英美探索数字货币发行和监管

　　目前，全球多国央行都在探索数字货币的发行和监管。近日，英国政府表示正在研究引入英国官方数字货币的相关事宜，而美国或将进一步加强对数字加密货币的监管。与此同时，前一段时间显著走高的加密货币价格近期出现暴跌，专家警示未来或将面临更大风险。

In recent days, the British government has indicated that it is studying the introduction of British official digital currencies, while the US may further strengthen its regulation of digitally encrypted currencies. At the same time, the price of encrypted currencies, which was significantly higher in the previous period, has recently fallen sharply, with experts warning that the future may be at greater risk.

　　英国考虑发行数字货币

United Kingdom is considering issuing a digital currency

　　据法新社报道，当地时间4月19日，英国财政大臣里希·苏纳克在一个金融技术行业会议上说，将在财政部和英国央行之间联合成立一个央行数字货币（CBDC）工作组，以协调开发央行数字货币的相关探索工作。

According to Agence France Presse, on 19 April local time, British Treasury Secretary Rich Sunak stated at a financial technology industry meeting that a central bank digital currency (CBDC) working group would be established jointly between the Treasury Department and the British Central Bank to coordinate the exploration of the development of a central bank digital currency.

　　英国央行在一份声明中表示，任何央行数字货币都可能是一种新型的数字货币形式，家庭和企业都可以使用。英国央行补充称，目前政府和英国央行尚未决定是否在英国引入央行数字货币，将就其好处、风险、可行性与利益相关者进行广泛接触。央行数字货币将与现金和银行存款并存，而不是取代它们。与此同时，英国央行还将考虑数字货币对数据和隐私的影响。

In a statement, the British Central Bank states that any central bank digital currency may be a new type of digital currency that can be used by households and businesses. The British Central Bank adds that the Government and the British Central Bank have yet to decide whether to introduce a central bank digital currency in the United Kingdom and will engage extensively with stakeholders on its benefits, risks, and feasibility.

　　英国央行称，他们还将评估央行数字货币的设计特点，并监测其他央行数字货币的发展，以确保英国　“始终处于全球创新的前沿”，其愿景是建立一个更开放、更绿色、技术更先进的金融服务部门，以促进成长中的金融科技，推动数字金融的边界，并使金融市场更加高效。

According to the British Central Bank, they will also assess the design characteristics of central banks’ digital currencies and monitor the development of other central banks’ digital currencies to ensure that the United Kingdom is “always at the forefront of global innovation” with a vision of a more open, greener and technologically advanced financial services sector that promotes growing financial technology, promotes digital finance boundaries and makes financial markets more efficient.

　　苏纳克随后在社交媒体将英国央行数字货币称为“英国币”（Britcoin）。苏纳克表示：“我们还将为采用分布式分类账技术等技术创新的企业建立一个新的金融市场基础设施‘沙箱’。”

Sunak then referred to the British Central Bank's digital currency as “Britcoin” in social media.

　　据悉，英国央行副行长坎利夫和财政部金融服务总监凯瑟琳·布拉迪克将共同担任特别工作组的主席。该工作组的主要目标为协同探索英国数字货币的目标、使用场景、机会与风险；为设立数字货币的目标提供清晰指引，并对整体目标进行全面、严格的评估；监控国际央行数字货币的发展。

According to reports, the British Central Bank Vice-President, Kanlev, and the Financial Services Director of the Ministry of Finance, Catherine Bradick, will co-chair the task force. The main objectives of the task force are to explore, in a coordinated manner, the goals, scenarios, opportunities and risks of the United Kingdom’s digital currency; to provide clear guidelines for the goal of establishing a digital currency and to conduct a comprehensive and rigorous assessment of the overall objective; and to monitor the development of the international central bank’s digital currency.

