(二)区块链的认识,理解“区块”和“链”
区块链的基本三个概念:
The basic three concepts of the block chain xff1a;
① 交易(transaction):一次对账本的操作,导致账本状态的一次改变,如添加一条转账记录;
1 transaction & #xff08; transaction & #xff09; & #xff1a; operation of one reconciliation & #xff0c; one change in the status of the account xff0c; e.g., by adding a transfer record xff1b;
? ? ?
这是我在以太坊浏览器(https://etherscan.io)随机截取一条以太坊交易信息,结合前面的的标签我相信大家应该不难看懂这张截图内容。这是一张比银行转账单都还要更详细的交易信息。从这里面我们可以获取到所有我们想要的信息,包括交易发起人,接收人,交易ETH数额(Token数额),时间,交易状态(成功 or 失败)等信息。
This is what I'm doing with the Taiwan Browser & #xff08; ) randomly intercepting an EP transaction information & #xff0c; combined with the previous labels, I believe that you should not be hard to read. This is a transaction information that is more detailed than a bank transfer list. From this we can get all the information we want xff0c; xff0c; recipient #xff0c; transaction amount xff08; Token #xff09; #xff0c; time#xff0c; status ff08; success or #xff09; etc.
② 块(block):记录一段时间内发生的所有交易和状态结果,是对当前账本状态的一次共识;
2 pieces xff08; Blockxff09; xff1a; recording results of all transactions and status over time xff0c; a common understanding of the current account book status xff1b;
这是一张“区块”的所有详细信息截图,包括时间,交易数,区块hash,上个区块hash(索引),随机数,大小等信息。
This is a screenshot of all details of a block xff0c; including time xff0c; 已经打包好的“区块”中的信息,是已经在经过矿工打包并确认有效的交易信息,已经打包好的“区块”中的数据是不可篡改的
Note xff1a;
这是一个区块列表,显示了每个“区块”的基本信息,时间,数量,块高度。需要注意的是,
This is a block list xff0c; basic information for each block xff0c; time xff0c; quantity xff0c; block height. Note xff0c;
区块的生成时间是不固定的
区块高度是按顺序生成的,结合“区块信息”中的“Parent Hash”保留对上级索引
block height is xff0c in sequence; with "Parent Hash" in Block Information, retain a superior index
这样按序串联成“链”。
This is a sequenced chain.
如果把区块链作为一个状态机,则每次交易就是试图改变一次状态,而每次共识生成的区块,就是参与者对于区块中交易导致状态改变的结果进行确认。
If the block chain is used as a status machine & #xff0c; each transaction is an attempt to change the status & #xff0c; each consensus creates a block & #xff0c; and participants confirm the result of the change of status resulting from the transaction in the block.
在实现上,首先假设存在一个分布式的数据记录账本,这个账本只允许添加、不允许删除。账本底层的基本结构是一个线性的链表,这也是其名字“区块链”的来源。链表由一个个“区块”串联组成(如图2-1所示),后继区块记录前导区块的哈希值(pre hash)。新的数据要加入,必须放到一个新的区块中。而这个块(以及块里的交易)是否合法,可以通过计算哈希值的方式快速检验出来。任意维护节点都可以提议一个新的合法区块,然而必须经过一定的共识机制来对最终选择的区块达成一致。?
To achieve xff0c; first, to assume the existence of a distributed data log book xff0c; this account book only allows for additions and not for deletion. The base structure of the ledger is a linear chain table xff0c; this is the source of its name, the block chain. The chain table consists of xff08; xff09; xff0c, as shown in figure 2-1; xff0c; xff0c; xff0c) for subsequent block records; xff08; hashxff09; xy; xff0c; for new data to be added; must be placed in a new block. This block xff08; xff09; xff09 in a block; can be quickly tested by calculating the Hashi value.
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