OKEx Insights：DeFi当前提供像Chainlink这样的预言机的主要用例
随着人们对去中心化金融（DeFi）的兴趣激增，2020年最大的加密成功案例之一就是区块链预言机。总的来说，区块链预言机是一种允许智能合约（即基于区块链的可编程合约）访问未存储在区块链上的数据的服务。这些数据可能是资产的价格，选举结果，供应链信息，甚至是哪支球队赢得了足球比赛。
As interest in de-centralized finance grew, one of the biggest success stories of encryption in 2020 was the block chain foreword. In general, block chain forewords are a service that allows smart contracts (i.e. programmed contracts based on block chains) to access data that are not stored in the block chain.
虽然人们对智能合约将如何改变许多行业持相当乐观的态度，但如果没有可靠的链外数据来源，它们的效用却受到严重限制。在密码学界，这并不是一个新问题。但是，如果要让区块链和智能合约技术产生许多人期待中的影响，则其成功解决至关重要。
While there is considerable optimism about how smart contracts will change many industries, their utility is severely limited in the absence of reliable data sources outside the chain. In cryptography, this is not a new issue.
OKEx Insights将在本文中着眼于区块链预言机服务的兴起以及提供这些服务的平台的快速增长的市值。虽然对去中心化预言机服务的需求确实存在，但我们要考虑的是，推动预言机平台代币（即Chainlink的，BandChain的BAND，Nest Protocol的NEST和Tellor的TRB）价格飙升的是实际使用量还是投机行为。
OKExInsights will focus this paper on the emergence of block-chain forecasting and the fast-growing market value of the platforms that provide these services. While there is a real demand for decentralizing for forecasting, what we want to consider is whether the prices of the proxies (i.e., Chainlink, BAND in Bandchain, NEST in Nest Protocol, and TRB in Tellor) are surging in real use or speculation.
预言机之年？
The Year of Prophecy?
随着目前总市值接近60亿美元，预言机服务应用程序固有的代币已成为当今业界最受关注的加密货币之一。在过去的12个月中，市场领先者Chainlink的LINK令牌投入了600％以上的资金，目前在加密货币排行网站CoinGecko的市值上排名第五。
As the total market value is now close to $6 billion, the currency inherent in the Prophecy Service has become one of today’s industry’s most interesting encoded currencies. Over the past 12 months, the market leader, Chainlink’s LINK medal, has invested more than 600% of its funds, and is now ranked fifth in the market value of the encrypted currency ranking site CoinGecko.
最近推出的预言机代币选手也经历了类似的讨论。仅在过去30天内，NEST，BAND和TRB分别增长了约90％，170％和240％。可以看到，几乎所有声称已经解决预言机问题的项目价格都飞速上涨，显然，预言机的点子吸引了加密货币投资者。
In the last 30 days alone, NEST, BAND, and TRB have grown by about 90%, 170%, and 240%, respectively. As can be seen, almost all of the projects that claim to have solved the problems of the prophecies have experienced rapid increases in prices, and it is clear that the idea of the prophecies has attracted encrypted money investors.
除了BAND的发展势头外，预言机代币在所有加密资产领域中的市值都已经达到了最高水平，并且是今年表现最好的资产之一。
In addition to the momentum of BAND, the market value of proxies in all areas of encrypted assets has reached its highest level and is one of the best performing assets this year.
预言机问题简史
short history of prophecies
在加密货币诞生很久以前，智能合约的用途就很明显了。有远见的密码学家和法律学者Nick Szabo 于1996年发明了这个词，他将智能合约定义为“一组以数字形式指定的承诺，包括各方在其中履行这些承诺的协议。”
The use of smart contracts was evident long before the birth of encrypted money. Nick Szabo, a visionary cryptographer and legal scholar, invented the term in 1996, defining smart contracts as “a set of numerically designated commitments, including agreements in which parties fulfil those commitments.”
