Ethena:超越传统稳定币的金融创新

币圈资讯 阅读:32 2024-04-22 07:28:15 评论:0
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作者:Bobby;来源:前序观察

2024年4月2日,Ethena在币安上线并表现出色,引起了加密货币市场的广泛关注。其中,作为早期投资人的Arthur Hayes在社交媒体上为其加油助威,进一步凸显了其在市场中的潜在影响力。

对于普通投资者而言,他们关注的是币价的表现。作为一个行业从业者,我更倾向于探索Ethena背后的价值及其对行业的实际影响。在众多对Ethena的分析中,一些文章存在明显的主观偏见或在翻译过程中失去了原有的精确性。因此,我尝试给提供一个更加平衡和详细的视角。当然,因为我不是金融从业者,在某些金融术语上如果不够严谨还请大家见谅。

初步印象

最初接触Ethena的时候,我对其持一定的保留态度。尤其是看到超过30%的Staking Yield收益时,总有一种Luna重现的感觉。但随着深入研究,我发现Ethena是一个很有趣的产品,它虽然不完美,但底层逻辑与当代社会的发展趋势有契合之处。

Ethena简介

Ethena是一种结构化票据(Structured Notes),既持有stETH的多头仓位(从而间接持有ETH的多头仓位),又在主要的中心化交易所通过永续合约做空ETH。这种对冲策略使得Ethena的价格(对美元)相对稳定。

对用户而言,这意味着在ETH价格上涨时,他们可以从三个方面获得收益:stETH的质押收益、ETH价格上涨带来的收益,以及永续合约做空获得的费率收益。与此同时生成的USDe可以用来参与其他各种交易。然而,在ETH价格下跌时,整体收益可能会降低,甚至变为负值。为此,Ethena团队购买了保险以应对极端情况,尽管如此,在ETH大幅下跌时,仍存在风险——做空的费率成本可能急剧增加,甚至出现没有足够的对手盘,直至进入死亡螺旋的情况。

与UST的对比

很多人提到Ethena的第一反应就是“下一个UST”。

Ethena的底层资产为ETH,而UST的底层资产为Luna。尽管某些人声称二者有根本的不同,实际上,两者的主要区别在于底层资产的选择。Ethena依托于ETH的广泛共识,相较之下,ETH的稳定性比Luna可靠得多。

Ethena到底是不是稳定币

将Ethena叫做“稳定币”更像是一种营销策略。实际上,它应被视为一种金融工程产品,其波动性相对于单纯的ETH对美元波动更小。但将其定义为“稳定币”的争论并不具有实质性意义,毕竟,所有现有的“稳定性”概念都是相对于美元而言的。美元的稳定本就是一个相对的概念。

Ethena有哪些(主要)风险

跟所有金融产品一样,Ethena面临着多种风险,除了前面提到的“死亡螺旋”,其他风险主要来自两个方面:

第一,交易所的稳定性不及银行。中心化虚拟货币交易所相比于银行确实是一种新兴事物,所以对于它们稳定性的担忧是有道理的。但是近年来SVB、Signature、还有Silvergate的倒闭事件表明,银行也并非万无一失。

第二,Ethena的总供给量有上限,受制于中心化交易所Eth永续合约空投的总量。这一点是确实存在的。解决这个问题无外乎两种可能。首先是Eth总市值的增长。其次是寻求一种“盘子”更大的底层资产,据说Ethena团队已经在开始围绕比特币设计迭代版本。

值得一提的是,结构化票据的设计方式可以多种多样。Ethena火了之后相信会有更多的类似产品出现。只要对产品设计中的一些参数进行调整,风险和收益的数值就会发生变化。

我为什么喜欢Ethena

我对Ethena的喜爱源于其试图建立一种透明的脱离美元标准的“共识稳定”机制。

首先是透明。由于Ethena的质押和发行都是在链上进行(只有在中心化交易所的空投不在链上),因此它的发行相对于Tether或者Circle都更加透明。Tether的审计一直被业界诟病。Circle虽然更自律,并且有四大会计事务所对其进行每月两次的审计,但相比于“时时刻刻”都透明的链上数据,还是有一定差距。

