中國百年個體童年史出版：回憶串起百年北京童年史

《中國百年個體童年史》（共9冊）：周國平主編﹔保冬妮策劃﹔?義、左月等著﹔浙江少年兒童出版社出版 The 100th Year of the Child in China (in all 9): Editor-in-Chief, Zhou Kuoping; Planner Paul Toni; Waiting for Yi and Left Month; publisher of Zhejiang Youth and Childhood Press

　　童年記憶，童年視角，童年趣味，童年夢想，童年情感。同一個北京，同一個年齡段，不同的童年個體，不同的歷史時段。《中國百年個體童年史》（9冊）是一部活生生的百年北京“童年史記”，是一次別開生面的兒童文學和童書出版的創新。

The same Beijing, the same age, different childhood bodies, different historical periods. China's 100th Year of the Child (9 pamphlet) is a live Beijing 100-year “Child History” and is a start-up in children's literature and children's books.

　　在傳統觀念中，歷史總是“大人們”的。童年無史、兒童缺史。《中國百年個體童年史》的策劃者、編輯者、出版者，顛覆了傳統，大膽地用童年記憶編織出這部叢書，使紀傳體史學、傳記文學跨出了可喜的一步。叢書選擇了20世紀第一個10年至90年代的9位作者回望各自的本色童年：有年近百歲的中國社會科學院研究員，有林道靜式的傳奇女性，有北京民俗專家，有藝術家子女，有開國將軍后代，有環保人士，有心理咨詢師，有畫家，有詩人。這9個年齡各異、性別各異、家庭各異、職業各異的個體“點”，連成了“北京”“兒童”“一百年”這3條承載著歷史和文化進程的經緯之線，江河縱橫，百川歸海，構成了具有代表性的百年北京童年集體記憶。

History has always been a “big man” in tradition. Children have no history, children have no history. The architects, editors, publishers of China’s 100-year-old children’s history have changed the tradition and dared to make this book out of childhood memory, and to make history history and essays and poets. The book has chosen nine authors from the first 10th to 1990’s to look back at their children’s years: the researcher of the Chinese Social Science Academy, the woman of the 100-year-old, the woman of the forest’s sermon, the woman of the Beijing folklore, the children of artists, the children of the General of the Kingdom, the environment, the counselors, the painters, the poets, the poets.

　　鎖定童年視角，鎖定20世紀近現代這中國歷史上天翻地覆的一百年，抒寫世紀巨變，是《中國百年個體童年史》的點睛之筆。9位作者的童年，視角劃過了中國20世紀的各個歷史時期，封建王朝消亡、軍閥混戰、民國興衰、抗日戰爭、解放戰爭、新中國誕生、抗美援朝、社會主義初期建設、“文化大革命”、改革開放等——兒童怎麼看？怎麼想？怎麼干？有不成熟、不准確、不全面﹔有局限、有簡單、有偏頗，但同樣也有個性、有特色、有童真，這是時代的寫真、時代的表達、時代的縮影。

A hundred years in China's recent history of the 20th century, and a dramatic change in the history of China's 100th century, have been defined. Nine authors, in their childhood, have swung through the history of China's 20th century, the feudal dynasty has been destroyed, the army has been mixed, the nation has grown, the war against Japan, the war of liberation, the birth of the new China, the United States of America, the early construction of socialism, the “cultural revolution” and the opening of reforms — how do children think? How? How? It's immaturity, inaccuracy, incomprehensive; it's limited, simple, biased, but it's also sexual, distinctive, and child-real.

