Metis：引领去中心化之路
文章作者：KevinLiu 文章编译：Block unicorn
在不断发展的区块链技术领域，去中心化的概念已经成为一个指导原则，尤其是对于以太坊而言，去中心化是与其他区块链生态系统相比的关键差异因素和优势。然而，问题从以太坊迈出第一步至今依然存在：我们如何实现去中心化？
正如在这篇文章中所述，Vitalik 提出了以太坊 Rollup 需要达到的里程碑，以实现完整功能和真正的去中心化。通过经历这些阶段，Rollup 将告别初步的发展阶段，并满足区块链三难问题中最具挑战性的一面。
Vitalik 的提议很好地概述了 “如何” ：Rollup 应该变得完全功能齐备并在技术上实现去中心化。然而，去中心化不仅仅在技术层面，它是一种复杂的体系结构，我们需要构建它。那么，“如何”才能让 Rollup 达到这个难以捉摸的去中心化目标呢？
作为 Metis 的联合创始人，随后领导着一个致力于构建基础设施以实现混合 Rollup 技术的项目（ZKM），正是这个“如何”让我夜不能寐，辗转反侧。
去中心化的阶段：战略蓝图
全面去中心化的旅程分为四个阶段：
阶段0：冷启动——为去中心化奠定基础阶段0，即“冷启动”，启动了区块链项目，并专注于建立强大的基础设施。类似于繁重的建设阶段，核心团队在开发和管理中扮演着核心角色。尽管鼓励整个社区的参与，但在这个繁重的建设阶段，掌握控制权仍然是一个挑战。
在阶段0的复杂性中，社区参与至关重要。虽然核心团队主导着繁重的建设，但项目鼓励通过投票和代币委托等活动参与社区。然而，问题在于这些活动只在有限的参数范围内，提供了一种表面上去中心化的感觉。
为了真正推动去中心化，战略性的社区参与至关重要。除了基于代币的投票之外，通过透明的沟通、教育和合作，培育真正的社区所有权也同样重要。建立一个真正投身于项目成功的社区为有意义的去中心化奠定了基础。
阶段0 简略总结：
1. 目标：为业务打下基础。
2. 重点关注：为未来的发展和去中心化努力建立坚实的基础。
3. 方法：通过建设团队，集中精力提高效率和执行力，同时让社区产生对项目的拥有感，即使这还不是字面上的所有权。
阶段1：基础设施去中心化——发挥实用代币的威力
实用代币在阶段1中发挥着双重作用。1）除了作为交易工具之外，它们还成为网络安全和去中心化的工具。2）真正的贡献者使用实用代币进行质押、挖矿、投票和治理，积极地塑造着项目的发展轨迹。
赋能真正的贡献者：协同建设的方式
阶段1宣告了一个时代，其中基础设施的建设和运营不再是中央权威的专属领域。真正的贡献者，积极促进网络增长，获得了关键流程的工具和激励。这种民主化符合去中心化原则，培育着集体所有权。
认识到基础设施去中心化的重要性至关重要。随着网络基础设施变得更加去中心化，它变得更具弹性、适应性，并能够经受住区块链技术动态领域可能出现的挑战。
通过消除单一的控制点，利用实用代币的力量，赋能真正的贡献者，区块链项目为一个更强大和参与性的生态系统奠定了基础。这种演变不是一个孤立的成就，而是通向去中心化未来的战略性垫脚石。
阶段1 简略总结：
1. 目标：消除技术上的单一控制点。
2. 重点关注：分散对关键组件的控制和所有权，利用实用代币来保护网络。
3. 方法：赋能真正的贡献者参与基础设施建设和运营，培育更具弹性和抗审查的网络。
阶段2：收入分享 - 协调利益以实现可持续增长
许多区块链项目和生态系统在处理短期代币持有者与长期利益相关者（如核心团队和主要贡献者）之间的不同目标时面临困扰。短期代币持有者优先考虑即时价格波动，寻求快速回报，而长期利益相关者则希望构建可持续的未来。
转变思维：从空投挖矿到生态系统参与
解决这些冲突的关键在于转变社区成员的思维方式。超越仅仅为了进行空投挖矿而加入生态系统的倾向，参与者必须拥抱更积极的角色，参与生态系统的增长。这种转变意味着要理解奖励是通过积极参与而非被动投机来获得的。
Metis：通过收入分享去中心化Sequencers（区块排序器）
这种变革性方法的一个生动例子是Metis决定去中心化其Sequencer（排序器）。Metis采用了与所有节点运营商进行收入分享的模式，创造了一个体系，使代币持有者可以质押其资产以赚取收入和挖矿奖励。这种方法建立了社区参与、质押以确保网络安全和Metis网络整体价值之间的直接关系。
生态系统的增长和利益相关者的受益
这种模式之美在于其自我强化的特性。更活跃的节点和增加的社区参与导致更高水平的质押，增强了网络的安全性。随着Metis生态系统的扩张，吸引更多的dApp和建设者，网络的整体价值也在增长。因此，无论是短期还是长期的利益相关者，都从生态系统的繁荣中受益。
协调的兴趣：可持续发展的前提
阶段2专注于协调生态系统中所有相关方的利益。通过激励积极参与和贡献，而非被动投机，区块链项目可以培育一个真正致力于网络长期成功的社区。从短期收益到可持续增长的集体愿景的转变确保了所有利益相关者的利益得到协调，为可持续发展奠定了基础。
收入分享不仅是一种分发奖励的机制；它是一股变革的力量，重塑社区动态并协调各方利益。正如Metis所展示的那样，这种方法为一个去中心化的生态系统设定了舞台，在这里，每个参与者不仅仅是受益者，而且是项目共同成功的积极贡献者。
阶段2简略总结：
1. 目标：协调短期代币持有者和长期建设者的利益。
2. 重点关注：引入收入分享机制，激励积极的社区参与。
3. 方法：将社区思维从短期收益转变为积极参与生态系统增长，例如Metis的模式，其中收入分享鼓励协作和贡献。
阶段3：全面治理 - 用双层治理应对复杂性
整个旅程的最终目标是建立一个全面的治理结构，协调更广泛社区、小型代币持有者和关键利益相关者的利益。虽然基于代币数量的投票权可能面临被大额持有者主导的风险，但需要一种更为微妙的方法。解决方案在于从现代政治结构中汲取灵感，创建一个双层治理系统，确保包容性并平衡各种利益相关者的影响力。
解决大户难题
这个阶段的挑战是双重的：赋予小型代币持有者影响生态系统决策的能力，同时防止大额代币持有者的不当影响。一个仅基于代币数量的传统单层治理结构可能会无意中偏向鲸鱼（大户），掩盖了较小贡献者和社区成员的声音。
Metis的双层治理模型：Commons和Eco Nodes
Metis的双层治理模型包括Commons和Eco Nodes。Commons类似于去中心化自治组织（DAO），每个社区成员都可以创建、加入和形成兴趣小组。
Commons的工作方式类似于大多数西方政治结构中的议会。在Commons中，小型代币持有者汇集其投票权，集体质押到治理平台上，从而增强其影响力。这种集体力量使得较小的代币持有者在决策过程中有更为实质性的发言权，平衡了巨大鲸鱼的影响。
Commons作为第一层治理：一个民主的论坛
在Commons中，成员可以提交提案，参与辩论，并共同决定影响生态系统的事项。这个充满活力和包容性的空间确保了即使是小型代币持有者也能积极参与并为项目的治理做出贡献。由Commons批准的提案随后进入第二层治理。
Eco Nodes作为第二层：长期利益的守护者
Eco Nodes构成了治理的上层；它们由核心建设者、贡献者和深度投身于生态系统的长期成功和增长的利益相关者组成。Eco Nodes的运作方式类似于大多数西方政治结构中的参议院。与Commons不同，Eco Nodes承担着双重责任 - 验证提案并采取决定性行动。他们的投票权不仅仅由代币数量确定；相反，它是根据声望权力进行精密调整的。声望权力是通过过去的贡献赢得的，创造了一个更为精英主义的系统。
平衡与确保问责制
双层治理模型通过使小型代币持有者共同影响决策，同时使Eco Nodes充当守门人，审查提案的合理性和长期可行性，保持了微妙的平衡。该系统被设计为灵活的，允许在满足特定标准时Commons发展为Eco Nodes，而在发生恶意行为时Eco Nodes可能会受到惩罚。这种权衡方法确保了问责制，并促进了一个充满活力和响应迅速的治理结构。
通过在Commons中利用集体影响力，并融入Eco Nodes的智慧和经验，Metis旨在确保所有利益相关者公平、透明地代表。这种创新的治理结构表明对真正去中心化和社区赋权的承诺。
阶段3简略总结：
1. 目标：为不同类型的利益相关者建立合适的结构。
2. 重点关注：创建一个双层治理模型，平衡各种利益相关者的影响，包括小型代币持有者和关键贡献者。
3. 方法：建立Commons层以进行社区参与和提案批准，以及Eco Nodes层进行验证和决策，确保一个公平、负责任的治理结构。
总结：
时机已经到来，从里程碑的普遍扩展讨论转向通向去中心化之路上具体而独特的步骤。成为第一个去中心化其Sequencer（排序器）并分享收入的Optimistic Rollup就是其中之一。另一个是一个双层治理结构，将区块链项目的核心团队的利益与代币持有者社区的利益相一致。
通过追随这些步骤，我们可以和谐地领导去中心化和增长似乎相冲突的目标。我迫不及待地想看到其他区块链项目，在他们自己的旅程上提出的新鲜思路。
