国内数字藏品相关政策、规范汇总

币圈资讯 阅读:42 2024-04-22 11:40:29 评论:0
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数字藏品是指使用区块链技术,对应特定的作品、艺术品生成的唯一数字凭证,在保护其数字版权的基础上,实现真实可信的数字化发行、购买、收藏和使用。数字藏品与比特币等虚拟币的共同点在于两者同属于依托区块链技术生成的加密资产,而区别在于数字藏品为非同质化代币,虚拟货币为同质化代币。

自2021年海外兴起NFT热后,数字藏品概念开始在国内迅速普及,大量数字藏品平台涌现。据《数字藏品应用参考》,截至2022年7月,国内数字藏品平台已超过700家。

与此同时,国内尚未搭建由上至下完善的行政监管机制,我国对于代币的行政监管政策主要集中在虚拟币相关的监管规定。因此现阶段,从部分对虚拟资产的监管实践来看,对虚拟资产的属性认定并非单一不变,而是根据其交易、流通过程中展现的属性特征进行穿透定性。

因此,如何把握监管红线合规经营,如何正确识别数字藏品性质谨防受骗,是当下数字藏品从业者和消费者必须认真对待的课题。本期内容元力社汇总整理了近三年国内数字藏品领域相关政策、规范,供大家参考。

央行等七部委

2021年12月,央行等七部委联合发布的《金融产品网络营销管理办法(征求意见稿)》,明确金融产品目录并不包含数字藏品。

工业和信息化部工业文化发展中心

2022年3月25日,工业和信息化部工业文化发展中心发布《关于征集首批工业文化数字藏品素材的通知》指出中心将筹建工业元宇宙服务平台,并拟于今年推出首批工业文化数字藏品。

国家文保局

2022年4月13日,国家文保局禁止将文物原始数据发行成为数字藏品,或将文物原始数据作为限量商品发售。

互联网金融协会等

2022年4月13日,互联网金融协会等发布《关于防范NFT相关金融风险的倡议》,规定不在NFT底层商品中包含证券、保险、信贷、贵金属等金融资产,不通过分割所有权或者批量创设等方式削弱NFT非同质化特征,变相开展代币发行融资(ICO)。

中国移动通信联合会元宇宙产业委员会

2022年4月26日,中国移动通信联合会元宇宙产业委员会与中国通信工业协会区块链专业委员会联合发布《关于规范数字藏品产业健康发展的自律要求》。

国家新闻出版署科技与标准综合重点实验室区块链版权应用中心

2022年7月6日,国家新闻出版署科技与标准综合重点实验室区块链版权应用中心主编的《数字藏品应用参考》发布,对从事数字藏品领域所涉及的相关资质和指导意见做了介绍:1.数字藏品形态包括:同一件作品,一次性单份销售;同一件作品,限量多份销售。2.数字藏品范围包括:文字作品,口述作品,音乐、戏剧、曲艺、舞蹈、杂技艺术作品,美术、建筑作品,摄影作品,视听作品,工程设计图、产品设计图、地图、示意图等图形作品和模型作品等。

中国信通院云计算与大数据所

2022年7月14日,2022可信区块链生态大会暨首届信任科技大会期间,中国信通院云计算与大数据所发布《可信数藏计划自律守则》和《可信数字藏品平台名单》。目前已有36家单位正式签署该《守则》,后续将严格遵守《守则》要求,严守行业底线。

上海数据交易所

2022年8月24日,上海数据交易所设立了全国首个数字资产板块,数字资产板块上线当日,上海市数字交易所发布了《上海数据交易所数字资产板块管理规范(试行)》,该规范主要涵盖数字资产登记、数字资产公告、参与方权利与义务等规则,可实现数字资产板块合规有序的运营。

中国国际服务贸易交易会

2022年9月4日,中国国际服务贸易交易会“世界前沿科技大会-元宇宙与数字经济论坛” 正式发布《数字藏品合规评价准则》(团体标准)指出从源头对数字藏品的定义、合规发行及流转进行规范。数字藏品仅限于使用目的流转,不可开展炒作、洗钱、代币化、金融化、证券化等挂牌或私下非法交易流转。

yuanlishe.cn

北京

2022年8月22日,《北京城市副中心元宇宙创新发展行动计划(2022—2024年)》指出聚焦数字藏品、数字出版物等非货币化虚拟资产的加密、确权、流转需求,持续强化区块链技术攻关与应用。发挥区块链在数据共享、价值流通中的支撑作用,打造城市级数据与数字资产基础设施。

上海

2022年6月24日,《上海市培育“元宇宙”新赛道行动方案(2022—2025年)》指出在上海数据交易所试点开设数字资产交易板块,培育健全数字资产要素市场,推动数字创意产业规范发展。逐步完善数字资产、数字艺术品、数字影视版权等合规交易机制,加强风险监管,探索数字人民币应用。探索建立多方参与、互联互通的数字创意联盟链体系。支持原创内容平台、交易平台及艺术家参与全球数字艺术品创制交易及国际标准制定。

