DeThings专访刘红林律师，香港虚拟货币交易所“清而不退”？

实际上，尽管全球各地的监管部门针对加密货币交易平台出台各类规则、政策，并且对于不符合要求的加密交易所有所限制和取缔，但依然会有加密交易平台“偷偷”为相关地区用户提供非法金融功能，比如中国大陆用户仍可以通过VPN等手段登录海外交易所，完成KYC并进行虚拟货币交易。因此，此次香港证监会的举措是否能够促成香港地区的加密交易合规？显然，“清而不退”依然会存在。

In fact, despite regulations, policies and restrictions imposed by regulators around the globe on encrypted currency trading platforms and the banning of non-compliant encrypted exchanges, there will still be encrypted trading platforms “sneaking” to provide illegal financial functions to users in the region concerned, such as the ability of users in mainland China to access overseas exchanges, complete KYC and conduct virtual currency transactions through means such as VPN. So, can the CSRC initiative lead to encryption compliance in Hong Kong?

针对该现象，曼昆律师事务所主任刘红林律师受邀参与Web3.0专业新闻媒体DeThings的专访，从一个资深Web3.0玩家及区块链律师的角度，发表深度看法。以下是采访核心内容。

In response to this phenomenon, Mr. Liu Honglin, Director of Mankun's law firm, was invited to participate in a special interview with the Web 3.0 professional press, DeThings, to make an in-depth presentation from the perspective of a senior Web3.0 player and block chain lawyer. The following is the core of the interview.

对于过渡期结束，香港证监会要求非持牌加密交易所逐步完成清退的规定，曼昆律师事务所刘红林律师认为，此举意味着“没拿牌，就出局”，不仅如此，“出局后”即便持有他国合规牌照，继续为香港加密用户提供离岸虚拟交易依旧系违法行为。根据中国香港《打击洗钱条例》，任何向香港公众主动推销服务的行为都将被视为提供虚拟资产服务，无论服务提供地点或服务提供方是否在香港。特定国家和地区发行的合规牌照适用的是其所在国的法律，在他国持牌并不等同于可以在全球范围内进行展业，因此虚拟货币交易所仅持有他国合格牌照，仍旧不能面向中国内地或者中国香港开展虚拟货币交易所业务。

At the end of the transition period, the Hong Kong Censorship Commission (HAC) requires a non-licensed cryptographic exchange to gradually complete the clean-up rule , which, according to lawyers Liu Honglin of ManQuin's law firm, means “take no card, and get out of the game.” Moreover, it is unlawful to continue to provide Hong Kong with offshore virtual transactions for encrypted users “after exit” even if they hold another country's compliance license plates. Under the Hong Kong Anti-Money Laundering Regulations of China, any proactive marketing of services to the Hong Kong public will be regarded as providing virtual asset services , regardless of whether or not the service provider is in Hong Kong.

2024年6月1日后，所有在香港营运的虚拟资产交易平台需获证监会发牌或属于“被当作获发牌”的虚拟资产交易平台申请者，否则在香港营运将属刑事罪行。曼昆律师事务所刘红林律师指出，若经循公诉程序定罪，可处罚款500万港元及7年监禁，如属持续的罪行，则可就罪行持续期间的每一日，另处罚款10万港元。若经循简易程序定罪，可处罚款500万港元及2年监禁，如属持续的罪行，则可就罪行持续期间的每一日，另处罚款1万港元。如不遵守法定的AML/CTF规定，持牌服务商及其负责人员即属犯罪，一经公诉罪名成立，每人可处罚款100万港元及2年监禁。除刑事责任之外，他们还会受到SFC的纪律处分，包括暂停或撤销牌照、谴责、责令采取补救行动及罚款。

After 1 June 2024, all virtual asset trading platforms operating in Hong Kong are required to be licensed by the Commission or by applicants belonging to the virtual asset trading platform >, or to operate in Hong Kong as a criminal offence if they are convicted under a public prosecution procedure. Counsel for the ManQueen's Law Office, Liu Honglin, states that if they are convicted of a criminal offence, they are liable to a fine of HK$5 million and a fine of HK$100,000 and a fine of HK$1 million for each day of the offence. If they are convicted by summary procedure, they are liable to a fine of HK$5 million and a term of imprisonment of two years, and if they are convicted of a continuing offence, a fine of HK$10,000 will be imposed for each day of the offence.

本次申请失败或者撤回申请的加密交易能否选择更换主体再次申请，曼昆律师事务所刘红林律师认为，从现有媒体消息来看，再次申牌的交易所没有办法使用目前与离岸交易所类似的品牌进行申请。主要原因应该是为了避免公众对交易所是否合规持牌产生混淆。而那些“退而不清”的加密交易所，最好不要抱有侥幸心理，接受监管才是最好的途径。

Whether an encrypted transaction that failed or withdrew the application could choose to reapply the subject(span) . According to counsel Liu Honglin of ManQuin's law firm, it is not possible, from the available media sources, for a re-discarded exchange to apply using a brand that is currently similar to an offshore exchange. The main reason should be to avoid public confusion about the exchange's compliance.

针对离岸加密交易所向中国大陆居民提供服务的问题，曼昆律师事务所刘红林律师再次强调，按照中国现有监管政策，虚拟货币交易所是不能在中国经营、也不能面向中国公民来经营。2021 年 9 月 15 日，十部委发布《关于进一步防范和处置虚拟货币交易炒作风险的通知》（银发 [2021] 237 号），明确境外虚拟货币交易所通过互联网向我国境内居民提供服务同样属于非法金融活动。对于相关境外虚拟货币交易所的境内工作人员，以及明知或应知其从事虚拟货币相关业务，仍为其提供营销宣传、支付结算、技术支持等服务的法人、非法人组织和自然人，依法追究有关责任。

On September 15, 2021, ten ministries issued the Circular on the Further Prevention and Disposal of Risks of Virtual Currency Transactions (Sinvester [2021] 237), which makes it clear that the services provided by the offshore virtual currency exchange to residents of mainland China via the Internet are also illegal financial activities. Staff members of the relevant offshore virtual currency exchange, as well as legal, illegal and natural persons who know or should know that they are engaged in virtual currency-related operations, continue to be held liable under the law for marketing promotion, payment of settlements, technical support, etc.

对于为境外交易所的境内服务商（如第三方技术外包、媒体公关、银行结算），由于服务对象的业务属于非法金融活动，故服务商可能被依法追究有关责任，情节严重的，可能涉嫌共同犯罪，或单独的帮信罪等。

may be held liable under the law for domestic service providers for offshore exchanges (e.g. third-party technology outsourcing, media public relations, bank settlements), because the client's business is illegal financial activity, in serious circumstances, and may be suspected of co-offending or individual conspiracy offences, etc.