更重要的是,Ethena向大家展示了一种可能性——在某些场景下,人们不一定需要以美元为锚定基准,而是需要一个新的“相对稳定”且“易于理解”的共识基础。比特币的发展已证明,寻求脱离美元霸权的金融产品具有其存在的必要性和市场需求。随着技术的发展,未来会有很多应用场景并不一定需要与美元完全锚定(比如AI与算力之间的天然锚定)。展望未来Ethena作为一个金融产品,虽然不完美,但它开启了一个新路径——借助新的底层资产,建立相对稳定的金融工程产品。这是一种探索在美元之外建立稳定性的新视角。


The author's preface to the observation of the launch of the currency security on March and has caused widespread concern in the cryptocurrency market. As an early investor, cheering for it on social media further highlights its potential influence in the market. For ordinary investors, they are concerned about the performance of the currency price. As an industry practitioner, I am more inclined to explore the value behind it and its actual impact on the industry. In many pairs of analysis, some articles have obvious subjective bias or have been translated. I lost my original accuracy in the process, so I tried to provide a more balanced and detailed perspective. Of course, because I am not a financial practitioner, please forgive me if I am not rigorous in some financial terms. At first, I had some reservations about the initial impression, especially when I saw the excess income, but with in-depth research, I found that it is a very interesting product. Although it is not perfect, the underlying logic is in line with the development trend of contemporary society. Intermediary is a kind of structured bill, which holds both long positions indirectly and short positions through perpetual contracts in major centralized exchanges. This hedging strategy makes the price relatively stable against the US dollar. For users, this means that they can get benefits from three aspects when the price rises, the income from pledge when the price rises and the rate income from shorting perpetual contracts. At the same time, it can be used to participate in other transactions, but when the price falls, the whole. The income may decrease or even become negative, so the team has bought insurance to cope with extreme situations. However, there are still risks when it falls sharply. The cost of shorting may increase sharply, or even there may be a situation where there are not enough opponents until it enters a spiral of death. The first reaction mentioned by many people is that the next underlying asset is the underlying asset, although some people claim that the two are fundamentally different. In fact, the main difference between the two is that the choice of the underlying asset depends on the wide range. Pan-consensus is much more stable than reliable. Whether a stable currency will be called a stable currency is more like a marketing strategy. In fact, it should be regarded as a financial engineering product, and its volatility is smaller than that of a simple dollar, but the debate on defining it as a stable currency is not of substantive significance. After all, all existing concepts of stability are relative to the dollar. The stability of the dollar is a relative concept. What are the main risks facing all financial products? In addition to the death spiral mentioned above, other risks mainly come from two aspects. First, the stability of the exchange is not as good as that of the centralized bank. Compared with banks, the virtual currency exchange is indeed a new thing, so it is reasonable to worry about their stability. However, there have been some bankruptcies in recent years, which show that banks are not foolproof. Second, the upper limit of the total supply is limited by the total amount of perpetual contracts airdropped by the centralized exchange. This is indeed true. There are only two ways to solve this problem. It is said that the team has started to design iterative versions around Bitcoin. It is worth mentioning that after the design of structured bills can be diversified, I believe that more similar products will appear. As long as some parameters in product design are adjusted, the values of risks and benefits will change. Why do I like it stems from its attempt to establish a transparent consensus stabilizer that is out of the dollar standard? First of all, the system is transparent, because the pledge and issuance are all carried out on the chain, and only the airdrops on the centralized exchange are not on the chain, so its issuance has been criticized by the industry for being more transparent than or even more transparent. Although it is more self-disciplined and audited twice a month by four major accounting firms, there is still a certain gap compared with the online data that is transparent all the time. More importantly, it shows you a possibility that in some scenarios, people do not necessarily need to use the US dollar as the anchor benchmark. Need a new relatively stable and easy-to-understand consensus foundation. The development of Bitcoin has proved that financial products seeking to get rid of the hegemony of the US dollar have its necessity and market demand. With the development of technology, there will be many application scenarios in the future that do not necessarily need to be completely anchored with the US dollar, such as natural anchoring with computing power. Looking forward to the future, as a financial product, although it is not perfect, it has opened a new path to establish relatively stable financial engineering products with the help of new underlying assets. This is a new perspective to explore the establishment of stability outside the US dollar. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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