2022年7月12日,上海发布《上海市数字经济发展“十四五”规划》,支持探索NFT交易平台建设,研究推动NFT等资产数字化、数字IP全球化流通、数字确权保护等相关业态在上海先行先试。发展区块链商业模式,着力发展区块链开源平台、NFT等商业模式,加速探索虚拟数字资产、艺术品、知识产权、游戏等领域的数字化转型与数字科技应用。支持组建跨机构和行业的区块链联盟,研究制定重点领域区块链行业标准和协议框架。

2022年8月24日,上海市数字交易所发布了《上海数据交易所数字资产板块管理规范(试行)》,该规范主要涵盖数字资产登记、数字资产公告、参与方权利与义务等规则,可实现数字资产板块合规有序的运营。

福建

2022年3月31日,中国工合国际委员会指导建设并携手中国技术市场协会国际科技合作委员会、数字中国研究院(福建)、福建省产权交易中心等众多权威机构与单位联合发起海峡链区块链底层技术服务平台正式上线,现已部署超过20个数字藏品平台。

海南

2023年1月29日,为了建设海南自由贸易港、促进数字经济发展,海南省发布《关于加强数字藏品风险监管工作的通知》,指出数字藏品存在的诈骗、洗钱、传销、非法集资等风险隐患不容忽视;要求加强合作,形成部门联动的协同监管机制。此外,《通知》还强调,要多措并举,全方位防范数字藏品的监管风险。

浙江

2022年4月22日 ,浙江省杭州市人民政府的相关部门推动组建首个数字藏品规范化交易平台“虚猕数藏”正式上线。

2022年12月5日,浙江省印发关于《浙江省元宇宙产业发展行动计划(2023—2025年)》,提升区块链基础设施能力建设,强化安全隐私计算、链上链下高效协同、跨链互联互通智能合约审计等区块链共性应用支撑。加快数据要素价值开发,建设区域性、行业级数据交易平台,探索基于NFT的数字资产交易场景建设。

广东

2022年10月17日,广东省互联网协会区块链专业委员会等组织机构编制《发行NFT数字藏品合规操作指引》提出,(1)铸造发行NFT数字藏品的企业、平台需具备一定的资质或许可。(2)铸造发行NFT数字藏品的艺术品经营单位、平台需由第三方进行评估或审查。(3)发行人是指委托铸造和发行NFT数字藏品的发行单位或个人。发行人是单位的,需具备一定的资质或许可;发行人是个人的,需具备一定的条件。(4)铸造发行平面作品需要提供指引中所规定的文件。(5)铸造发行电子文创艺术品时需要提供指引中所规定的文件。

四川

2022年7月8日,四川省人民政府办公厅发布《四川省创建国家全域旅游示范区实施方案》指出深入实施景区“对内注重提品质、对外注重美誉度”管理服务质量提升行动,推动重点品牌旅游景区业态提升,创新开发数字藏品等数字化体验产品,优化服务供给,打造一批富有文化底蕴的世界级旅游景区。

河南

2022年11月10日,河南省地方金融监督管理局发布《关于数字藏品投资的风险提示》。《提示》称,多家数字藏品交易平台打着“金融创新”名号,以数字藏品交易为噱头实施新型金融诈骗。


