DePIN赛道备受关注:解析其发展潜力 生态及潜在挑战

币圈资讯 阅读:36 2024-04-22 11:32:02 评论:0
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近期Solana生态的Helium Mobile项目爆火,其代币MOBILE的市值一路狂飙,最高达7亿美元。随后,Helium Mobile所属的DePIN赛道受到市场的广泛关注,成为继BTC铭文和协议后的重要叙事。

什么是DePIN?除了Helium Mobile之外,还有哪些具有潜力的概念项目?其中又有哪些安全风险?今天Beosin团队将为大家一一解析。

DePIN的由来

DePIN(Decentralised Physical Infrastructure Networks)为去中心化物理基础设施网络,通过区块链技术和代币奖励来激励世界各地的个人和企业可以以去中心化的方式构建物理世界的任何基础设施(WiFi、硬盘存储、电池等),为任何人提供服务。

DePINscan: DePIN设备分布图

此前,对于DePIN这一新兴赛道并未有统一的描述。2019年,Multicoin Capital的合伙人Kyle Samani将相关的去中心化物理设施项目称为互联网设施层(Internet Infrastructure Stack)。2021年,专注于物联网公链的IoTeX将这一赛道命名为MachineFi,后续还出现了“Token Incentived Physical Network”等名称。在2022年11月,Messari对Web3物理基础设施赛道的名称进行了投票,并在年度报告和专题报告中使用DePIN,随后DePIN成为该赛道统一的名称。

link: https://twitter.com/MessariCrypto/status/1588938954807869440

DePIN概念项目及其风险

DePIN涵盖的行业非常广泛。按照Messari的分类,可以分为物理资源网络(Physical Resource Network)和数字资源网络(Digital Resource Network)两大类,具体取决于网络提供的硬件和资源、商品和服务。

物理资源网络包括无线网络、移动网络和能源网络;数字资源网络包括存储、带宽和计算网络。每个领域的代表项目如下图所示:

source: Messari

由于DePIN概念的项目众多,以下只分析DePIN赛道的四个重点项目,其它项目的业务/叙事和风险与其类似

注:以下内容不构成投资建议。

1.  Helium与Helium Mobile

Helium是一个去中心化的无线网络协议。从2017年开始,Helium采用区块链技术和代币激励以用户部署无线网络。其去中心化网络的概念和Helium热点装置的低门槛吸引了大量用户参与。截止至2021年底,Helium热点装置的总销售额超2.5亿美元。

在2022年,由于使用Helium网络的用户数过低,Helium网络节点的奖励过低,一个Helium热点装置的月收入仅20美元,Helium决定迁移至Solana网络,以获得更多用户

在迁移的同时,Helium旗下的Helium Mobile业务通过Solana Labs的Saga手机向其手机用户提供SIM卡和免费试用。2023年12月6日,Helium Mobile在美国推出了每月20美元无限电话套餐,涵盖流量、短信与通话服务,购买这个套餐的用户可获得一个NFT并获得MOBILE代币的空投奖励。

Helium Mobile的业务类似于电信运营商,提供的电话套餐服务价格便宜。用户可通过eSIM获得MOBILE代币。其业务飞轮为Helium Mobile通过低价的服务和代币吸引用户,用户的增长带动代币价格的增长,从而吸引更多用户,为Helium Mobile的服务付费。

目前MOBILE代币只作为Helium Mobile的治理代币,当前市值已超过4亿美元,FDV超过11亿美元,用户需小心短期的炒作风险。

2.  IoTeX

IoTeX为一条去中心化物联网公链,致力于将区块链网络、可信硬件与边缘计算结合起来,实现万物可信互联。IoTeX主要通过将现实世界数十亿的物理设施与 Web3 基础设施相连接来构建产品,目前其生态已涵盖 DeFi、NFT、DAO、Metaverse 和 DePIN 等赛道。

IoTeX: https://eagleeye.space/detail/iotex

根据EagleEye链上数据分析,目前IoTeX的链上流动性主要存在于Uniswap交易池和其链上DEX Mimo,更多的流动性主要存在于中心化交易所。其代币超90%全流通,市值约6亿美元。

