律师解读 | 工信部如何制定符合国情的Web3.0发展战略？

01、中国区块链的春天？

海外币圈的朋友“一身反骨”，天天琢磨的是去中心化；中国链圈的朋友们根红苗正，始终响应国家发展战略紧跟时代步伐。

这不，昨天工信部在官网上的一个消息答复，差不多让整个圈内的朋友们颅内高潮纷纷表述要紧跟时代步伐，大家可以感受下红林律师今天上午的朋友圈。

毫无疑问，类似这样的新闻，对于中国内地的区块链从业者，和创业的朋友们来说绝对是一件好事情，毕竟搞区块链就是搞诈骗是很多不懂这个行业的朋友们很容易有的误解和偏见。

但是（注意这个但是），工信部的本次意见答复，是不是就意味着虚拟货币在国内的合法了，是不是就意味着在中国能够随便发币了？那倒也不至于此。

这篇文章，我们就来看下工信部眼里的符合中国国情的Web3.0应该长啥样，作为创业者我们应该走怎样的道路，毕竟，只有方向对，才能事半功倍。

02、逐条解读

稳妥起见，我去工信部官网查询了相关的出处（对全国政协十四届一次会议第02969号提案的答复），咱们逐条进行解读下。

要点1

吴杰庄委员：

您提出的《关于推进Web3产业发展的提案》收悉……

1、工信部答复的对象是吴杰庄委员。圈外的朋友们可能不熟悉，吴委员可以说是币圈的老朋友了，经常活跃在中国香港和内地的Web3.0活动上，发表一些币圈人民群众喜闻乐见的言论。虽然他本人的身份是香港立法会议员，但怎么看怎么像是香港区块链招商局局长的感觉。不信你可以感受一下：

要点2

经商科技部、中国科学院、中国科协，现答复如下：

我部高度重视Web3.0产业发展。您提出的加强Web3.0技术研究发展的资源支持、加强技术监管和管理、鼓励国际合作、加强宣传和推广等建议，具有前瞻性和战略性，与我部重点工作高度契合。

2、这次答复是工信部拉上了科技部、中国科学院、中国科协等一块发声。对于这几家机构，有何可以解读的？红林律师的观点是：利好Web3.0创业者。

为啥这么说？经常想申请政府财政补贴和项目申报的朋友们都清楚，中国给创业公司发钱的主要政府部门有三个：科委（科学技术委员会）、经信委（经济和信息化委员会）和发改委（国家发展和改革委员会）。

每年科技部都会牵头搞创新创业大赛，从地方赛事一直干到全国评选，科委奖金的优点是：数量多，门槛低。以上海为例，入围市一级基本就是20万的奖金打底。而且就红林律师此前拿奖的经验来说，科委相关的奖项申领难度是比较容易的。

经信委是工信部在省一级政府的对应职能机构，每年的创业专项扶持基金比科委来得更猛烈一些，且会针对不同的细分行业有专项政策，比如针对影视文化行业的、针对旅游行业的。以上海为例，经信委的单个扶持基金可以高达数百万。

创业的朋友都知道，中国产业政策历来是地方响应中央，既然对口的主管部门表态要支持Web3.0，对于地方的相关部门来说，必然是要积极贯彻实施和响应。这也是我所说的利好Web3.0创业者的原因。

要点3

一、已开展工作情况

目前，我国发展Web3.0拥有良好产业基础和广阔发展空间，尤其是政策环境、技术储备和丰富应用场景为我国独特优势。

（一）政策环境不断优化

我部联合中央网信办印发《关于加快区块链技术应用和产业发展的指导意见》《区块链信息服务管理规定》等一系列政策文件。会同国家标准化委员会成立全国区块链和分布式记账技术标准化技术委员会（TC590），为基于区块链技术的Web3.0提供良好发展环境。推动各地方发布《关于推动北京互联网3.0产业创新发展的工作方案（2023—2025年）》《上海市培育“元宇宙”新赛道行动方案（2022—2025年）》等专项政策，抢抓Web3.0发展新机遇。

（二）技术探索持续深化

相关研究机构积极跟踪国际布局及发展情况，开展Web3.0、元宇宙、非同质化通证（NFT）等相关新兴概念研究，探索去中心化身份管理、虚拟数字人等技术实现路径和应用落地场景，研判预期风险和应对举措。形成一批以长安链、蚂蚁链、华为云区块链、百度超级链、趣链等为代表的自主可控联盟链底层平台。例如：长安链通过开源开放方式，推动技术迭代升级，汇聚超5万名开发者，累计发布15个版本，发展120余家行业生态合作伙伴。