Digital collection refers to the use of blockchain technology to generate the only digital voucher corresponding to a specific work of art. On the basis of protecting its digital copyright, it realizes authentic digital distribution, purchase, collection and use of digital collection and virtual currency such as Bitcoin. The common point is that both of them belong to encrypted assets generated by blockchain technology, but the difference is that digital collection is a non-homogeneous token, and virtual currency is a homogeneous token. Since the rise of overseas craze in, the concept of digital collection has rapidly spread in China. According to the application reference of digital collection, there are more than 100 digital collection platforms in China as of June, and at the same time, a top-down perfect administrative supervision mechanism has not been established in China. The administrative supervision policy of tokens in China mainly focuses on the supervision regulations related to virtual currency. Therefore, at this stage, from the perspective of some supervision practices on virtual assets, the attribute identification of virtual assets is not single, but based on the attribute characteristics displayed in the transaction and circulation process, so how to grasp it? How to correctly identify the nature of digital collections and guard against being deceived is a topic that practitioners and consumers of digital collections must take seriously at present. In this issue, Yuan Lishe summarized and compiled the relevant policies and norms in the field of digital collections in China in recent three years for your reference. The draft for comments on the measures for the management of online marketing of financial products jointly issued by the central bank and other seven ministries and commissions made it clear that the catalogue of financial products does not include the industrial culture development center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The Industrial Culture Development Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued a notice on collecting the first batch of industrial culture digital collection materials, pointing out that the center will build an industrial meta-cosmic service platform and plan to launch the first batch of industrial culture digital collection this year. The National Cultural Protection Bureau prohibited the original data of cultural relics from being distributed as digital collections or being sold as limited commodities, and the Internet Finance Association and other Internet finance associations issued regulations on preventing related financial risks. Financial assets such as securities, insurance, credit, precious metals, etc. are not included in the underlying commodities. Non-homogeneity characteristics are not weakened by splitting ownership or batch creation. Token issuance financing is carried out in disguise. China Mobile Communications Federation Meta-Cosmic Industry Committee, China Mobile Communications Federation Meta-Cosmic Industry Committee and China Communication Industry Association Blockchain Professional Committee jointly issued self-discipline requirements on regulating the healthy development of digital collection industry. Comprehensive focus of science and technology and standards of the State Press and Publication Administration. Laboratory Blockchain Copyright Application Center The reference release of digital collection application edited by Blockchain Copyright Application Center, the comprehensive key laboratory of science and technology and standards of the State Press and Publication Administration, introduced the relevant qualifications and guidance involved in the field of digital collection, including the form of digital collection, one-time single sale of the same work, limited sales of multiple copies of the same work, and the scope of digital collection includes written works, oral works, music, drama, folk art, dance, acrobatics, art works, photography. Audio-visual works, engineering design drawings, product design drawings, maps, schematic diagrams and other graphic works and model works, etc. During the Trusted Blockchain Ecological Conference of China Institute of Cloud Computing and Big Data and the first Trust Technology Conference, China Institute of Cloud Computing and Big Data released the self-discipline code of trusted digital collection plan and the list of trusted digital collection platforms. At present, 20 units have officially signed the code, and the following will strictly abide by the code requirements and strictly abide by the industry bottom line, Shanghai Data Exchange, Shanghai data transaction. The first digital asset board in China was established. On the day when the digital asset board was launched, the Shanghai Digital Exchange issued the management standard of the digital asset board of the Shanghai Data Exchange. The standard mainly covers the rules of digital asset registration, digital asset announcement, rights and obligations of participants, and can realize the legal and orderly operation of the digital asset board. China International Fair for Trade in Services, January, China International Fair for Trade in Services World Frontier Science and Technology Conference, Metauniverse and Digital Economy Forum officially released digital collections. Compliance evaluation criteria Group standards point out that the definition, compliance, issuance and circulation of digital collections should be regulated from the source. Digital collections should only be used for the purpose of circulation. Speculation, money laundering, token, financial securitization and other listing or private illegal transactions should not be carried out. Beijing Sub-center Meta-Universe Innovation and Development Action Plan Year points out that the demand for encryption and confirmation of digital collections, digital publications and other non-monetized virtual assets should be focused on. Continue to strengthen the research and application of blockchain technology. The supporting role of data sharing in value circulation, building city-level data and digital asset infrastructure, Shanghai, June, Shanghai, the action plan of cultivating a new track of meta-universe, pointed out that the digital asset trading section was set up in Shanghai Data Exchange on a pilot basis, and the digital asset factor market was cultivated and improved to promote the standardized development of digital creative industries, and gradually improve the compliance trading mechanism of digital assets, digital works of art, digital film and television copyright, strengthen risk supervision, explore the application of digital RMB, and explore the establishment of multi-party participation in interconnection. The digital creative alliance chain system supports the original content platform, trading platform and artists to participate in the global digital art creation and trading and the formulation of international standards. Shanghai released the 14th Five-Year Plan for the development of Shanghai's digital economy, supported the exploration of the construction of trading platforms, and promoted the digitalization of assets, digital globalization, circulation, digital rights protection and other related formats. In Shanghai, we will try to develop blockchain business models, focus on developing blockchain open source platforms and other business models, and accelerate the exploration of virtual digital assets and art knowledge. Digital transformation and application of digital technology in property rights games and other fields support the establishment of blockchain alliances across institutions and industries, research and formulate blockchain industry standards and agreement frameworks in key areas, and Shanghai Digital Exchange issued the management specification for digital assets section of Shanghai Data Exchange for trial implementation, which mainly covers the rules of digital assets registration, digital assets announcement, rights and obligations of participants, and can realize the orderly operation of digital assets section, under the guidance of Fujian China Gonghe International Committee. Build and join hands with China Technology Market Association, International Science and Technology Cooperation Committee, Digital China Research Institute, Fujian Fujian Property Rights Exchange Center and many other authoritative institutions and units to jointly launch the technical service platform at the bottom of the Straits Chain Blockchain. Now more than one digital collection platform has been deployed in Hainan. In order to build a free trade port in Hainan and promote the development of digital economy, Hainan Province issued a notice on strengthening the risk supervision of digital collections, pointing out that the potential risks of digital collections such as fraud, money laundering, pyramid schemes and illegal fund-raising cannot be ignored, and demanding that cooperation be strengthened to form a coordinated supervision mechanism linked by departments. In addition, the notice also stressed that more measures should be taken 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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