像Szabo一样，比特币（BTC）的创造者也认识到智能合约在未来去中心化经济中可以发挥的作用。在2010年，密码学家和早期的比特币开发人员Gavin Andresen发现了当时还没有使用的编程功能。当Andresen向中本聪询问上述功能时，他们回答：
Like Szabo, the creators of the Bitcoin also recognize the role that smart contracts can play in the future to decentralize the economy. In 2010, cryptographers and early bitcoin developers Gavin Andresen discovered programming features that had not been used at that time. Andresen asked Nakamoto about these features, and they answered:
“这个功能支持我几年前设计的各种可能的交易类型：托管交易，担保合同，第三方仲裁，多方签名等。如果比特币大行其道，这些都是我们将来要探索的东西，但它们都必须在一开始就设计好，以确保以后能够实现。”
"This function supports the various possible types of transactions that I designed a few years ago: hosting transactions, security contracts, third-party arbitration, multiple signatures, etc. If bitcoins do anything, these are all things we'll have to explore in the future, but they all have to be designed from the outset to ensure that they can be realized in the future."
几年后，另一位早期的比特币开发商强调了智能合约的未来重要性。Mike Hearn在2012年伦敦比特币大会的演讲中列举了几个例子，在这些例子中，可编程货币可以提高各种流程的效率并降低风险。其中包括自动结算遗嘱，在没有中介人或卖方的情况下甚至不亲自出现就出售车辆。令人兴奋的是，未来的金融系统中，智能合约取代了可信赖的第三方（即银行） 。
A few years later, another early bitcoin developer stressed the future importance of smart contracts. Mike Hearn, in his speech at the London Bitcoin Congress in 2012, cited several examples in which programmable currencies could improve the efficiency of processes and reduce risks.
虽然Hearn举的继承例子肯定使用了某种预言（在祖父过世的情况下，一份智能合约将参考全国死亡登记册），但在之后的讨论中许多重要的细微差别仍未解决。于是，他们在2015年以太坊推出时脱颖而出。
Although the examples of Hearn’s succession certainly use some sort of prophecy (a smart contract would refer to the national death register in the event of the death of his grandfather), many important nuances remain unresolved in the ensuing discussion. So, when they were launched in 2015 in Taiku, they emerged.
以太坊白皮书承认，在向区块链应用程序交付链外数据时需要预言机。但是，它放弃了“仍然需要可信来源”来提供链外信息。
The Etherpa White Paper recognizes the need for a foreword machine when delivering out-of-chain data to block-chain applications. However, it abandons the “required need for credible sources” to provide out-of-chain information.
正如当时的著名开发者以及以太坊的联合创始人V神所阐述的那样，依赖这样的信息源将充满安全问题。令人担忧的是，单个预言机可能为了经济利益而恶意采取行动，或者去中心化应用程序将在数据源删除其服务时停止运行。
Reliance on such a source of information will be fraught with security problems, as stated by the well-known developer of the time and by the co-founder of the Etherworld, God V. It is worrying that a single prophesy machine may act in bad faith for economic gain, or that a decentralized application will stop running when the data source deletes its services.
这次讨论引起了几次解决预言机问题的早期努力，包括Reality.eth，Orisi和Counterparty以及Chainlink的早期迭代，同时母公司SmartContract.com提出了解决方案：依靠中心化数据源向区块链应用程序提供数据，直到几年后。
This discussion led to a number of early efforts to address the issue of the foreword machine, including the early succession of Reality.eth, Orisi and Counterparty and Chainlink, while the parent company, SmartContract.com, proposed a solution whereby centralized data sources would be used to provide data to block chain applications until a few years later.
