拆解ZetaChain:为何说2024是“链抽象”赛道发展大年?

币圈资讯 阅读:39 2024-04-22 10:15:06 评论:0
美化布局示例

欧易(OKX)最新版本

【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   全球官网 大陆官网

币安(Binance)最新版本

币安交易所app【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   官网地址

火币HTX最新版本

火币老牌交易所【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   官网地址

作者:郝天;来源:链上观

最近,跨链互操作性L1公链@zetachain发布空投引发了市场对于“链抽象”赛道的关注。什么是链抽象,全链互操作性的难点在哪里,zetachain的核心特征有哪些?在我看来,如果模块化是一种“合纵”策略,那么链抽象则是一种“连横”,是2024必须关注的重点赛道之一。Why,接下来,我谈下我的理解:

无论合纵还是连横,都是一种“结盟”策略,模块化是把闲散的区块链开发能力以modular组件的形式组合以对抗monolithic的综合大公链,而链抽象则是把分散于链间的流动性以interoperablity整合的形式串联起来以增强开发者和用户的使用体验。

什么是链抽象?Near联合创始人抛出了“链抽象”的概念,简单理解:模块化把区块链不同功能层分离成结算层、DA层、执行层、Rollup层等等,这大大刺激了链构建市场的繁荣,但于此同时会使得链之间流动性、应用、用户等更加分散,给普通用户甚至开发者都带来了巨大的门槛。

链抽象就是通过构建通用全能智能合约来解决不同链之间的跨链通信、资产资产转移、以及跨链智能合约调用等interoperability问题。

常见的全链互操作性问题主要有两种:

1)非同类智能合约链之间的通信问题,比如,如何让Bitcoin这类UTXO非智能合约平台和Ethereum这类账户智能合约类平台建立有效的通信连接?

2)跨链资产的非Wrap方法转移问题,Wrap方法是常见的跨链桥解决方案,但这类方案的手续费等摩擦存在极大的资金损耗问题且通常还伴有较大的资产多签管理中心化风险。

那么,zetachain能否解决这两个问题,又是如何解决的呢?

zetachain是建立在Cosmos SDK和 Tendermint PBFT共识引擎上的权益证明区块链,可以把它当成一种实现互操作性的应用特定区块链框架,通俗来说就是“链中链”,采用了一种“blockchain of blockchains”(BOB)的方法,由特定链嵌入进全链环境中来提供数据、网络、共识、激励和合约层的框架,以实现区块链之间的互操作性。

zetachain的核心架构主要分为:验证者,观察者,和签名者。

验证者可通过质押ZETA代币来验证维护链的共识,比如观察者提交的他链状态转移需要经由验证者投票确定,验证者因此可获得一定代币激励;观察者的职责是监测外部链的全节点来同步特定的交易日志、转移事件和状态等信息,并将信息同步给确定共识的验证者;签名者主要负责对外部链进行身份确认,在涉及资产流通的请求时,签名者可以参与进资产签署以确保资产安全跨链互通。

基于这些基础框架,Zetachain可以有效解决上述全链互操作性问题:

1)在涉及EVM链和UTXO模型链之间的资产流通时,由于比特币网络没有智能合约,唯一有效的方式是部署轻节点并基于ECDSA签名算法进行MPC多方签名操作,由于ZetaChain可以持有TSS私钥和地址,因此可以实现用Zetachain上的智能合约连接管理比特币网络的本地的资产。整个过程中ZetaChain的观察者要对比特币上的UTXO进行有效追踪和管理,核心逻辑是把比特币作为资产结算层通过多签名算法来实现资产的有效控制和流通;

2)目前常见的跨链桥方案都是A链锁仓资产,B链增发资产的逻辑,这种交互前提不仅会锁住单链的流动性,还会在Wrap封装的过程中产生资产损耗,在涉及DeFi有关的应用场景时常常会因其资产损耗而饱受诟病。针对此,ZetaChain构建了全链Ominichain智能合约,创建了ZRC20代币标准。这使得ZetaChain的全链资产流通可基于非Wrap状态。通俗理解:Zetachain在全链环境下相当于链中链结算层,A链发起向B链资产转账,相当于A链先和Zetachain进行“结算”,然后结算状态同步到B链,B链会获得该对应ZRC20代币的使用权限,整个过程中不存在Wrap资产损耗和摩擦。

3)基于智能合约管理的原子交易特性实现外链使用原生资产。比如可以基于此特性实现跨链AMM去中心化交易所,每个链上的资产都先与ZETA进行配对,若要在A链上的资产X与B链上的资产Y进行交换,可一先用A链上的资金池将X兑换成ZETA,然后在将A链上ZETA跨链信息传递至B,再将B链上的ZETA通过Y/ZETA交易对转化成Y。这和 不同链各自交易然后再跨链再交易的差别会很大,直接减少了交易滑点磨损和跨链损耗,对于DeFi协议的跨链部署和应用大有裨益。

以上

透过对ZetaChain的技术解析,大家或多或少能感知到“链抽象”对于目前区块链生态的意义,对B端开发者而言可以降低跨链部署各类协议的成本,能够在全链环境下管理流动性,既统一了市场管理又降低了安全风险曝光面,尤其是在模块化组合拼装的多链时代,全链交互可操作性方案会成为一个必要补充;对C端用户而言,链抽象会把用户和各类后端协议的关系简化成用户和DApp应用,甚至用户直接和钱包交互就可以达成一个全链交互体验,钱包作为用户复杂意图intent的solver处理中心即可。


