区块链的四大核心技术是什么

点对点分布式技术(P2P)

Point-to-point distribution technology (P2P)

点对点技术(peer-to-peer，简称P2P)也称为对等互联网技术，依赖于网络参加者的计算能力和带宽，不是将依赖集中在少数服务器上。P2P技术优势明显。点对点网络的分布特性，通过多节点复制数据，也增加了防止故障的可靠性，在纯P2P网络中，节点不需要通过中心索引服务器发现数据。在后一种情况下，系统不会有单点崩溃。

Point-to-point technology (peer-to-peer, P2P) is also referred to as peer-to-peer Internet technology, relying on the computing capabilities and bandwidth of network participants, rather than concentrating on a few servers. P2P technology has a clear advantage. The distribution of the point-to-point network, which replicates data through multiple nodes, also increases the reliability of failure prevention. In a pure P2P network, nodes do not need to find data via a central index server. In the latter case, there will be no single collapse of the system.

非对称加密技术

Asymmetric encryption technology

非对称加密(公钥加密)是指在加密和解密两个过程中使用不同的密钥。在这种加密技术中，每个用户都有一对钥匙:公共钥匙和私人钥匙。加密过程中使用公钥，解密过程中使用私钥。公钥可以在网上公开，但私钥需要用户自己保存。这解决了对称加密中密钥共享的安全危险。非对称加密与对称加密相比，安全性更好:对称加密的通信双方使用相同的密钥，如果一方的密钥泄露，整个通信将被破解。而对称加密使用一对密钥，一对密钥，一对密钥，另一对密钥公开，密钥自己保存，不需要像对称加密那样在通信前同步密钥。

Asymmetric encryption (public key encryption) refers to the use of different keys in both encryption and encryption processes. In this encryption technique, each user has a pair of keys: public and private keys. Public keys are used in encryption and private keys are used in decrypting. Public keys can be made available online, but private keys need to be saved by the user itself. This solves the security risk of sharing keys in symmetric encryption. Asymmetric encryption is better secure than symmetric encryption: both parties to a symmetric encryption use the same key, and if one party's key leaks, the entire communication will be broken. For encryption, one key is used, one key is used, one key is used, the other key is made public, the key is saved by the user and the key does not need to synchronize the key before the communication, as is symmetric encryption.

哈希算法

Hashi Algorithm

哈希算法也称为散列算法，是将任意长度的二进制值反映为短的固定长度的二进制值，这个小的二进制值称为哈希值。其原理其实很简单，就是把交易信息转换成固定长度的文字串。

The Hashi algorithm, also known as the hash algorithm, is the binary value that reflects the binary value of any length as a short fixed length, a small binary value called the Hashi value. The rationale is simple, that is, the text string that converts transaction information into a fixed length.

共识机制

Consensus mechanism

加密货币多采用集中化块链设计，节点各处分散平行，必须设计系统，维持系统运行顺序和公平性，统一块链版本，鼓励提供资源维持块链的用户，惩罚恶意危害者。这样的制度，必须用某种方法证明谁获得了块链的包装权(也称为会计权)，并且可以获得包装这个块的报酬，或者谁有意图受到危害，就会受到一定的，这就是共识机制。一般来说，如果中国微博大v、美国虚拟货币玩家、非洲留学生和欧洲旅行者不认识，但他们认为你是个好人，基本上可以判断你不坏。

Encrypted currencies are mostly designed using centralized block chains, with nodes scattered in parallel, and must design systems, maintain the sequence and fairness of the system, unify the chain version, encourage users who provide resources to maintain the chain, and punish those who harm maliciously. Such systems must prove in some way who has the right to package the chain (also referred to as the right to account) and can be rewarded for the packaging of the block, or who has the intention of harming it, that is, a consensus mechanism. In general, if Weibo, China, American virtual currency players, African students and European travellers do not know, they can basically judge you if you are a good person.