2017年，SmartContract.com开始致力于去中心化预言机服务，以充当区块链与外部世界之间的桥梁。该公司在2017年9月的首次代币发行中筹集了3200万美元，以资助后来的Chainlink的开发。Chainlink主网建立在以太坊网络上，于2019年6月启用。之后它的成功启发了其他预言机项目，包括上述的BandChain，Nest Protocol和Tellor。
In 2017, SmartContract.com began working on the centralization of the Prophecy Service to serve as a bridge between the block chain and the outside world. The company raised $32 million in September 2017 in its first currency release to finance the subsequent development of Chainlink. The Chainlink main network was built on the Etheria network and launched in June 2019. Its success has inspired other prophesy projects, including the Band Chain, Nest Protocol and Tellor mentioned above.
解决预言机问题很重要
It's important to to solve the problem of the prophecy.
以太坊等智能合约平台的大部分潜力都依赖于外界提供的可信赖数据。如果价格输入不能反映现实，那么价格预测市场就没什么用了。
Most of the potential of smart contract platforms like the Taiwan depends on reliable data from outside sources. If price input does not reflect reality, the price forecast market will be of little use.
2017年，以太坊及其支持各种去中心化应用程序的目标引起了巨大的炒作。受到未来智能合约将实现无中介拼车服务、自动化保险产品以及不可篡改链上数据的鼓舞，投资者涌入市场。以太坊在2017年1月14日的价格仅为9.70美元。恰好在一年后，它的峰值达到每币约1,470美元。
In 2017, the project was inspired by the future smart contract, which will lead to a non-intermediated carpooling service, automated insurance products, and non-distorted data on the chain. The price for the company was only $9.70 on January 14, 2017.
通过首次发币筹资的热潮为以太坊价格上涨火上浇油（通常被称为2017 ICO泡沫），至少在一定程度上与投资者对以太坊未来效用的信心有关。如果以太坊将成为未来去中心化应用程序的大本营，则此类平台的开发需要资金。通过与某一特定平台的交易，投资者获得了该平台的代币（通常是ETH，这进一步推高了对它的需求）。可以说，许多ICO的驱动力主要是投资者对代币价格的猜测，随着相关平台的不断发展，代币的价格也在不断上涨。
The development of such platforms would require funding if they were to become the home of future decentralized applications. By trading with a particular platform, investors acquired the platform’s tokens (often ETH, which further boosted demand for it).
随着人们对ICO的兴趣在2017年达到顶峰，投资者几乎对所有白皮书中包含丰富流行语以及宏大的去中心化未来愿景的项目投入大量资金。事实证明，这些项目中许多第二年就失败了。
As interest in the ICO peaked in 2017, investors invested heavily in almost all the projects in the White Paper that contained rich popular language and ambitious de-centralized visions for the future. Many of these projects proved to have failed in the second year.
正如专注于以太坊的软件公司ConsenSys的前开发者John Adler在2018年9月强调的那样，要使智能合约式区块链可用，需要有足够的缩放技术——只有有了可靠的预言机服务，这样的平台才能真正发挥效用。如果没有可靠的链外数据源，智能合约的使用将仅限于只需在构建应用程序的特定区块链上提供信息的应用。
As John Adler, a former developer of the software company ConsenSys, which focuses on the Etherms, stressed in September 2018, there is a need for sufficient scaling-up technology – a platform that can only work if there is a reliable pro forma service. In the absence of reliable off-link data sources, the use of smart contracts will be limited to applications that simply need to provide information on the particular section chain in which the application is built.
在以太坊努力实现规模化运作、为预言机问题提供解决方案的同时，由于ICO的投机炒作，ETH价格在2017年1月高点之后的11个月内暴跌94%。显然，该平台的基本价值与ETH虚高的市场价格不符。然而，这一上涨本身表明，尽管以太坊还没有准备好在2017年实现，但市场还是看到了巨大的价值。
While Ether's efforts to scale up operations and provide a solution to the problem of the Prophecies, Ether prices fell by 94% in 11 months after its height in January 2017 as a result of speculation by the ICO. Clearly, the platform's basic value does not match Ether's inflated market prices. However, the rise itself suggests that the market sees huge value, although it is not ready to do so by 2017.
