before sending them to the main chain for final settlement, which greatly improves the throughput of Bitcoin and its scalability as an extensible network with millions of daily transactions. The feasibility is improved, the efficiency is improved, the scalability goes hand in hand with faster transactions and cheaper costs, and the shorter blocking time can speed up the confirmation, but compared with the main chain, the transaction cost of layered transactions is significantly reduced. In addition, layered transactions reduce the chaos at the basic layer and improve the performance of the whole network. On the other hand, after the completion of the isolation witness, the Bitcoin ecosystem is fully developing towards the lightning network side chain, and the complexity of the bitcoin expansion scheme is high, and it is more acceptable for the community to build a new one based on Bitcoin. Therefore, the imagination of bitcoin smart contract falls on Turing completeness. Why does the protocol or the ultimate form of smart contract break out as a form of bitcoin layered solution, which has great potential to realize large-scale application in the future? In bitcoin layered solution, the protocol and the only one can achieve scalability, Turing completeness and decentralization. The balance between them is an open source protocol. His bitcoin-based protocol is based on lightning network to implement smart contracts, which is based on bitcoin blockchain engineering. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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