Arbitrum Orbit的首条L3——XAI 正式向Optimism宣战

币圈资讯 阅读:46 2024-04-22 11:07:59 评论:0
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作者:yyy,Web3Caff华语 研究员 来源:X,@y_cryptoanalyst

聚焦Rollup赛道,Arbitrum和Optimism之间的竞争确实激烈。Optimism以其OP Stack为旗帜水平扩展,而Arbitrum则通过Arbitrum Orbit垂直开创L3的革新。

Arbitrum团队亲自参与基于Arbitrum Orbit的首条L3——XAI,正式向Optimism宣战。

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在我看来,XAI的推出对Arbitrum具有重要的战略地位,是对OP发出的正面宣战。OP借助强大的B端资源推动币安、Coinbase等基于其OP Stack构建L2链,大刀阔斧地扩展L2生态版图;而当时Arbitrum显得默默无闻,未见太大动作。在OP发展如火如荼之际,XAI的快速推出感觉并非巧合。

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Arbitrum Orbit

聊XAI之前,就不得不聊Arbitrum Orbit。

Arbitrum Orbit是通用的模块化L3堆栈,允许开发者基于其构建专用的L3链,L3上的交易将通过Arbitrum L2(Arbitrum One或Nova)进行结算。XAI正是基于Arbitrum Orbit构建的、专注于游戏场景的L3链。

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Arbitrum Nova vs. XAI

Nova是专注于游戏场景的通用L2,照理说已经可以满足游戏场景的需求了,为何还要推出XAI?理由很简单:相对于Nova游戏公用链的定位,XAI作为游戏专用L3能实现更高的性能,拥有专用的计算和存储资源。

这使得链上资源密集型用例成为可能,比如计算密集型的AI模型等。XAI将原生受益于Arbitrum的技术堆栈:Nitro+ BOLD+ Stylus。

Nitro是One的技术栈升级。通过客户端软件的基础层直接编译了Geth的核心,Geth是主流的以太坊客户端,从而实现更高的以太坊兼容性。关于Arbitrum Nitro/One/Nova的区别,之前有单独讲,此处不赘述。

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BOLD

BOLD是Arbitrum团队提出的无需许可验证机制,目的是最小化结算状态的延迟。对于乐观Rollup而言,普遍存在一周的挑战期,用户从L2提现到L1要等一周。

挑战期内验证者如果发现提交上来的L2交易有问题,可以发起挑战。这里的挑战有两个问题:1是谁有挑战的权限?2是为什么不是任何人都可以挑战?

目前的欺诈证明挑战机制并非无需许可,都是由特定的角色充当挑战者。如果挑战是无需许可的,恶意挑战者可以通过发起DDOS攻击一直不让结算状态得到确认。通过引入BOLD机制,一方面能实现验证的无需许可,更符合区块链去中心化的理念;

另一方面,能实现最小化结算状态的延迟。BOLD允许单个诚实的验证者在以太坊上与任意数量的对手进行争议时取胜,从而使DDOS攻击失效。

Stylus

Stylus是Arbitrum开发的支持多语言构建应用程序的开源SDK。这是一种实现EVM+兼容性的产品。简言之,开发人员在Arbitrum上既能使用传统Solidity语言,又能使用WASM兼容的语言,如Rust、C和C++等来构建应用程序。

此外,Stylus使Dapps的执行更加高效,显著地降低了gas成本。Stylus不局限于支持Rust、C和C++,例如Move、Sway、Cairo和Go等。试想下,以后Aptos/Fuel/StarkNet上的dApps能一键迁移至Arbitrum上。甚至可以通过Arbitrum Orbit实现一键L3链的链改。

f3GsQOrgWD7JPGhSd71pMceCMJcvROPFkDGgeaa3.png

更有趣的是,BOLD、Stylus都是通用的模块化组件;开发者基于Arbitrum Orbit启动特定用例的L3,可以原生集成BOLD、Stylus;也可以通过去中心化DAO治理的形式,在L3启动并平稳运行后再投票决定集成上述模块化组件。

XAI已经打响了Arbitrum L2保卫战的第一枪,这场跟Optimism的较量或许才刚刚开始。以上。


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