区块链入门 ｜ 什么是以太坊“难度炸弹”？
作者 | 严
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出品｜白话区块链（ID：hellobtc）
White-line block chain (ID:ellobtc)
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以太坊“难度炸弹”是以太坊开发人员 2015 年嵌入的一段代码，通过逐步增加区块链挖矿难度，从而人为减慢以太坊发行速度。这一机制是为了使以太坊向权益证明机制算法的巨大转变而设计的。
Ether's "hard bomb" is a code embedded in 2015 by Taiteng developers to slow the release of Ether by gradually increasing the number of blocks that are difficult to dig. is a mechanism designed to make a huge shift from Taiteng to equity proof system algorithms.
在目前的工作量证明共识机制的条件下，矿工每次创建新区块并将其添加到区块链中时都会赢得奖励。但当以太坊难度炸弹设置为“引爆”时，矿工通过挖矿获得奖励的难度将成倍增加。今天我们就来聊聊为什么要引入难度炸弹，以及它会有何影响？
With the current workload proving the consensus mechanism, miners are rewarded every time they create new blocks and add them to the chain of blocks. But when they are set to “exploit” the miners will find it more difficult to get incentives through mining. today we will talk about why they were introduced, and what their impact will be?
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?01 为什么要引入难度炸弹？
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如果所有矿工都没有转而使用权益证明，那么以太坊的区块链可能会分叉。比特币 2017 年曾发生类似的情况，当时比特币矿工通过支持比特币现金而迫使比特币硬分叉。不过，以太坊的创始人预见到了这种情况，对其区块链进行了编程，以使矿工挖矿算法的难度增加。
但是开发人员为什么要这样做？因为他们最终将希望矿工停止挖矿并开始验证工作。以太坊将从工作量证明共识算法过渡到权益证明算法。权益证明中没有挖矿，需要的将是验证者。
, but why are developers doing this? , because they will eventually want miners to stop digging and start certification.
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?02 “难度炸弹”对矿工和 DApp 意味着什么？
? 02 What does "hard bomb" mean to miners and Dapp?
以太坊首席商务官斯蒂芬·图尔（Stephen Tual）在 2015 年 8 月的博文中说： In August 2015, Stephen Tual, Chief Business Officer of Etheria, said: 到那时（就在 Serenity 里程碑发布时），我们将发现难度大幅增加，这将开始推动区块生产时间的增加。” By that time (at the time of the Serenity milestone) we will find that the difficulty will increase significantly, which will begin to drive the production time of blocks.” 随后由于以太坊代码的发布延迟，所以“难度炸弹”被推迟。EIP 2387 将是自 2015 年以来第三次推迟引爆“难度炸弹”，在 2018 年拜占庭硬分叉被推迟 300 万个区块，然后在 2019 年 2 月君士坦丁堡硬分叉中又推迟了 200 万个区块。 was subsequently delayed by a delay in the release of the Etherkote code. EIP 2387 will be the third delay in detonation of the “strict bomb” since 2015. Byzantine hard fork was delayed by 3 million blocks in 2018 and then by 2 million blocks in February 2019 in Constantinople hard fork. 尽管一些开发人员呼吁完成废除”难度炸弹“，但另外一些开发者认为，”难度炸弹“确实迫使以太坊客户端保持网络的最新状态，否则将临着在网络上运行不断增加的成本。 While some developers have called for the abolition of the “hard bomb”, others believe that the “hard bomb” “does indeed force Ether clients to keep the network up to date, otherwise it will face increasing costs of operating on the network. 区块时间的增加可能会看到稀缺性的出现，从理论上讲，这种稀缺性在价格行动中施加了上行压力。通常，矿工倾向于提价，因为提价可以改善其运营业绩。 The increase in block time may see the emergence of scarcity, which theoretically puts upward pressure on price actions. Typically, miners tend to raise prices, because price increases can improve their performance. 但是，对于? DApp，如果区块时间接近 60 秒，则这些项目可能会开始遭受网络拥塞的负面影响。正如 BTC Manager 先前报道的那样，Tether (USDT) 交易已经占据了网络的最大份额。但是，最近网络显示出了对阻塞的恢复能力。 , but for Dapp, if blocks are close to 60 seconds, these projects may begin to suffer the negative effects of network congestion. , as previously reported by BTC Manager, Tether (USDT) deals already account for the largest share of the network. 你认为以太坊的难度炸弹有什么用处呢？欢迎在留言区分享你的观点。 What use do you think it would be to use a hard bomb? You are welcome to share your views in the message area. 『声明：本系列内容仅供区块链科普入门学习，不构成任何投资意见或建议。如有任何错漏，敬请留言指出。文章版权和最终解释权归白话区块链所有。』 声明：本内容为作者独立观点，不代表 CoinVoice 立场，且不构成投资建议，请谨慎对待，如需报道或加入交流群，请联系微信：VOICE-V。
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