The concept of decentralization has become a guiding principle in the ever-developing blockchain technology field, especially for Ethereum, decentralization is a key difference factor and advantage compared with other blockchain ecosystems. However, the problem still exists from the first step of Ethereum. As mentioned in this article, we put forward the milestones that Ethereum needs to achieve in order to achieve complete functions and real decentralization. The proposal to bid farewell to the initial development stage and meet the most challenging aspect of the three difficult problems of blockchain well outlines how to become fully functional and technically decentralized. However, decentralization is not only a technical level, but it is a complex architecture. We need to build it, so how can we achieve this elusive decentralization goal? The co-founder of the company then leads a project dedicated to building infrastructure to realize mixed technology. It is this stage of decentralization that keeps me awake at night. The strategic blueprint is divided into four stages: the cold start lays the foundation for decentralization, that is, the cold start starts the blockchain project and focuses on building a strong infrastructure, which is similar to the heavy construction stage. The core team plays a central role in development and management. Although the whole community is encouraged to participate, it is still a challenge to master control in this heavy construction stage. The complexity of the stage. Community participation is very important. Although the core team dominates the heavy construction, the project encourages participation in the community through voting and token entrustment. However, the problem is that these activities only provide a seemingly centralized feeling within a limited range of parameters. In order to really promote decentralized strategic community participation, it is very important to cultivate real community ownership through transparent communication, education and cooperation, and it is also important to establish a truly dedicated project. A successful community lays the foundation for meaningful decentralization, briefly summarizes the objectives, lays the foundation for business, and focuses on establishing a solid foundation for future development and decentralization efforts. By building teams, we can concentrate on improving efficiency and execution, and at the same time let the community have a sense of ownership of the project, even if this is not a literal ownership stage, infrastructure decentralization will give full play to the power of practical tokens. Besides being trading tools, practical tokens also play a dual role in the stage. Become a tool for network security and decentralization. Real contributors use practical tokens for pledge mining, voting and governance, which actively shapes the development track of the project, empowers real contributors to cooperate in construction, and declares an era in which the construction and operation of infrastructure are no longer the exclusive domain of central authority. Real contributors actively promote network growth, obtain tools and incentives for key processes, and this democratization conforms to the principle of decentralization, cultivating the foundation of collective ownership and understanding. The importance of decentralization of facilities is very important. As the network infrastructure becomes more decentralized, it becomes more flexible and adaptable and can withstand the possible challenges in the dynamic field of blockchain technology. By eliminating a single control point and using the power of practical tokens to empower real contributors, blockchain projects have laid the foundation for a stronger and more participatory ecosystem. This evolution is not an isolated achievement, but a