Web3 中的 ZKP：现在和未来

The abbreviation of zero-knowledge technology compiled by the author is a technology that can not only change other industries, but also has many application cases, and we are in the early stage of exploring the application of this technology. Some obvious cases have found practical applications, such as realizing privacy transactions and data compression, that is, of course, if we want to be adopted by the mainstream, it needs more potential application cases and the support of technological progress. In this paper, we will first review the different applications, and then we will We will discuss the development direction of this technology in the next stage and some entrepreneurial ideas that can benefit from this technology. We encourage the builders based on these ideas to contact or apply to join the founder community, and are willing to support and fund the founder's construction in this direction. The application of panorama and zero knowledge proves that the following abbreviation has occupied an important position in the cryptocurrency industry since its invention, which really excites this technology like magic. From a high level, it allows an entity to The mathematical magic that others prove that they know a certain piece of information or have performed a certain task correctly allows us to trust the execution of this information or task by checking the information generated. Therefore, the first case that most conforms to the application is the encryption network zero-knowledge proof which focuses on privacy. It has also been used to prove the validity of the transaction in the Ethereum, and the concept has been introduced. In addition, other specific applications have been found in different projects. Private-centered payment schemes and protocols can naturally realize privacy, especially in a decentralized network that lacks a central organization as the source of truth, allowing users, that is, certifiers, to prove to network verifiers that their transactions are valid, that is, they have enough balance to use without revealing transaction details, such as the address of the sender or receiver of the transaction, which was originally developed to support private payment in the network and then extended to private payment networks that have been deployed in other networks. Network includes privacy-centered and privacy-centered verification of smart contracts on general chain. Another main application is the validity verification generated at the bottom. General has optimized the throughput, that is, it only proves the correctness of transaction execution in this trade-off. It is difficult to generate some general functions that cannot be effectively proved to prove the correct execution of any smart contract. To solve this problem, it is necessary to realize special virtual. These virtual machines can be efficiently proved by the low-level zero-knowledge circuit. In view of their complexity, they initially only support payment or a single application, such as decentralized exchange, where they can be simply generated. Examples here include the common realization that began to appear in the aftermarket, including and all of them are currently in the Ethereum, but they can also be realized on other chains. However, the implementation of Bitcoin will need to change the operation code and hard fork chain of Bitcoin, which is often not affected by Bitcoin society. Other zero-knowledge proof applications have been applied in other blockchain protocols besides privacy-centered applications. This part will introduce these applications to compress the blockchain state to a small size. In order to achieve this, recursive zero-knowledge proof, that is, zero-knowledge proof of other zero-knowledge proofs, is used to generate the proof of a block in the network to ensure its effectiveness, because the new block refers to the zero knowledge of the previous block. Proof verifies that all previous blocks are used at a constant size to ensure that storage providers correctly store their stored data. This process is called copy proof. In this process, storage providers generate copies to prove that they are storing the only copy of data, that is, they do not refer to the copy maintained by another provider, which provides protection for users who want to achieve a certain degree of redundancy and availability. In addition, because the size of the certificate is much smaller than the stored data, the use can reduce the storage providers. The bandwidth requirement of is used to create an ultra-light network client that can be used on mobile phones and other devices with limited resources. Although the client is very lightweight, it can guarantee the accuracy of its access status. It is one of the most popular applications in the game field. Although it is used in a privacy-compliant use case, it is still a unique case that transcends the financial application in the payment network and its application development track, and it was only discussed in a small academic circle until. Research topic All these changes began when the founding team created the first productive implementation of the variant to support the privacy transaction in the network. With the emergence of real use cases, more attention was paid to the better variant, which became the basis of many projects discussed in the first part. However, in order to make this technology be adopted by the mainstream, it is necessary to further develop zero-knowledge proof. In many aspects, zero-knowledge proof technology is similar to artificial intelligence technology and is expected to embark on a similar development track, just like artificial intelligence. At first, intelligence was considered as a promising technology to solve many problems. However, the original artificial intelligence algorithm was limited in function, and the computational complexity far exceeded the ability of available hardware, which made the application of artificial intelligence slow and unrealistic, and made artificial intelligence mainly confined to research laboratories. By inventing new architectures such as deep neural networks and using graphics processing units to improve the execution speed, it gradually improved, which eventually led to a breakthrough in the most famous computer vision competition in. Winning with a huge advantage marks the beginning of the era of artificial intelligence, leading the amazing application of artificial intelligence. For example, today's zero-knowledge proof technology is similar to the state of early artificial intelligence, which is a promising technology but still under active development. Because of the intensive calculation, it takes a long time to prove. By learning from the progress of artificial intelligence, we can find out the bottleneck that needs to be solved to promote the development of zero-knowledge proof technology. The improvement of algorithm circuit is the same as that of artificial intelligence from beginning to end The algorithm will also go through a similar development stage, so as to achieve a significant improvement in performance. We have already seen the progress in this respect. Since its introduction in, the founder of has developed a more advanced algorithm, which is a method that does not need trusted settings to prove that the generation time is shorter. This technology is the basis of many products included. With the introduction in, further progress is made as an implementation, which allows multiple applications to use a single trusted setting without repeated settings, and promotes the development of multiple implementations. One of the main limitations of these implementations being used in multiple protocols, such as and optimized execution engines, is computational complexity. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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