3.  DIMO Network

DIMO Network是一个汽车物联网平台,允许驾驶员收集和共享他们的车辆数据来赚取代币DIMO。其团队于2022年完成CoinFund等机构参投的900万美元融资。据DIMO官网披露,DIMO Network目前连接超过2.8万辆汽车。DIMO的收入来自两部分,用户提供的车辆数据与付费数据api服务。

DIMO: https://eagleeye.space/detail/dimo

目前 DIMO 的市值超 9600 万美元,其代币为 DIMO,基本全流通,目前价格波动较大,用户交易需注意风险。

4.  Streamr Network

Streamr Network是一个去中心化网络,旨在收集并发布来自物联网传感器、机器及其他智能设备的低延迟实时数据流。根据EagleEye的项目关系分析图谱,目前Streamr已和DIMO Network、Swash等数据平台进行合作

Streamr: https://eagleeye.space/detail/streamr

目前 Streamr 的市值超 7000 万美元,其代币为 DATA,基本全流通,目前价格波动较大。据EagleEye检测,其代币合约存在一定的中心化风险

DePIN的影响与意义

与传统物理基础设施网络相比,DePIN 具有以下几个优点:

1.  快速启动:DePIN项目的运营和维护成本仅为传统硬件设施公司的一小部分,如电信公司需投资数十亿美元和大量员工才能开展业务,而DePIN通过大幅削减前期资本需求和代币激励,只需数十万到数百万美元即可启动,降低了行业进入壁垒,比传统项目更快的速度实现快速启动。

2.  社区为先:在DePIN中,社区拥有构成网络的所有硬件,提供社区所需要和使用的产品和服务。DePIN社区的用户无需依赖主要对利润与财报感兴趣的公司和企业。这使利益相关者的利益保持一致,以促进DePIN服务的采用和增长。

3.  开放治理:传统基础设施项目通常最终会由一个中心化实体来规定您可以执行和使用的条款和条件,但 DePIN 是开放、民主且易于访问的。任何人在任何地区都可以使用DePIN的服务,任何人都能参与并构建使他们能够受益的物理基础设施。

总结

得益于市场流动性和情绪的恢复,DePIN赛道和其概念项目在几周里获得了巨大的热度和资金流入。DePIN是面向现实世界用户的应用层,它具有向Web2用户和企业推广的巨大潜力,让Web3进入大规模采用阶段。

但用户需要注意的是对于DePIN项目来说,目前项目叙事和飞轮效应的作用明显,其采用率与市场行情紧密相关。当前火热的Hivemapper、Render、Helium和Helium Mobile都属于Solana生态项目,其火热的原因一部分是Solana的复苏。而随着市场的成熟和项目的发展,用户对项目价值的评估最终会回到能否盈利,而非叙事和炒作。DePIN赛道的项目是否能真正跑通某一盈利模式,其智能合约的安全性,能否稳定发展并落地依然是一个未知数。