显然，能够提供不可篡改、可靠数据源的受信任的预言机将成为加密货币发展的一部分。随着现在一系列项目声称能提供这种数据源，智能合约技术似乎又朝着现实世界的用途迈出了一步，而这正是引发2017年诸多猜测的原因。
Clearly, a trusted predictor capable of providing an incontrovertible and reliable source of data will be part of the development of an encrypted currency. With a series of projects now claiming to provide such a source, smart contract technology seems to have taken another step towards real-world use, which was the cause of many speculations in 2017.
预言机迅速找到用例
prophet quickly found the example
与预言机相关的加密货币并不是最近几个月唯一获得大量资金流入的项目，基于支持智能合约的区块链上的DeFi应用程序的使用也在增长。2020年初，所谓的DeFi代币总锁仓价值仅6.81亿美元，八个月后，据DeFi Pulse数据，总锁仓价值达到了约68亿美元的历史新高。
The encrypt currency associated with the prophecies is not the only project that has received a significant inflow of funds in recent months, and the use of the DeFi application on the block chain, which is based on support for smart contracts, is also increasing. At the beginning of 2020, the total lock-in value of the so-called DeFi tokens was only $681 million, and eight months later, according to DeFi Pulse, the total lock-up value reached an all-time high of about $6.8 billion.
当然，预言机代币的兴起与DeFi的使用是相关的。DeFi依赖于来自各个市场的价格数据，数据无法从区块链本身获得，必须从其他地方获取。一些去中心化金融应用程序本身就解决了预言机问题，还有一些将任务外包给专用的预言机“中间件”提供商，例如Chainlink等。
DeFi relies on price data from various markets, which cannot be obtained from the block chain itself, and which must be obtained from elsewhere. Some decentralized financial applications themselves solve the problem of prophecies, while others outsource tasks to dedicated prophecies “intermediate” providers, such as Chainlink.
去中心化预言机的这种早期应用无疑促进了所谓的预言机代币（如LINK，BAND，TRB等）的近期价格表现。例如，LINK 既支付链外数据提要，也可以用作提供数据者的抵押品，以确保提要的信息质量和可靠性。如果项目要使用Chainlink的预言机，则需要访问LINK代币。
This early application of the centralizing prophecies has undoubtedly contributed to the recent price performance of so-called prophecies (such as LINK, BAND, TRB, etc.). For example, LINK can be used as a collateral for data providers to ensure the quality and reliability of the information to be drawn. If the project is to use Chainlink's prophecies, it needs to visit LINK.
同样，BandChain使用其自身代币BAND作为抵押，作为一种支付手段和其治理模型的一部分。Tellor的代币TRB也用于向数据提供者付款，并被矿工抵押，为其自身的安全模型提供了基础。因此，这些服务使用量的增加应该会导致它们自身代币价格的上涨。
Similarly, Band Chain uses its own token BAND as collateral as a means of payment and as part of its governance model. Tellor’s token TRB is also used to pay data providers and is mortgaged by miners to provide the basis for its own safety model.