　　分析认为，在新冠肺炎疫情流行期间，由于人们试图避免接触现金，现金的使用有所下降，全球多国央行正在考虑是否创建数字货币。由于比特币的设计初衷是去中心化，以致公司或政府很难控制，但由各央行创建的数字货币却将给政府更多的金融控制权，使其更容易跟踪金融交易。根据国际清算银行的数据，过去一年，有60多个国家对国家数字货币进行了实验，略高于一年前的40多个。

Analysis suggests that, during the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, the use of cash declined as people tried to avoid access to cash, and that the Global Multinational Central Bank is considering whether to create a digital currency. Since Bitcoin was originally designed to be decentralized, making it difficult for companies or governments to control it, the digital currency created by the central banks would give the government more financial control and make it easier to track financial transactions.

　　中国人民银行也推出了自己的数字人民币，并于去年开始在四个城市进行试点。而欧洲央行将在今年夏天决定是否朝着创建数字欧元的方向发展。

The People’s Bank of China also launched its own digital renminbi, and last year began piloting it in four cities. The ECB will decide this summer whether to move toward the creation of a digital euro.

　　与大多数央行一样，英国央行对于持续暴涨暴跌的虚拟货币采取谨慎的立场。英国央行行长安德鲁·贝利此前曾表示比特币无法作为一种稳定的价值储存介质，也不是高效的交易方式，导致其不适合用作货币，只能成为投资者的危险赌注。

Like most central banks, the British Central Bank has taken a cautious stance on the virtual currency, which continues to boom and fall. The Governor of the British Central Bank, Andrew Bailey, has previously stated that Bitcoin is unable to store a stable medium of value, nor is it an efficient mode of trading, which makes it unsuitable for monetary use and becomes only a dangerous bet for investors.

　　美国考虑对数字货币实施监管

The United States is considering regulating digital currency

　　据外媒报道，美联储对于开发由央行主导的数字货币体系态度十分谨慎。

According to external sources, the Fed is cautious about developing a central bank-led digital monetary system.

　　美联储主席鲍威尔此前表示，美联储高度重视发行美元数字货币。美联储和其他国家央行一样，正在认真评估由央行与私营部门合作设计并由央行发行数字货币的可行性，包括对金融系统包容性的影响及潜在的网络安全威胁。

The Fed, like other central banks, is carefully assessing the feasibility of a digital currency designed by central banks in cooperation with the private sector and issued by central banks, including its impact on the inclusiveness of the financial system and potential cyber security threats.

　　但鲍威尔同时表示，私营部门不应该参与美元数字货币的设计和发行，因为这是央行的职能。由于私营部门“对公共福祉不负有责任”，公众可能不信任私营部门发行的货币。美国财政部长耶伦此前表示，由美联储发行的基于区块链技术的央行数字货币将使支付变得更快捷、安全且便宜，是有益的尝试。

Because the private sector is “not responsible for public well-being,” the public may not trust the private sector’s money. US Treasury Secretary Ellen said earlier that the central bank’s digital currency issued by the Fed, based on block-chain technology, would make payments faster, safer, and cheaper.

　　据福克斯报道，美国白宫正在讨论对火热的数字货币实施监管，讨论尚处于早期阶段。分析认为，数字货币在美联储介入之前，仍有无数问题有待解决。它也将受到全面监管，并处于中央权力之下。

According to Fox, the White House of the United States is discussing regulation of hot digital money, which is still at an early stage. Analysis suggests that there are numerous problems that remain before the Fed intervenes.

　　除美国外，全球多国也将加大对数字货币的监管。据外媒19日报道，韩国将加强对非法虚拟资产交易的监控。同时，据路透社报道，印度政府将禁止加密货币在该国交易，甚至将对持有此类资产的人处以罚款。此外，土耳其央行宣布将从4月30日开始禁止加密数字货币支付交易，预计摩洛哥也将出台类似监管政策。

Meanwhile, according to Reuters, the Indian government will ban encrypted currencies from trading in the country, and even impose fines on those who hold them. Moreover, the Central Bank of Turkey announced that it would ban encrypted digital currency payments from 30 April, and that Morocco is expected to adopt a similar regulatory policy.

