读懂Botanix：比特币上首个完全去中心化的EVM等效L2
作者：Aylo ，alpha please作者；编译：比特币买卖交易网xiaozou
Botanix是一个相当于比特币L2的EVM。他们目前在测试网上发布了一个完全可使用的产品，我认为这将是今年最令人兴奋的比特币相关发布中的一个。
我与Botanix Labs创始人Willem Schroe聊了聊，更好地理解了他的BTC L2观点。
Botanix背景介绍
Botanix Labs正在比特币上构建首个完全去中心化的EVM等效L2，EVM的易用性和多功能与比特币的去中心化和安全性结合在一起。
利用比特币的工作量证明（PoW）作为基础结算和去中心化的L1，Botanix将使用一个权益证明共识模型，其中权益（表示为比特币）安全地存储在Spiderchain上，Spiderchain是个由一群随机参与者保护的去中心化多签组成的分布式网络。你将能够在比特币网络上质押比特币。
1、跟我们说说你自己，还有你是怎么想到开发Botanix的？
我在比利时长大，后来成为比利时的全国数学冠军。然后我读完了电气工程学士和硕士学位。比利时实际上在密码学领域享有很高的声誉，所以我的硕士学位实际上是研究密码学的。我的最终研究方向是身份验证加密，甚至设法破解了一些加密算法。当时，我并没有意识到密码学还会再次进入我的职业生涯。
毕业后，我在化工行业工作了六年，移居沙特阿拉伯两年。在中东，特别是在黎巴嫩看到恶性通货膨胀时，我完全理解了加密货币的重要性。所以我申请了哈佛商学院，这是我通向美国的大门。
在哈佛，我形成了Botanix观点，并自那之后一直没有变。一年半前，我试图了解加密基础设施的发展方向。有趣的是，15年后，关于基础设施的理论还在不断变化。然而，我们的想法很简单。我们认为比特币是一种纯粹去中心化的、安全的货币形式，而几乎没有任何效用基于其上。所以你就有了一个巨大的休眠资金池，等待着在它上面进行一些开发建设。
然而，在比特币网络上进行开发是出了名的困难，人人都知道这一点。与此同时，在比特币之外，还有大量的实用程序和应用程序，其中许多都形成了产品市场契合度，创造出了巨大的价值。
我意识到这些都是建立在所谓的虚拟机上的。虚拟机本质上就是一个软件层，遵循相同的软件技术原理。我意识到EVM（以太坊虚拟机）是所有虚拟机中最突出的，分布最广泛。在软件技术竞争中，分布是最重要的。回头看80年代的Windows，你知道它并不是最好的技术，也不是最安全的，但它的分布范围却是迄今最大的。
分布一直是软件技术竞争的关键所在。因此，虽然比特币作为一种货币形式可能会获胜，但EVM却是获胜的虚拟机。这导致了在比特币上进行L2建设的想法，将我们与其他人区分开来。这个想法是在一年半前形成的，我们首先花了六个月时间重新钻研密码学，然后在比特币上开发了一个完全去中心化的L2，我们称之为Spiderchain。Spiderchain就是得以构建该L2的技术。
我们收到了来自比特币社区的许多人的积极反馈和评论。我们在9月份开始正式开发，于11月份发布了我们的公共测试网，现在正准备发布主网。我相信我们是唯一一个真正推出了可投入使用的完全端到端产品。
2、能给我们介绍一下Botanix的工作原理吗？
我们与EVM完全等效，所以任何在EVM上运作的东西，你都可以通过复制粘贴，让其在Botanix上工作，整个过程都在比特币上进行。一旦你连接了MetaMask，就会生成一个比特币存款地址。这看起来像一个普通的比特币地址，但实际上，它是一种特殊类型的地址，在Taproot中，我们对你的EVM地址进行编码。
这意味着从现在开始，这个比特币地址与我们从你的MetaMask中获取的EVM地址是唯一相连的。我们之所以这么做是因为我们看到了Stacks和Rootstock的所作所为，看到了他们的错误出在哪里。我们想让人们尽可能轻松地登录比特币的第二层，所以当进行比特币到Botanix的桥接时，感觉就像以太坊到Arbitrum等L2的桥接一样容易。
基本上，使用这个地址，你现在就可以直接从Coinbase、Kraken或任何交易所将比特币发送到这个比特币存款地址，你的MetaMask中就会有比特币了。这之后，你会感觉就像在以太坊上，只不过你使用的是比特币。
3、你认为Botanix会吸引哪些用户，以太坊L2用户还是比特币原生用户？
我认为答案是两者都有。在加密领域，人们经常将比特币和以太坊进行比较，人们在意识形态上分出了阵营。有些人更喜欢比特币，因为它代表着完全去中心化的货币，这对他们来说是最重要的。其他人则倾向于以太坊，认为效用高于一切。然而，我相信最终两个阵营里都会有Botanix用户。
我知道很多比特币持有者都想用他们的比特币来赚取收益。但没有什么东西能让他们做到这一点。我知道很多人想把他们的比特币用于perps去中心化交易所等等，但比特币上没有原生的访问途径。所以，这基本上允许任何在以太坊上达到产品市场契合度的应用程序也能在比特币上达到产品市场契合度。我一直这样认为，即使是比特币持有者也是人，在行为方面不免与其他人差不多。因此，任何在以太坊上已经达到产品市场契合度的产品也可以在比特币上达到产品市场契合度，只是没有基础设施来真正做到这一点。
我认为，ordinals和BRC-20表明，许多比特币爱好者也想要从事各种活动，但目前，没有什么是适合他们的。我观察到的是，在过去的几个月里，我们一直在进行大规模的业务开发，从开发者的角度来看，如果你是一个以太坊dApp，你选择部署在Arbitrum或以太坊上，你将面临巨大的竞争，争夺相同的用户和资金。另外，部署在Botanix上可以让你有机会成为整个比特币市场的先行者，吸引所有想要用比特币做点什么的比特币爱好者。
我认为实际上将有70%的人或资本来自原生比特币，所有在比特币上等待发挥用武之地的沉睡资本都将来自那里，其他资本将来自以太坊。
4、开发人员是否也会有兴趣在Botanix上开发原生应用？
Bitzy团队正在建设一个非常新颖的DEX，使用V2前端，但后端使用V3聚合器，逻辑上类似于以太坊DEX。Vertex团队正在开发新一代应用程序，改进现有证明模型。其他知名的Perps去中心化交易所也在考虑相关部署。
Palladium将宣布一种由比特币支持的稳定币，这本身就是一个巨大的应用。许多人试图基于比特币创建一种稳定币，但目前还没有实现。然而，以太坊上最大的包装比特币应用本质上就是拥有包装比特币支持的稳定币，就像带DAI的MakerDAO一样，但在比特币上进行原生的去中心化更有意义。因此，Palladium团队正在进入这一领域：在比特币上拥有比特币支持的稳定币。
然后，还有很多不同的借贷协议。比特币最明显的用例是那些已经在以太坊上显现产品市场契合度的用例。一些人正在考虑探险独特的比特币领域（如挖矿哈希率）。还有一些人对构建大宗商品DEX感兴趣，这可能更符合比特币爱好者及其对宏观经济的兴趣。但大部分人是想将以太坊上具有产品市场契合度的应用程序带到比特币。
5、人们可以在Botanix上使用BRC-20吗？
你可能已经知道了，目前BRC-20的用户体验非常糟糕。从本质上讲，你能够做的就是通过一个跨链桥从比特币的主要层转移到Botanix的第二层，然后你就可以开始在DEX上进行区块交易和交易协议，基本上你可以访问整个ERC-20 DeFi生态系统。
6、你想要与高吞吐量的链竞争吗？或者说你想开拓自己的利基市场吗？
这是一个非常好的问题。答案是不。我认为改变游戏规则的是我们在比特币上提供基础设施。实际上，Spiderchain的设计更像以太坊。我们能够支持1万到10万个不同的完整节点，任何人都可以加入网络，质押比特币，运行一个完整节点。因此，这对比特币爱好者来说也更有吸引力，他们更喜欢去中心化。
这是改变游戏规则的关键。区块链的三难困境表明，如果你追求大规模的高吞吐量，就会限制你的去中心化特性。在Botanix的第二层，我们基本上遵循了以太坊的愿景，需要更多的硬件，但仍然运行在9-10秒的区块上，去中心化程度非常高。这种愿景更倾向于去中心化，而非大规模的高吞吐量。我们相信这是我们获得比特币社区大力支持的主要原因之一。我们在去中心化方面的坚定立场得到了比特币社区的广泛认可。
7、Botanix的收费情况如何？
费用很低。目前的rollup本质上中心化程度很高，这导致了各种问题和更高的费用。为了具有抗审查性，具有活跃度和单边退出能力，它们需要将数据拉回第1层，增加第2层的成本。相比之下，我们是完全去中心化的，任何人都可以运行一个完整节点，解决这些问题。因此，我们的L2费用将非常低，因为我们不需要将数据发布回比特币主层，而将数据发布回主层是非常昂贵的。
8、速度怎么样？