效用是否符合市值？
Is the utility of 尽管DeFi在当今提供了区块链预言机服务的主要用例，但两个利基市场的市值表明价格并非仅基于当前使用。例如，Chainlink在其相对较短的存续期内，其市值已升至74亿美元以上，在本月初达到顶峰——这一数字高于当今DeFi智能合约锁仓的近70亿美元。 Despite the fact that DeFi today provides a major example of block chain forewords, the market value of the two niche markets suggests that prices are not based solely on current usage. For example, Chainlink, during its relatively short lifetime, has risen to more than $7.4 billion, peaking at the beginning of this month – a figure that is nearly $7 billion higher than today’s DeFi smart contract lock-ups. 仔细观察一下Chainlink网络，就会发现对其预言机服务有明显的需求。Chainlink Oracle Reputation网站详细介绍了最近网络上的节点活动，突出显示了哪些数据源处于活动状态以及它们已完成的工作。 A closer look at the Chainlink network reveals a clear demand for its pronunciation services. The Chainlink Oracle Reputation site details recent nodes on the network, highlighting which data sources are active and what they have done. 虽然某些Chainlink节点肯定是活动的，但是在过去七天内完成工作的节点提供的可用数据仅提供资产价格。这表明DeFi之外的应用目前几乎不存在，并且对于非特定目的的LINK代币的实际使用仍然很大程度上依赖于DeFi应用程序的使用。 While some Chainlink nodes are certainly active, available data from nodes that have completed their work in the last seven days only provide asset prices. This suggests that applications other than DeFi are currently virtually non-existent, and that the actual use of non-specific LINK tokens remains heavily dependent on the use of the DeFi applications. 同时，对BandChain网络的分析表明，实际网络使用对其代币最近的价格运行的影响甚至更低。当前存在的79个数据源中，几乎所有都涉及资产价格。尽管确实有天气和航班数据的提要，但是在项目的早期阶段，几乎没有任何与数据源有关的网络活动，包括价格提要。显然，目前对BAND的未来使用（或价格）的投机超过了实际效用。 At the same time, an analysis of Band Chain’s network shows that the impact of actual network use on the recent price operation of its tokens is even lower. Almost all of the 79 data sources currently in existence relate to asset prices. While weather and flight data summaries do exist, there are few network activities, including price summaries, associated with data sources in the early stages of the project. 下表显示了LINK随时间推移的价格，令人不禁联想到2017年末以来的许多加密货币。虽然基本的发展和使用在上一次牛市中当然可以发挥一定作用，但2017年底价格的快速升值是纯粹投机的产物。 The table below shows the price of LinK over time, which brings to mind many encrypted currencies since the end of 2017. While basic development and use can certainly play a role in the last cattle market, the rapid price appreciation at the end of 2017 is a product of pure speculation. LINK的价格，2017年11月9日至2020年8月24日。来源：CoinGecko Price of LINK, 9 November 2017 to 24 August 2020. Source: CoinGecko 如今，预言机服务也出现了类似的增长。就像ICO的繁荣为ETH提供了一个现实世界的用例一样，DeFi也为预言机服务提供了实用程序。但是，随着预言机项目的市值轻松超过DeFi智能合约中总锁仓市值，投机活动似乎已经超过了实际使用量。 Just as the prosperity of the ICO has provided an example of a real world for ETH, DeFi has also provided practical procedures for prophesy services. But, with the market value of the prophesy project arguably outpacing the market value of the DeFi smart contract, speculation seems to have exceeded actual usage. DeFi风险就是预言机风险 DeFi's risk is the foreword machine's risk 受到精明而富有，且能足以获取丰富的利润的借贷战略吸引，实现了DeFi用户数量的持续性增长。其中一部分板块增长的原因是近期的“流动性挖矿”。 A sustained growth in the number of DeFi users has been brought about by a sophisticated and wealthy lending strategy that is sufficiently profitable. Part of this growth is due to the recent “mobility mining.” 正如前文所述，DeFi当前提供了像Chainlink这样的预言机的主要用例。在智能合约的另一种技术受到等同的关注之前，预言机将持续服务DeFi。 