（三）应用培育加快推进

我国Web3.0应用场景覆盖工业、医疗、教育、旅游等领域，互联网企业依托自身技术和产业优势，推出大量数字藏品、元宇宙空间等相关产品，努力在数字化进程中抢占先机。中央网信办会同中央宣传部、最高人民法院等部门组织开展国家区块链创新应用试点行动，在能源、法治、版权、贸易金融等16个特色领域形成可复制、可推广的典型案例和经验做法。此外，我部支持成立北京国际大数据交易所、上海数据交易所等多家数据交易机构，为探索Web3.0数据要素规则的改变提供了“试验场”。

（四）标准研制稳步推动

推动成立全国区块链和分布式记账技术标准化技术委员会（TC590），推动发布国内首个区块链技术领域国家标准《区块链和分布式记账技术 参考架构》，规范了区块链系统的功能架构、核心要素，为统一区块链概念，建设完善区块链系统、选择使用区块链服务提供参考指引。在ISO/TC307、ITU-T、IEEE-SA等国际标准化组织成立工作组，协同推进国际标准、国内标准发展，同步有序推进行业标准和团体标准工作。

3、 工信部在答复意见的开头，先罗列了自己的一系列工作量证明，从行业标准政策制定、技术探索应用培育等，同时表示对于打着Web3.0旗号的各种创新，表示我也一直在关注，比如数字藏品、虚拟数字人等等，所以创业者你们不要乱搞。

对于工信部过往的重点关注事项，有两点，第一点是：在技术上重点关注的“自主可控的联盟链”；第二点是：在应用上重点看工业、旅游、版权的应用场景。由此可见，工信部对于区块链技术的关注和探索还是集中在产业数字化的范畴，不是RWA、绿色债券、数字金融等领域的尝试，那是中国香港的分工和使命，内外各有分工。

要点4

下一步，针对您提出的建议，我部将加强与相关部门的协同互动，推动Web3.0技术创新和产业高质量发展。

一是完善顶层设计。加强Web3.0调查研究，制定符合我国国情的Web3.0发展战略文件，明晰Web3.0发展路径、技术重点、应用模式，处理好继承与创新、发展与安全、政府与市场、供给与需求的关系。

4、在未来中国区块链的发展方向上，工信部重点的工作方向在于“制定符合我国国情的Web3.0发展战略”。重点聚焦是政务和工业领域。这点我们可以从上海市政府本月的雄心壮志可以看出，主打政务数字化的“浦江数链”，把上海打造成国际区块链交换枢纽，推进城市数字化转型。

这对于我们创业者的启发是什么？抄作业，将上海基于区块链技术的政务数字化服务迁移到其他新兴城市。这是一个妥妥的To G的新业务，理念新、政绩大，工程费用还挺高。

要点5

聚焦政务、工业等重点领域，鼓励开展NFT、分布式应用（DApp）等新商业模式，加速Web3.0的创新应用和数字化生态构建。

5、对于NFT的点名提出，让很多国内搞数字藏品创业者的朋友们嗨了一把，我的观点是：这对于国内的数藏行业来说，肯定是件好事情，因为可以正经地用NFT来称呼自己做的创业项目了，没有什么政策上的担忧。但这并不意味着NFT就能大搞特搞了，二级交易市场可以随便炒了，更重要的是，如何让NFT能够摆脱仅仅是一个小图片的发展现状，是行业创业者要去关注和解决的问题，这个跟政策无关。

此外，我很好奇的是，分布式应用（DApp）等新商业模式，不知工信部会如何来理解？是APP底层的分布式数据存储，还是上层的商业利益生态共建？这是一个好问题，正常来说，新的商业模式是会对产业链条上的利益进行再分配，至于是怎样一种基于区块链的再次分配，我们只能静观其变。

要点6

二是加强技术研究和监管。支持企业、高校、研究机构开展Web3.0技术体系研究，在跨链、隐私计算、智能合约等方面实现关键核心技术突破。部署区块链安全监管与治理技术研究，开展联盟链技术收敛和跨链互认研究，探索兼顾公有链开放特性和联盟链易监管特性的区块链技术体系架构。加大数据安全产品研发支持力度，加强网络产品安全漏洞管理，提升Web3.0发展中的网络和数据安全保护能力。

6、鼓励和监管并行是肯定，尤其是在符合中国国情这样的一个大的前提下。“兼顾公有链开放特性和联盟链易监管特性的区块链技术体系架构”，是中国对于中国特色“区块链”的要求，说实话，看到这点的时候，我的第一反应，这事差点就指名道姓的说中国公链Conflux树图链或开放性联盟链的BSN了。