Botanix像以太坊一样进行了优化。就区块链的三难困境和快速而言，我们在本质上就像一个以太坊。然而，有可能构建一个L3甚至L2.5层，直接连接到作为基础层的比特币，并实现大规模的快速度。然后，EVM将充当数据可用性层。Spiderchain本质上是你在基础层去中心化比特币的方式。它类似于EigenLayer的设计，只不过是在比特币上，所以我们可以确保非常快速的rollup。这是个长期愿景。那之后，你就可以在比特币上实现非常快速的rollup。
9、你认为比特币网络上的“沉睡资本”有多大？
基本的想法是，比特币的总市值是以太坊的三倍或四倍。最初的统计数据显示，实际上，ordinals和BRC-20也或多或少比在以太坊上首爆时的NFT市场大三倍。
我们还认为，比特币上的DeFi市场规模也将扩大三倍。我认为，在万亿美元的市值中，考虑到ETF、长期持有者钱包中的所有比特币，以及大约20%的极端比特币Maxis（他们不想用自己的比特币做任何事），将有大约30%的比特币供应被打开。当考虑到比特币是一项万亿美元规模的资产时，DeFi的市场规模就很容易达到1000亿美元了。
The author compiles that the Bitcoin trading network is equivalent to Bitcoin. They have released a fully usable product on the test network at present. I think this will be one of the most exciting bitcoin-related releases this year. I chatted with the founder to better understand his point of view. The background introduction is that the first completely decentralized equivalent usability and versatility are being built on Bitcoin, combined with the decentralization and security of Bitcoin, and the workload of Bitcoin is used as a proof. The basic settlement and decentralization will use a consensus model of rights proof, in which rights are represented as bitcoin, which is securely stored on the Internet. It is a distributed network composed of decentralized multi-signatures protected by a group of random participants. You will be able to pledge bitcoin on the bitcoin network. Tell us about yourself and how you came up with the development. I grew up in Belgium and later became a national mathematics champion in Belgium. Then I finished my bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering. Belgium actually took the lead in cryptography. Domain enjoys a high reputation, so my master's degree is actually about cryptography. My final research direction is authentication encryption and even managed to crack some encryption algorithms. At that time, I didn't realize that cryptography would enter my career again. After graduation, I worked in the chemical industry for six years and moved to Saudi Arabia for two years. When I saw hyperinflation in the Middle East, especially in Lebanon, I fully understood the importance of cryptocurrency, so I applied for Harvard Business School, which was my way to the United States. I formed my opinion at Harvard, and it hasn't changed since then. A year and a half ago, I tried to understand the development direction of encryption infrastructure. Interestingly, the theory about infrastructure is still changing after the year. However, our idea is simple. We think that Bitcoin is a purely decentralized and safe currency form with almost no effect based on it, so you have a huge dormant fund pool waiting for some development and construction on it. However, on the Bitcoin network, Everyone knows that it is notoriously difficult to develop. At the same time, besides Bitcoin, there are a large number of practical programs and applications, many of which have formed a product market fit and created great value. I realize that these virtual machines are built on the so-called virtual machines, which are essentially a software layer following the same software technology principles. I realize that Ethereum virtual machine is the most prominent and widely distributed among all virtual machines, and it is the most important in software technology competition. Looking back at the time, you know that it is not the best technology or the safest, but its distribution range is the largest so far, which has always been the key to the competition of software technology. Therefore, although Bitcoin may win as a currency form, it is a winning virtual machine, which leads to the idea of building on Bitcoin, which distinguishes us from others. This idea was formed a year and a half ago. We first spent six months re-studying cryptography and