从OpenAi到Bittensor:去中心化AI网络的范式转移

币圈资讯 阅读:42 2024-04-22 12:31:42 评论:0
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作者:Teng Yan,Delphi Digital NFT 研究负责人;翻译:比特币买卖交易网xiaozou

生活在亚洲有一件事要习惯,那就是你经常会一觉醒来就看到重磅新闻,必须恶补功课才能不掉队。

比如,Sam Altman上周五被OpenAI解雇,看到这个新闻我差点被牛奶呛到。

为什么董事会要解雇一个极其聪明的成功典范,而且此人12天前刚刚在OpenAI大会上发表了精彩的主题演讲?

Andrew Cote认为是出于政治原因,Altman之所以被解雇是因为“他或将通过部署最新突破推动人工智能发展得太快。”一些人并不喜欢这样。

gJsc3dRD7tAG2P6JQdp6elQ0QPKdKSFgCTw8fTTT.png

OpenAI的公司结构非常奇怪(几近功能失调),因为OpenAI最初是一个非营利组织,后来决定转型为营利性企业。如今,非营利组织控制着营利性实体的发展方向,同时为投资者提供有限的上行空间。

随着真相浮出水面,接下来的几周会非常刺激。

这会是又一个史蒂夫·乔布斯时刻吗?Sam会创办另一家公司与OpenAI竞争吗?

但可以肯定的是,OpenAI的内部运作笼罩着一层神秘的面纱。尽管GPT已成为无所不在的工具,被全世界数亿人使用,但仍然存在明显的脱节现象。

作为普通的日常用户,我们发现自己是站在外面,试图透过围绕这些AI巨头周围的神秘面纱向里窥视。随着GPT继续融入我们这个社会的方方面面,这种透明度的缺失令人担忧。

4wikzkFZ3xAICKf2TU8ljqUgSDZIbBsZj4AQEwoL.png

最近,我一直在思考这样一个问题:加密和人工智能之间的交集地带是什么样子的?很模糊,但大多数人都认可这样的融合会释放出巨大的潜力。

当我们想到AI x Crypto(AI和加密的融合),我们通常会想到Akash Network和Render。这些都是GPU去中心化网络,可以为AI模型训练提供必要的计算。其中逻辑很简单——随着人工智能继续飞速发展,对计算资源的需求也会随之猛增。在这种情况下,点对点网络可能会有显著增长。所以他们从事的是铁镐和铁铲(picks and shovels)业务,但我认为这只触及了AI x Crypto潜力的表面。

这就像说猴子JPEG是NFT的顶峰一样。

然后我就碰到了Bittensor。

1、ELI5:Bittensor

与支持AI模型训练(上游)的Akash或Render不同,Bittensor专注于AI推理(下游),使用训练模型生成输出。

Bittensor是一个去中心化网络,激励AI模型(特别是大语言模型LLM)处理各种任务,如文本生成,图像创建和音乐制作。目前,该网络有27个子网,每个子网都专注于特定的任务。

简单来说,可以把Bittensor想象成一个去中心化的ChatGPT + Midjourney + AI可以做的任何事。

该网络运营主要通过两大角色:

  • 矿工(价值生产者):矿工在网络上开发和托管AI模型。根据与特定任务相关的模型表现,他们将获得TAO代币作为奖励。这就激励了更优、更高效的AI模型的开发。

  • 验证者(共识生产者):验证者评估矿工的输出,对他们在特定任务上的表现进行排名。它们还与向验证者提交任务的用户交互,并将它们发送给适当的矿工。

7qtDGMaagf628jTytnuLx6bCJO7pYDI0fZRSm2OA.png

我可能过于简化了技术上的复杂性,但有几件事对我来说很明显:

  • 网络上的矿工和验证者交换知识并共享参数,可随时间的推移进行自我优化。

  • 该网络旨在利用多个独立AI模型的优势,产生最佳可能输出(“专家集合”)。

U2Z3U46xDhhioFFJB76IS0i2Kwga22w15tObSFfg.png

2、TAO

TAO是Bittensor网络的效用代币,与比特币的代币经济结构类似:2100万枚代币的硬上限和公平发布,没有风投分配。它甚至还有一个减半周期,第一次减半将在2025年发生。

如今有565万枚TAO在流通中,所有这些都是通过网络上的挖矿和验证来公平分配的。TAO的当前流通市值略高于10亿美元。每天向矿工和验证者新发布的TAO数量为7200枚。

3、我的一点思考

Bittensor仍处于初始阶段。该网络拥有一个虔诚的社区,但参与者规模仍然不大——大约只有5万多个活跃账户。最繁忙的子网SN1专门用于文本生成,有大约40个活跃验证者和990多名矿工。

EZaAteocVMubdk31YEYrziZX1zNEBiWZ5pJ7jUV5.png

真正吸引人的是去中心化AI网络这一概念,在降低了中心化风险的同时还提出了一个问题:这些独特的经济激励措施能否培育出超越OpenAI和谷歌等资本雄厚的实体所开发的AI模型?