言外之意是，完全自由进出的公链是不符合中国国情的，以太坊为代表的传统公链在中国内地可以说是基本无缘了，为啥？因为小V他们不听话、不服管。

要点7

三是开展国际交流合作。紧密跟踪国际政产学研各界关于Web3.0的前沿动态。鼓励科研院所、高校、企业等参与Web3.0相关全球标准化活动，推动参与和主导Web3.0相关国际标准、事实标准、国际联盟标准制定，提升国际话语权和规则制定权。加快复合型人才培养，培育富有创新能力的高端人才，建设高水平人才队伍。

7、对于中国高校的研究人员，可以准备申请区块链相关的课题研究了，毕竟“推动Web3.0学术进步和技术成果应用”是重要的工作量体现，这样更容易拿到课题经费。如果有相关高校的朋友想做课题研究，欢迎跟红林律师联系，我们很乐意一并来参与。

要点8

四是加大技术宣传和推广。建好用好已有科普平台资源，通过科普中国等官方新媒体平台的传播，持续提高公众对Web3.0技术的理解和认识。

8、区块链自媒体的生存处境或许未来能够好上一丢丢。不会说敏感词里面出现区块链等就会被限流和封号，各位行业从业者的微信可能也能少被禁言好几天。当然这只是基于这个政策的解读，至于各自媒体平台会不会更高标准的要求自己，这事还真的不好说。

要点9

推动开展分布式数字身份（DID）等应用试点，探索机构和个人Web3.0数字身份认证和数字资产管理体系。

9、推广亮点工程中有个事项是特别需要注意的，就是分布式数字身份（DID）的推广。前段时间BSN的朋友邀请我去参加他们在北京的线下论坛，核心主题就是DID。对于这个事情的理解有两个视角，一个视角是打造互联网上公民个人的身份，一个账号通用全网，同时有利于个人数据安全和隐私保护；另外一个视角是，作为网络用户，你就只有一个身份，你在互联网上干了啥，通过区块链的记录全程可追踪。这不知大家会采用怎么样的视角来解读？希望是我的理解肤浅了。