then developing it on Bitcoin. We have developed a completely decentralized technology that we call to be able to build it. We have received positive feedback and comments from many people in the Bitcoin community. We started formal development in January and released our public test network in February. Now we are preparing to release the main network. I believe we are the only one who has really launched a completely end-to-end product that can be put into use. Can you tell us about the working principle? We are completely equivalent, so anything that works on the Internet can be copied. Paste to make it work on the Internet. The whole process is done on Bitcoin. Once you connect it, a bitcoin deposit address will be generated. It looks like an ordinary bitcoin address, but in fact it is a special type of address. We encode your address in it, which means that from now on, this bitcoin address is only connected with the address we obtained from your account. We do this because we have seen what Yihe did and what their mistakes are. We want people to log in to the second layer of Bitcoin as easily as possible, so it feels as easy as bridging from the Ethereum to the Internet. Basically, you can send Bitcoin to this bitcoin deposit address directly from or any exchange now, and then you will feel like you are in the Ethereum, except that you are using bitcoin. Which users do you think will attract? Ethereum users or bitcoin native users? The answer is that there are both. In the field of encryption, people often compare Bitcoin with Ethereum. People are divided into camps ideologically. Some people prefer Bitcoin because it represents a completely decentralized currency, which is the most important thing for them. Others prefer Ethereum to think that utility is above all else. However, I believe that there will be users in both camps in the end. I know that many Bitcoin holders want to make money with their Bitcoin, but nothing can make them do it. I know that many people want to use their bitcoin for decentralized exchanges and so on, but there is no native access to bitcoin, so this basically allows any application that has achieved product market fit in the Ethereum to achieve product market fit in Bitcoin. I have always thought that even bitcoin holders are human beings, so any product that has achieved product market fit in the Ethereum can also be achieved in Bitcoin. The product market fit is just that there is no infrastructure to really do this. I think and show that many bitcoin lovers also want to engage in various activities, but nothing is suitable for them at present. What I have observed is that in the past few months, we have been conducting large-scale business development. From the developer's point of view, if you are an Ethereum, you will face great competition for the same users and funds, and deploying it on the Internet will give you the opportunity to become. The pioneer of the whole bitcoin market attracts all bitcoin enthusiasts who want to do something with bitcoin. I think that in fact, some people or capital will come from native bitcoin, and all the sleeping capital waiting to be used in bitcoin will come from there. Will other capital come from Ethereum developers? Will the native application team be interested in developing online? A very novel front-end application team is being built, but the back-end application aggregator is logically similar to Ethereum team. Other well-known decentralized exchanges are also considering related deployment and will announce a new generation of applications to improve the existing proof model. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台
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