　　专家警示加密货币金融风险

expert warns of the financial risks of encrypted currency

　　4月18日，比特币价格一度大跌15%，甚至跌至52000美元下方。此外，加密货币市场上的主流币种均受伤惨重。24小时内以太币暴跌20%，币安币暴跌17%，瑞波币暴跌26%，狗狗币暴跌19%，莱特币暴跌28%，波场暴跌25%，柚子币暴跌29%。

On April 18, the price of Bitcoin fell by 15%, or even below $52,000. Moreover, the mainstream currency in the crypto-currency market was badly injured. Twenty per cent in the 24 hours, 17 per cent in the currency, 26 per cent in the Ribbon, 19 per cent in the dog, 28 per cent in the band, 25 per cent in the wave, and 29 per cent in the grape.

　　据多家国际财经媒体报道，一则传闻近日在社交媒体上不断扩散，称美国财政部可能以通过加密货币洗钱的罪名起诉多家金融机构，由此引发加密货币价格大幅震荡。

According to a number of international financial media reports, a rumour has spread in social media in recent years that the United States Department of the Treasury may prosecute multiple financial institutions for money-laundering through cryptographic currency, leading to a significant shock in the price of encrypted currency.

　　从事数字资产投资管理和交易的银河数字公司创始人兼首席执行官迈克尔·诺沃格拉茨表示，虽然比特币价格今年可能继续创新高，但这一行业短期内或将面临调整。个人投资者对瑞波币等小众加密货币的投入出现大幅增长，意味着市场出现很多疯狂行为，“这从来都不会有好下场”。

Michael Novograds, the founder and CEO of Galaxy Digital Corporation for Digital Asset Investment Management and Transactions, said that while bitcoin prices may continue to be high this year, the industry may be facing adjustments in the short term. Individual investors’ investment in small encrypted currencies, such as Ribbons, has grown dramatically, implying a lot of crazy behavior in the market, “it will never end well.”

　　美联储主席鲍威尔在“比特币基地”上市当天表示：“加密货币实际上是投机的工具。它们并没有真正积极用于支付。”耶伦此前也表示，比特币是一种高度投机的资产，数字货币可能会带来更快速和更便宜的支付体验，但有许多问题需要研究，包括消费者保护和反洗钱。

Federal Reserve Chairman Powell said on the day that the “bitcoin base” was on the market, that “encrypted money is actually a tool of speculation.” They were not really active in paying for it. Aaron also said earlier that Bitcoin was a highly speculative asset, and that digital money could lead to faster and cheaper payment experiences, but that there were many issues that needed to be studied, including consumer protection and anti-money-laundering.

　　分析指出，以比特币为主的数字货币面临的另一大潜在风险是，美联储收缩货币政策，回收流动性，届时全球资产都将面临挤泡沫的阶段。而在此之前，比特币牛市最重要的推动力便是美联储大规模放水，一旦货币流动性边际转向，比特币牛市也将面临极大的考验。

Analysis suggests that another major potential risk to digital currencies dominated by bitcoin is the contraction of the Fed’s monetary policy and the recovery of liquidity, when global assets will face a phase of bubbles. Before that, the most important driving force for Bitcoin’s cattle was the Fed’s large-scale water release, and the Bitcoin’s cattle will face a great test once the currency’s liquidity margins shift.

　　“要确保加密资产不会引发严重的金融风险。”中国人民银行副行长李波表示，把加密资产看作一种投资工具，当前很多国家包括中国也正在研究，这类投资品应处于怎样的监管环境之中。

“to ensure that encrypted assets do not pose serious financial risks.” According to Li Bo, Vice-President of the People's Bank of China, encryption assets are considered an investment tool and many countries, including China, are currently studying the regulatory environment in which such investments should be made.

?

注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群

文章转载注明 网址：https://netpsp.com/?id=70437