Recently, ecological projects have exploded, and the market value of its tokens has soared to hundreds of millions of dollars. Subsequently, the track it belongs to has been widely concerned by the market, which has become an important narrative after the inscription and agreement. What are the other potential conceptual projects and what are the security risks? Today, the team will analyze the origin of decentralization for everyone. The physical infrastructure network encourages individuals and enterprises around the world to build things in a decentralized way through blockchain technology and token rewards. The distribution map of any infrastructure in the world, such as hard disks, storage batteries, etc., which provide services for anyone, has not been uniformly described for this emerging track before. In, the partners called the related decentralized physical facilities project the Internet facilities layer in, and focused on the public chain of the Internet of Things in, and named this track as the follow-up. In, the name of the physical infrastructure track was voted and used in the annual report and special report, which later became the unified name concept item of this track. The purpose and its risks cover a wide range of industries. According to the classification, it can be divided into two categories: physical resource network and digital resource network, depending on the hardware and resources provided by the network. Physical resource network includes wireless network, mobile network and energy network, and digital resource network includes storage bandwidth and computing network. The representative projects of each field are shown in the figure below. Because there are many conceptual projects, the following only analyzes the business narrative and risks of the four key projects of the track. The following content does not constitute an investment proposal, and it is a decentralized wireless network protocol. Since, blockchain technology and token incentives have been adopted to deploy wireless networks for users. The concept of decentralized networks and the low threshold of hotspot devices have attracted a large number of users to participate. By the end of the year, the total sales of hotspot devices exceeded US$ 100 million. In, due to the low number of users using the network and the low reward of network nodes, the monthly income of a hotspot device was only US$ and it was decided to migrate to the network to get more users. At the same time, its business provides cards and free trials to its mobile phone users through its mobile phones. In the United States, it launched a monthly unlimited telephone package of US dollars covering traffic, short messages and call services. Users who buy this package can get an airdrop reward for tokens. The business is similar to the telephone package service provided by telecom operators. Users can get tokens through their business flywheel, which drives the growth of token prices to attract users through low-cost services and tokens, thus attracting them. More users pay for services. At present, tokens are only used as governance tokens. The current market value of tokens has exceeded $100 million. Users should be careful of the short-term speculation risk. It is a decentralized networking public chain, which is committed to combining the trusted hardware of blockchain network with edge computing to realize the trusted interconnection of everything, mainly by connecting billions of physical facilities and infrastructure in the real world to build products. At present, its ecology has been covered, and the current liquidity on the chain is mainly analyzed according to the data on the chain. More liquidity exists in the trading pool and its chain, mainly in the centralized exchange. Its tokens are fully circulated with a market value of about 100 million US dollars. It is an automobile Internet of Things platform that allows drivers to collect and share their vehicle data to earn tokens. Its team completed the financing of 10,000 US dollars invested by other institutions in. According to official website, the income from connecting more than 10,000 vehicles at present comes from vehicle data and paid data services provided by two users. The current market value exceeds 10,000 US dollars, and its tokens are basically fully circulated with the current price. Users with large fluctuations should pay attention to the risks in trading. It is a decentralized network designed to collect and publish low-delay real-time data streams from Internet of Things sensors, machines and other intelligent devices. According to the project relationship analysis map, it has cooperated with other data platforms at present. The current market value exceeds 10,000 US dollars, and its tokens are basically fully circulated. According to the test, there are certain centralized risks in its token contract. Compared with the traditional physical infrastructure network, it has the following advantages. The operation and maintenance cost of quick-start project is only a small part of traditional hardware facilities companies, such as telecom companies, which need to invest billions of dollars and a large number of employees to start their business. By drastically reducing the initial capital demand and token incentives, it only needs hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars to start, which reduces the barriers to entry in the industry and realizes the quick-start community at a faster speed than traditional projects. There are no users in the community who have all the hardware that constitutes the network in the first place. It is necessary to rely on companies and enterprises that are mainly interested in profits and financial reports, so that the interests of stakeholders can be consistent to promote the adoption and growth of services. Open governance of traditional infrastructure projects usually ends with a centralized entity to stipulate the terms and conditions that you can implement and use, but services that are open, democratic and easy to access can be used by anyone anywhere. Anyone can participate in and build a physical infrastructure that enables them to benefit. Summary benefits from market liquidity and sentiment. In a few weeks, Xu's recovery track and its concept project have gained great popularity and capital inflow. It is an application layer for users in the real world. It has great potential to promote to users and enterprises and enter the stage of large-scale adoption. However, users need to pay attention to the fact that for the project, the current project narrative and flywheel effect have obvious effects, and its adoption rate is closely related to the market situation. At present, it is hot and belongs to ecological projects. Part of the reason for its hot is recovery, but with the maturity of the market and the development of the project. The evaluation of the project value by exhibition users will eventually return to whether it can be profitable rather than narrative and speculation. Whether the project of the track can really run through a certain profit model and whether the security of its smart contract can develop steadily and land is still unknown. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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