要点10

The spring of China's blockchain friends in the overseas currency circle are all turned against their bones. What they are pondering every day is that the friends in the decentralized China chain circle are always responding to the national development strategy and keeping pace with the times. This is not the case. Yesterday, a news reply from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in official website almost made friends in the whole circle express their desire to keep up with the times. You can feel the friends circle of lawyer Hong Lin this morning. There is no doubt that such news is similar to the blockchain practitioners and entrepreneurial friends in China. It is definitely a good thing for us. After all, engaging in blockchain is fraud, which is easy to be misunderstood and prejudiced by many friends who don't understand this industry. But pay attention to this. But does this reply from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology mean that virtual currency is legal in China? Does it mean that you can freely issue money in China? That's not the case. Let's take a look at what the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology should look like in line with China's national conditions. What kind of road should we take as entrepreneurs? On the safe side, I went to official website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to inquire about the relevant sources, and answered the proposal No.1 of the 14th session of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference one by one. Let's interpret the main points one by one. The proposal put forward by Commissioner Dr. Johnny ng on promoting industrial development has been received from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The target of the reply is the friends outside Commissioner Dr. Johnny ng's circle, who may not be familiar with Commissioner Wu. He can be said to be an old friend of the currency circle. He is often active in activities in China, Hong Kong and the mainland to express some people's happiness in the currency circle. Although he is a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, he seems to feel like the director of the blockchain investment promotion bureau in Hong Kong. If you don't believe it, you can feel the main points. The Ministry of Commerce, Science and Technology, China Academy of Sciences and China Association for Science and Technology now reply as follows: Our department attaches great importance to industrial development, and your proposal to strengthen resource support for technological research and development, strengthen technical supervision and management, encourage international cooperation and strengthen publicity and promotion is forward-looking and strategic, which is highly consistent with our key work. The Ministry of Information has drawn a voice from the Ministry of Science and Technology, China Academy of Sciences, China Association for Science and Technology, etc. What can be interpreted about these institutions? Lawyer Hong Lin's point of view is that it is good for entrepreneurs. Friends who often want to apply for government financial subsidies and project declaration know that China's main government departments that send money to startups have three science and technology committees: Science and Technology Committee, Economic and Information Committee and National Development and Reform Commission. Every year, the Ministry of Science and Technology will take the lead in holding innovation and entrepreneurship competitions from local competitions. The advantage of doing things until the national prize selection of the Science and Technology Commission is that the number is large and the threshold is low. Taking Shanghai as an example, it is basically a bonus of 10,000 yuan. Moreover, it is relatively easy to apply for awards related to the Science and Technology Commission in terms of lawyer Honglin's previous experience in winning awards. The Economic and Information Commission is the corresponding functional institution of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology at the provincial level. The annual special support fund for entrepreneurship is more intense than that of the Science and Technology Commission, and there will be special policies for different sub-sectors, such as film and television culture industry and tourism industry. Take Shanghai as an example. The single support fund of the Economic and Information Committee can reach millions of entrepreneurs. Friends all know that China's industrial policy has always been a local response. Since the corresponding competent departments have expressed their support, it is inevitable for the relevant local departments to actively implement and respond. This is also the reason why I said it is good for entrepreneurs. The main points are as follows: At present, China has a good industrial foundation and broad development space, especially the policy environment, technical reserves and rich application scenarios. Special advantages: the policy environment is constantly optimized. The Ministry and the Central Network Information Office issued a series of policy documents on accelerating the application of blockchain technology and industrial development, such as the regulations on the management of blockchain information services. Together with the National Standardization Committee, the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology was established to provide a good development environment based on blockchain technology and promote the release of work plans for promoting the innovation and development of Beijing's Internet industry in various places. Special policies such as Tao Action Plan Year seize new opportunities for development. Second, technical exploration continues to deepen. Relevant research institutions actively follow the international layout and development, and carry out research and exploration on related emerging concepts such as heterogeneous universal certificate, decentralized identity management, virtual digital technology, etc. Implementation paths and application landing scenarios, judge expected risks and countermeasures, and form a group of autonomous and controllable alliance chain bottom platforms such as Changan Chain, represented by Changan Chain Ant Chain, Huawei Cloud Blockchain, Baidu Super Chain Fun Chain, etc. Promote the iterative upgrading of technology through open source and open mode, gather more than 10,000 developers, release a cumulative version, develop more than 10 industrial ecological partners, and accelerate the application of China's application scenarios covering industrial, medical, educational, tourism and other fields. Internet companies rely on their own technology and industrial advantages to launch a large number of digital collections, meta-cosmic space and other related products, and strive to seize the opportunity in the process of digitalization. The Central Network Information Office, together with the Central Propaganda Department, the Supreme People's Court and other departments, will organize the national blockchain innovation. In addition, the Ministry supports the establishment of Beijing International Big Data Exchange, Shanghai Data Exchange and other data trading institutions, providing a testing ground for exploring the change of data element rules. The development of four standards has steadily promoted the establishment of a national blockchain and distributed accounting technology standardization technical committee to promote the release of the first national standard blockchain and distribution in China. The reference framework of bookkeeping technology standardizes the core elements of the functional architecture of the blockchain system, and provides reference guidance for unifying the concept construction of the blockchain system and improving the selection and use of blockchain services. When the International Organization for Standardization sets up a working group to jointly promote the development of international standards and domestic standards, and promote the work of industry standards and group standards in an orderly manner, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology listed its own series of workload proofs at the beginning of the reply, and said at the same time, from the technical exploration, application and cultivation of industry standards and policies. I have been paying attention to all kinds of innovations under the banner, such as digital collections, virtual digital people and so on, so entrepreneurs should not mess around. There are two key concerns of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in the past. The first point is the independent and controllable alliance chain that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology focuses on in technology. The second point is to focus on the application scenarios of industrial tourism copyright. It can be seen that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's concern and exploration of blockchain technology is not an attempt in the field of green bonds, digital finance and so on. That is the division of labor and mission of China and Hong Kong, and there are different points of division of labor inside and outside. The next step 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

建立数据治理和交易流通机制，形成可复制可推广的典型示范项目。推动Web3.0学术进步和技术成果应用，搭建技术和产业应用交流平台，促进Web3.0产业创新发展。

10、“数字资产管理体系和交易流通机制”也是工信部接下来的重点推广事项，这说的就是上海数交所为代表的数据交易平台，数据是生产要素，数据能入到企业的资产负债表，数据能在市场上合法地交易。这是中国数据资产化的大趋势。巧的是，就在昨天，上海数交所还发了篇文章，大概意思是让数据资产像股票一样。能不能做成我不知道，谁能参加到数据的买卖，买卖成交了作为数据的拥有者的普通公民能不能享有相关收益，这可都是好问题，其他不多说，咱就希望一点：希望这股票后的数据资产，不要像A股一样死磕3000点。

感谢您对我部工作的关心与支持。