strategic stepping stone to the decentralized future. The single control point in standard elimination technology focuses on decentralized control and ownership of key components, using practical tokens to protect the network method, empowering real contributors to participate in infrastructure construction and operation, cultivating more flexible and anti-censorship network stage, revenue sharing and coordinating interests to achieve sustainable growth, and many blockchain projects and ecosystems face difficulties in dealing with different goals between short-term token holders and long-term stakeholders, such as core teams and major contributors. Some people give priority to immediate price fluctuations and seek quick returns, while long-term stakeholders hope to build a sustainable future. The key to solving these conflicts is to change the way of thinking of community members beyond the tendency to join the ecosystem just for air-drop mining. Participants must embrace a more active role and participate in the growth of the ecosystem. This change means understanding that rewards are obtained through active participation rather than passive speculation. A vivid example of the revolutionary method of decentralized block sorter is the decision to decentralize. Its sorter adopts the mode of revenue sharing with all node operators, creating a system that enables token holders to pledge their assets to earn income and mining incentives. This method establishes community participation pledge to ensure the direct relationship between network security and the overall value of the network, the growth of the ecosystem and the benefits of stakeholders. The beauty of this model lies in its self-reinforcement. More active nodes and increased community participation lead to a higher level of pledge, which enhances the security of the network. With the expansion of the ecosystem, more and more builders are attracted, and the overall value of the network is also growing. Therefore, both short-term and long-term stakeholders benefit from the prosperity of the ecosystem. The prerequisite stage of sustainable development is to focus on coordinating the interests of all stakeholders in the ecosystem. Blockchain projects can be cultivated by encouraging active participation and contribution rather than passive speculation. The transformation of the collective vision of a community that is truly committed to the long-term success of the network from short-term benefits to sustainable growth ensures that the interests of all stakeholders are coordinated and lays the foundation for sustainable development. Income sharing is not only a mechanism for distributing rewards, but also a force for change, reshaping community dynamics and coordinating the interests of all parties. As shown, this method sets the stage for a decentralized ecosystem, where each participant is not only a beneficiary but also a project partner. Summarize the goal briefly with the successful positive contributors, and coordinate the interests of short-term token holders and long-term builders, focusing on introducing income sharing mechanism to encourage active community participation, and transforming community thinking from short-term benefits to active participation in ecosystem growth, for example, in which income sharing encourages cooperation and contribution stage, comprehensive governance is used to deal with complexity. The ultimate goal of the whole journey is to establish a comprehensive governance structure to coordinate the interests of small token holders and key stakeholders in a wider community, although voting rights based on the number of tokens may face the risk of being dominated by large holders. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台
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