暴富成暴负？教你识破Rug Pull
对于所有加密货币爱好者而言，Web3世界充满了机遇、挑战和危机。每天都有大量新的代币项目上线，似乎到处都是致富的机会，但实际上潜在的风险无处不在。土狗项目层出不穷，用户防不胜防。这种情况下，我们应该如何判断项目的可靠性，规避Rug Pull风险，守住我们的钱袋子呢？别急，本文将给你带来全面的Rug Pull判断方法论，让你最大程度避免资产损失。
基础工具使用
观察走势图并验证交易量
使用多链DEX加密分析工具——DEX Screener，通过观察代币走势图，我们可以注意到是否存在异常的买入和卖出比例，以规避土狗项目创造的虚假交易量。同样，对于新上线的代币，如果出现可疑的高交易量和单笔交易量，也应引起警惕。
https://dexscreener.com/
检查交易记录
DEX Screener等工具可以列出所有的交易记录，我们可以简单地查看所有买入和卖出操作的地址。如果发现同一个地址频繁进行操作(如下图所示)，这也是一个非常可疑的信号。
使用Honeypot和代币风险监测功能
包括DEX Screener 和 Advantis.AI 在内的平台，会提供 Honeypot 检测和一些基础的代币风险项检测功能，同样可以辅助用户进行判断投资风险。如图，当用户对某一Token进行检索时，平台会自动给出该Token的风险等级，用户可以根据风险等级来判断是否需要及时撤出资金。
https://advantis.ai/
使用MetaSleuth检测Rug Pull
检测部署者资金来源
对于一个代币而言，除了代币本身的合约地址和交易对地址外，部署者（Deployer）地址也非常重要。通过观察这个地址在区块链上的资金关系，我们可以更好地评估一个项目的风险情况。
要找到部署者地址，可以直接在 MetaSleuth (https://metasleuth.io) 中输入代币的合约地址。在生成的资金流图中，查找合约创建边——'contract creation'。该边所在的交易即为该代币合约的创建交易，而交易的发起者即为部署者。随后，可以进一步分析部署者的资金来源。
合约创建关系示例
为了有效规避风险，用户可以注意以下常见的部署者资金来源，这些来源可能带来高风险情况：
资金来自混币服务或无 KYC 的闪兑服务（如Fixedfloat）。这是恶意代币部署者为了避免被追踪到真实身份而选择的一种方式。
资金携带其他非法来源。下图展示了一个Rug Pull网络，其中显示的所有代币在很短的时间内发生了Rug Pull。骗子利用上次Rug Pull后的获利资金转移到下一个地址，然后由该地址部署新的代币并诱骗新的受害者。
https://metasleuth.io/result/bsc/0xde621749c3d39250d4a454fafbbeb18cabd824f5?source=64681083-27e7-4b42-a816-db6c0f9869f3
检测流动性来源
诈骗项目方非常熟练地制造虚假流动性，如下图所示。他们将之前获得的利润资金分散到许多不同的地址中，这些地址只进行了购买代币的操作，同时还有一些地址负责卖出代币的任务。这些虚假构建的流动性诱使受害者误以为该代币非常受欢迎，然而他们并不知道一旦投资进去就会被欺骗。
https://metasleuth.io/result/bsc/0x4b854d6fc84bd5343a4ce68652564aaf750e0c65?source=b50ccfcd-f5c9-4d49-8138-1d9c40181aaf
关注Top Holder
下图所示是一个代币的Top Holder列表，排名第二的持有者的持有量与流动性池几乎相当，这意味着该持有者有能力随时将资金从池中全部提取。
通过在MetaSleuth中进一步追踪该地址的资金来源，我们可以发现该地址就是该代币的部署者，在合约创建时为自己铸造了大量代币。这种项目存在着极高的风险。
总结
在投资前，用户应该进行适当的尽职调查（DYOR），利用成熟的分析平台（如DEX Screener）和 MetaSleuth 这类资金追踪平台来辅助投资决策，以最大限度地规避风险。观察走势图并验证交易量，检查交易记录是常用的方法之一。此外，通过MetaSleuth等工具追踪部署者的资金来源和流动性来源也是规避风险的有效途径。确保代币项目的真实性和可靠性，可以帮助加密货币爱好者作出更明智的投资决策，从而在Web3世界中获得更好的回报并降低风险。
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