一文读懂 ZK 模块化新星 Lumoz
With the rapid penetration of modular blockchain pairs, the maturity of various tools and the implementation of Cancun upgrade, the construction threshold has been greatly reduced, and technology is no longer the main obstacle to construction. In addition, emerging projects, such as low-cost construction by using existing tools and shifting the focus of projects to ecological construction, have achieved rapid rise, setting a benchmark model for the market, and the transformation of traditional applications and the outbreak of various lightweight seems to have become an irreversible trend. There has long been a dispute over the technical route. I have repeatedly expressed my short-term and long-term views, because there are still many problems to be solved in technology, and with the progress of technology, the related infrastructure is becoming more and more mature. It is very likely that the scheme will occupy an important market share in the future blowout, and as a dedicated leading provider, it has great potential to succeed in the near future. The basic principle of harmony from the perspective of modularity may be clear to readers. Here, we will understand again from the perspective of modularity. The optimal allocation of industrial resources enables different participants to focus on one task, thus improving the overall efficiency. The modular composition of Ethereum can be simply disassembled into data availability layer, consensus layer, settlement layer, execution layer, execution layer, which provides an execution environment to calculate transactions, convert old state into new state and submit new state to settlement layer, and submit fraud validity certificates at the same time. The execution layer can be further divided into and responsible for calculating state conversion and generating certificates, especially for the reasons that. In order to generate proof that there is a certain requirement for hardware, the settlement layer verifies the correctness of the state transition calculated by the execution layer. Generally, the intelligent contract deployed on the platform verifies that the state hash of the verified block will be recorded on the chain. At this time, the generated block will obtain the final certainty. For me, the contract will verify the submission and ensure that the state hash is submitted to the contract after the execution is completed and trigger the verification transaction. When the verification passes, the state hash is proved to be effective and the block will obtain the final certainty. In most cases, the state hash verified by the consensus layer by the consensus layer will be recorded on the chain, which corresponds to the secure data availability layer that has been protected in the above transaction block. The transaction layer can be an equal dedicated layer or a centralized data availability committee, which reserves the transaction data in the block and provides it for anyone to rebuild at any time. Although it has many advantages and is regarded as a long-term expansion plan of Ethereum, it faces many technical difficulties. The possibility of large-scale adoption at present is made, such as the high cost and complexity of calculation, which may lead to centralization, etc. The production of the most popular algorithm is actually to transform the execution process of the program into a verifiable proposition, which will be abstracted into a polynomial equation set. In order to prove the correctness of the execution of the program, pairing operations are needed on the elliptic curve. These algebraic operations require high hardware and may lead to ordinary. It is difficult for hardware to complete these calculations within a reasonable time, especially when dealing with a large number of transactions. It takes much longer to generate a certificate than to execute the original program. According to the complexity of implementation and transaction, the time to generate a certificate may be hundreds to thousands of times of the original calculation time. The high hardware requirements for calculation may lead to centralization. Due to the high calculation cost and hardware requirements, small-scale operators may not be able to afford the investment needed to become certifiers, which will lead to only a few having high performance. Participants in computing resources can effectively generate proofs, which may be contrary to the decentralization spirit of blockchain and lead to a single point of failure and too complicated review risk. In terms of design compatibility, the compatible zero-knowledge proof technology was not initially considered. In order to enable any program to be executed, it is necessary to create corresponding mathematical representation and proof logic for each opcode by generating effective proofs, which requires not only complex cryptographic transformation but also compatibility with existing smart contracts. Sex poses a challenge. The realization requires a lot of mathematical modeling of opcodes to convert program execution into a form that can be proved. This includes the flexibility and complexity of the simulated state transition, memory operation and contract call. This is an extremely difficult task, and at the same time, it is also a challenge to ensure that it can generate small verifiable proofs. How to solve the popularization bottleneck is a decentralized service platform and a network for support. In order to solve a series of challenges, the concept of mining is introduced. This service allows developers to start their chains within one minute without detailed understanding or chain nodes. The concept is also introduced to invite miners to participate in maintenance and calculation. The goal is to simplify the use and promote its wider adoption, thus promoting the large-scale deployment of application chains based on. Developers can deploy their chains by clicking a button. For miners, as a multi-chain protocol, it supports mining on various public chains. The problem of computing power and centralization is essentially a problem that computing power requires high hardware threshold, which leads to centralization. Using mechanism to motivate miners to provide computing power and provide comprehensive hardware infrastructure is one of the core concepts. All participants, including users, developers and miners, can benefit from the large-scale application of the economic model. The use of existing hardware resources is in the transition from Ethereum to many Ethereum. Mining machines have lost their application scenarios. The value of these mining machines is about $100 million in capital scale. At present, many of them are idle. With the large-scale implementation and generation, a large number of hardware and mining machines are needed, such as providing algorithms to optimize computing power, reducing the threshold of miners' participation and improving the efficiency of expansion. A two-step submission mechanism for verification is proposed to reduce the threshold of miners' participation. Submission and submission optimization generation algorithms improve the efficiency of proof. The team further improved the recursive aggregation algorithm and improved the utilization of machine resources in the cluster. Speed up the calculation. In the stress test, it is shown that using a machine cluster composed of 10 machines can maintain the rate of 10 transactions per second in about minutes. These improvements have significantly improved the generation efficiency, solved the development threshold, provided one-click generation service for all users, and reduced the cost and improved the interoperability chain. Further optimization of the chain based on the construction of the chain, the mixed consensus model is used to support the network and project optimization performance and realize the decentralized scheme to improve efficiency and security. The market pattern and unique entry point have become increasingly fierce in the modular track market competition. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台
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