　　每個人都有自己的童年。童年有相同之處，但更有相異之處，特別是不同的時代會有自己的歷史痕跡。《中國百年個體童年史》就既寫出這9位作者童年的相同，又寫出不同。9位作者的童年視角，像9台全天候工作的攝像機，近距離地、真實地、生動地記錄了不同時代兒童視野中的社會生活、社會事件、社會變革、社會心態、社會進步。童眼世界，童眼世紀，以小見大，以事求是。百年一世紀，9部作品按年代排列記錄的中國20世紀的百年巨變，是難能可貴的，一本一本讀來，仿佛就像9個孩子在和你講北京一百年長長的故事。毫無疑問，這種童年視角，與當今少年兒童讀者的童年視角，自然而然是相通的。

Each has its own childhood. Children have the same place, but especially different times, with their own historical traces. China’s 100-year childhood history has written the same and different versions of the nine authors. Nine authors’ childhood angles, like nine all-weather cameras, are close, real and vividly recording social life, social events, social transformations, social attitudes, and social progress in different generations of children’s viewing fields.

　　記述特定地域的童年史，是《中國百年個體童年史》的顯著特色。叢書中濃濃的京腔京味，使“童年史”更親切、更真實、更可信。“長在皇城根下”“天安門”“四合院”“大宅門”“大雜院”“胡同串子”“天橋”“京劇”“評書”“大碗茶”……北京作為古都、首都特有的地域文化，在叢書中得到彰顯。打開這9本書，本本飄逸著濃墨重彩的京腔京韻。如世紀老人?義口述的《歲月深處的童年往事》中對北京民間謎語“兩間房子一樣寬，大門常開也常關，房裡可容千萬人，難容沙粒在裡面”的描述，斗蛐蛐用幾根老鼠的長胡須安在竹簽子上來驅策等，充滿著京味童趣。《民國女孩淑英子》對老北京20年代賣豆汁、喝豆汁的記憶，比當今的廣告詞還給力，令人直流口水。

The history of children in certain geographical areas is a distinctive feature of China’s 100-year-old children’s history. Beijing, as an ancient, capital-specific, geographical culture, is highlighted in books. Opening these nine books, which make the “child’s history” more cordial, real and credible.

　　作為定格北京的《中國百年個體童年史》，不可避免地留下了許多“童眼政治”的痕跡。而這些政治大事，往往是作者在不知何為政治的童年中不經意地經歷到的。如《歲月深處的童年往事》中，作者曾經與張作霖的兒子、張學良的四弟張學詩是校友，並在達爾罕王府拜見過九世班禪活佛，還親身感受過日本鬼子進學校的恐懼和反抗。在《國防綠的小時候》中，作者記述了周恩來總理在北京飯店抱過他的故事，也記述了“胡子將軍”孫毅1966年戴著高帽子被游街批斗的故事。《我有大頭，下雨不愁》的作者左月，則寫下了1987年前門開了一家名叫肯德基的美國快餐店，人們蜂擁而至，品嘗“肯德基是什麼雞”的生動故事。

These political events, often unwittingly experienced by authors in their childhood years of ignorance of what is politics, such as those in Beijing, where the author used to speak to Zhang’s son, Zhang Xiaoqiang’s four-man poem, a friend of the school, and to see the Nine-year-old Buddha alive in the Dalhan Palace, and to personally experience the fear and resistance of the Japanese ghost in school. In China’s Greening Small Times, the author wrote the story of Zhou’s Prime Minister in Beijing, and the story of “General Beard”’s grandson in 1966, wearing a high hat in a street fight. On the left, the author of My Big Head, Rainless, wrote the story of what was “Kenderky’s” alive story in 1987, when he opened an American fast-food restaurant called Kentucky.

　　20世紀已經離我們而去，並將漸行漸遠。21世紀的中國，正在為實現中華民族的偉大復興而努力。向往美好的未來，需要我們回望歷史、記住歷史，讓我們的少年兒童記住我們苦難的過去，記住我們大國崛起的歷程。《中國百年個體童年史》，恰是既能激發少年兒童閱讀興趣，又能引起少年兒童共鳴的有益讀本。

China in the 21st century is working to realize the great revival of the Chinese nation. For a better future, we need to look back on history, remember history, remind our children and young people of our bitter past, remember the history of our nation’s rise.

　　《 人民日報 》（ 2014年06月24日 24 版）

People's Daily (24th ed. 24th of June 2014)

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