在LLM随着ChatGPT等工具的出现而成为主流之前,deep tech(深度技术)初创公司通常专注于获取专有数据,为特定任务开发专门的、基于机器学习的人工智能模型。例如,Flatiron Health使用肿瘤患者的真实临床数据开发人工智能模型,将其融入支持癌症研究人员和卫生保健提供者的工具。历来,初创公司的目标是将这些专有模式产品化和货币化。

然而,Bittensor可能代表了这种范式的转变。或许更贴切的说法是,这是一种由技术推动的商业模式创新,而不是一种技术突破。例如,它为专有数据和AI模型提供了一条共同开发的途径,供更广泛的受众使用,而不需要将它们开源。我可以设想这样一个未来:Bittensor拥有数千个专门子网,可以应对一系列挑战,无论是环境、医疗保健问题还是能源问题。

实话实说,我发现如果一个团队能以与比特币相同的方式设计他们的代币经济学是很吸引人的。这表明了他们的动机,他们与如今的团队不同——后者经常按照风投资助的模式优化自己的代币经济学,为创始人和投资者提供大量代币分配。

我不确定Bittensor将何去何从。它可能会获取百倍的成功,也可能彻底失败。但它的潜力和背后的理念太吸引人了,让我不能无动于衷。


One thing to get used to when you live in Asia is that you often wake up and see heavy news. For example, you were fired last Friday. When I saw this news, I almost choked on milk. Why did the board dismiss an extremely clever success model? And this person just gave a wonderful keynote speech at the conference a few days ago, thinking that he was fired for political reasons because he would deploy the latest breakthrough. Promoting the development of artificial intelligence too fast, some people don't like this kind of company structure, which is very strange and almost dysfunctional, because it was originally a non-profit organization and later decided to transform into a for-profit enterprise. Now non-profit organizations control the development direction of for-profit entities and provide limited upside space for investors. As the truth emerges, the next few weeks will be very exciting. Will this be another Steve Jobs moment? Will you start another company and compete? But it is certain that it will be internal transportation. Although it has become an ubiquitous tool and is used by hundreds of millions of people all over the world, there is still an obvious disconnect. As ordinary daily users, we find ourselves standing outside trying to peep in through the mysterious veil around these giants. As we continue to integrate into all aspects of our society, this lack of transparency is worrying. Recently, I have been thinking about such a problem, what is the intersection between encryption and artificial intelligence? However, most people agree that this convergence will release great potential. When we think of the convergence of encryption and encryption, we usually think that these are decentralized networks, which can provide necessary calculations for model training. The logic is very simple. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the demand for computing resources will also increase dramatically. In this case, peer-to-peer networks may have a significant growth, so they are engaged in pickaxe and shovel business, but I think this only touches the surface of potential, which is like saying monkeys. The child is the same as the peak, and then I met with the upstream or different support model training, focusing on reasoning, and the downstream using the training model to generate output is a decentralized network incentive model, especially a large language model to deal with various tasks such as text generation, image creation and music production. At present, the network has a subnet, and each subnet is dedicated to specific tasks. Simply put, it can be imagined as a decentralized miner value producer. Miners develop and host models on the network, and they will get tokens as rewards according to the model performance related to specific tasks, which encourages the developers and verifiers of better and more efficient models to reach a consensus. Producers and verifiers evaluate miners' output and rank their performance on specific tasks. They also interact with users who submit tasks to verifiers and send them to the appropriate miners. I may have oversimplified the technical complexity, but there are several things that are obvious to me. Verifiers exchange knowledge and share parameters, which can be self-optimized over time. The network aims to make use of the advantages of multiple independent models to produce the best possible output. The expert set is the effectiveness of the network. The economic structure of tokens is similar to that of bitcoin. There is no hard upper limit and fair release of 10,000 tokens. There is even a halving cycle, and the first halving will take place in. Today, there are 10,000 in circulation, all of which are fairly distributed through mining and verification on the network. The market value is slightly higher than US$ 100 million, and the number of new releases to miners and verifiers every day is pieces. My thoughts are still in the initial stage. The network has a devout community, but the participants are still small. There are only about 10,000 active accounts, and the busiest subnet is dedicated to text generation. There are about 10 active verifiers and many miners. What is really attractive is the concept of decentralized network, which not only reduces the risk of decentralization, but also raises a question whether these unique economic incentives can be cultivated. Models developed by capital-rich entities such as Beyond and Google have become mainstream with the emergence of tools. Deep-tech startups usually focus on obtaining proprietary data and developing special artificial intelligence models based on machine learning for specific tasks, such as using real clinical data of cancer patients to develop artificial intelligence models and integrating them into tools to support cancer researchers and health care providers. The goal of startups is to productize and monetize these proprietary models. Perhaps it is more appropriate to say that this paradigm shift is a technology-driven business model innovation rather than a technological breakthrough. For example, it provides a way for proprietary data and models to be jointly developed for a wider audience without opening them up. I can imagine such a future with thousands of specialized subnets that can cope with a series of challenges, whether it is environmental health care issues or energy issues. Honestly, I found that if a team can cooperate with Bitcoin, It is very attractive to design their token economics in the same way, which shows their motivation. They are different from today's team, which often optimizes its token economics according to the model of venture capital funding, providing a large number of token allocation for founders and investors. I am not sure where to go. It may be a hundredfold success or a complete failure, but its potential and the ideas behind it are too attractive for me to be indifferent. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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