Author Hao Tian's view on the source chain: Recently, the release of airdrops by public chains on cross-chain interoperability has aroused the market's concern about the chain abstract track. What is the difficulty of chain abstraction and full-chain interoperability? What are the core features? In my opinion, if modularity is a vertical strategy, then chain abstraction is one of the key tracks that Lian Heng must pay attention to. Next, I will talk about my understanding that both vertical and Lian Heng are an alliance strategy. Modularization is to group idle blockchain development capabilities in the form of components. The comprehensive grand chain of cooperation and confrontation, while the chain abstraction is to connect the liquidity scattered among the chains in an integrated form to enhance the use experience of developers and users. What is the chain abstraction? The co-founders throw out the concept of chain abstraction, simply understand modularity, and separate different functional layers of blockchain into settlement layers and execution layers, which greatly stimulates the prosperity of the chain construction market, but at the same time, it will make the liquidity between the chains more dispersed, bringing great benefits to ordinary users and even developers. The big threshold chain abstraction is to solve the problems of cross-chain communication assets transfer and cross-chain intelligent contract call between different chains by constructing universal all-round intelligent contracts. The common interoperability problems of the whole chain mainly include the communication problems between two different types of intelligent contract chains, such as how to establish effective communication connection between this kind of non-intelligent contract platform and this kind of account intelligent contract platform. The non-method transfer problem of cross-chain assets is a common cross-chain bridge solution, but the hand of this kind of scheme is Friction such as renewal fee has a great problem of capital loss, and it is usually accompanied by a greater risk of centralized management of multi-signing of assets. So, can these two problems be solved and how can they be solved? Blockchain can be regarded as an application to achieve interoperability based on the equity certificate of consensus engine. Generally speaking, the specific blockchain framework is that the chain in the chain adopts a new method to embed the specific chain into the whole chain environment to provide the framework of consensus incentive and contract layer of data network to realize the blockchain. The core architecture of interoperability between the two is mainly divided into verifier, observer and signer. The verifier can verify the consensus of maintaining the chain by pledging tokens. For example, the state transfer of the other chain submitted by the observer needs to be confirmed by the verifier's vote, so the verifier can get a certain token. The observer's responsibility is to monitor all nodes of the external chain to synchronize the specific transaction log transfer events and state information and synchronize the information to the verifier who confirms the consensus. The signer is mainly responsible for identity confirmation of the external chain. The signer can participate in asset signing to ensure asset security and cross-chain interoperability. Based on these basic frameworks, the above-mentioned full-chain interoperability problem can be effectively solved. When it comes to asset circulation between chain and model chain, because there is no smart contract in Bitcoin network, the only effective way is to deploy light nodes and conduct multi-party signature operation based on signature algorithm. Because you can hold private keys and addresses, you can realize the local management of Bitcoin network with smart contract connection. Observers in the whole process of assets should effectively track and manage bitcoin. The core logic is to use bitcoin as an asset settlement layer to realize the effective control and circulation of assets through multi-signature algorithm. At present, the common cross-chain bridge scheme is the logic of chain locking and asset chain issuing assets. This interactive premise will not only lock the liquidity of a single chain, but also produce asset loss in the packaging process. In related application scenarios, it is often criticized for its asset loss. The whole chain intelligent contract has created the token standard, which makes the whole chain asset circulation based on non-state popular understanding. In the whole chain environment, it is equivalent to the chain settlement layer chain initiating the transfer to the chain assets, which is equivalent to the chain first and then settling, and then the settlement state is synchronized to the chain chain to obtain the right to use the corresponding token. There is no asset loss and friction in the whole process. Based on the atomic trading characteristics of intelligent contract management, the external chain can use the original assets. For example, cross-chain decentralized transactions can be realized based on this characteristic. All the assets on each chain are paired with each other first. If the assets on the chain are to be exchanged with the assets on the chain, the capital pool on the chain can be used to convert them into, and then the cross-chain information on the chain can be transferred to, and then the difference between the through-transaction pairs on the chain and the different chains can be greatly reduced, which directly reduces the slip point wear and cross-chain loss, which is of great benefit to the cross-chain deployment and application of the agreement. For the current significance of blockchain ecology, it can reduce the cost of deploying various protocols across the chain for end developers, and manage liquidity in the full-chain environment, which not only unifies market management but also reduces the exposure of security risks, especially in the multi-chain era of modular assembly. The full-chain interactive operability scheme will become a necessary supplement for end users, and the chain abstraction will simplify the relationship between users and various back-end protocols to users and applications, and even users can directly interact with wallets to achieve a full-chain interactive experience wallet as the processing center of users' complex intentions. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

文字格式和图片示例

注册有任何问题请添加 微信:MVIP619 拉你进入群

弹窗与图片大小一致 文章转载注明 网址:https://netpsp.com/?id=61199

美化布局示例

欧易(OKX)最新版本

【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   全球官网 大陆官网

币安(Binance)最新版本

币安交易所app【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   官网地址

火币HTX最新版本

火币老牌交易所【遇到注册下载问题请加文章最下面的客服微信】永久享受返佣20%手续费!

APP下载   官网地址
可以去百度分享获取分享代码输入这里。
声明

1.本站遵循行业规范,任何转载的稿件都会明确标注作者和来源;2.本站的原创文章,请转载时务必注明文章作者和来源,不尊重原创的行为我们将追究责任;3.作者投稿可能会经我们编辑修改或补充。

发表评论
平台列表
美化布局示例

欧易(OKX)

  全球官网 大陆官网

币安(Binance)

  官网

火币(HTX)

  官网

Gate.io

  官网

Bitget

  官网

deepcoin

  官网
关注我们

若遇到问题,加微信客服---清歌

搜索
排行榜
扫一扫,加我为微信好友加我为微信好友