As already mentioned, DeFi currently provides the main example of a prophecies like Chainlink. The prophecies will continue to serve DeFi until another technology of a smart contract is equally focused. 这并不意味着在未来其他行业不会有需求，当Chainlink的创始人谢尔盖·纳扎罗夫（Sergey Nazarov）今年在发表演讲时，他提到预言机有一天将会为像去中心化保险这样的应用程序提供数据。但是，由于大部分演示文稿都将重点放在DeFi上，并且几乎所有当前的数据提供了不同资产的价格，因此很明显，Chainlink在当今的主导市场中所处的位置。 This does not mean that there will be no demand in other industries in the future, when Sergey Nazarov, the founder of Chainlink, spoke this year, mentioned that the prophesy will one day provide data for applications like decentralized insurance. But, since most presentations focus on DeFi, and almost all of the current data provide different asset prices, it is clear that Chainlink is in the dominant market today. 尽管锁定DeFi应用程序的资金增长对于预言机无疑是个好消息，但该行业并非没有风险。智能合约本身抛弃了经验不足的用户可能遭受重大损失的事实，从而为黑客提供了明显的目标。每个锁定的百万美元成为激励黑客寻找代码漏洞的潜在诱因。 While the financial growth in targeting the DeFi application is undoubtedly good news for the foreword machine, the industry is not without risks. Smart contracts themselves leave behind the fact that inexperienced users may suffer significant losses, thus providing a clear target for hackers. 这不仅仅是理论上的攻击手段。DeFi智能合约之前已经被利用过，其风险足够大至以太坊的联合创始人曾经警告用户。维塔利克˙布特林七月在谈劳拉·辛的播客节目《无链》中发表讲话时，建议用户不要低估危险性。他继续评论了流动性挖矿的未来： This is not just a theoretical attack. DeFi’s smart contract was used before, and its risks were so high that the co-founder of Etherwood warned users. Vitalik #Butrin, in his July speech on Laura Sin’s podcast, The Unchained, advised users not to underestimate the dangers. He continued to comment on the future of mobile mining: “这是短期的事情。一旦吸引力消失，您很容易看到收益率将回落到非常接近零的水平。” "This is a short-term thing. Once the attraction is gone, you can easily see that the rate of return will fall to a level very close to zero." 维塔利克˙布特林近期在推特上发表了类似的担忧： Vitolik Butrin recently posted similar concerns on Twitter: “提醒：您不必参加以太坊中“最新热门DeFi”。实际上，除非您“真的”了解接下来会发生什么事，否则最好不要有任何行动或者仅参与一小部分。还有很多其他的ETH dapps,探索他们！” “Caution: You do not have to attend the Ether's latest hotspot, DeFi. In fact, it is best not to do anything or participate in a small part of it unless you “really” understand what's going to happen. There are many other ETH dapps to explore them.” — 维塔利克.eth (@维塔利克˙布特林) 2020年8月14日 — Vitalik Eth (@Vitalik #Butrin) August 14, 2020 除了潜在的收益递减和智能合约开发的风险外，DeFi可能会成为监管机构的目标。由于DeFi仍处于起步阶段，并带来一系列新的风险，因此金融监管机构肯定会在考虑保护投资者的方法。对该行业过度狂热的压制可能会导致利率大幅下降，就像经过监管机构审查的ICO一样。这也将暂时损害那些服务DeFi实用应用程序-类似预言机的价值主张。 In addition to the potential decline in earnings and the risks of smart contract development, DeFi may be targeted by regulators. As DeFi is still in its infancy, with a range of new risks, financial regulators will certainly be considering ways to protect investors. 2017年重演？合作、上市、炒作 2017? Cooperation, listing, . 预言机在备受瞩目的推动下引起了兴奋。据报道，在撰写本文时，Chainlink已与258个不同实体合作，这些实体在从视频游戏到房地产的众多行业中工作。名单中包括家喻户晓的名称，例如Google Cloud，SWIFT和Intel，以及多家韩国银行和德国电信（Deutsche Telekom）的IT子公司T-Systems。 At the time of writing, Chainlink is reported to have worked with 258 different entities working in a wide range of industries, from video games to real estate. The list includes household names such as Google Cloud, SWIFT and Intel, as well as T-Systems, an IT subsidiary of several Korean banks and Deutsche Telekom. 在据称对Chainlink感兴趣的那些人中，也许最引人注目的是中国最近启动的区块链服务网络或BSN。这项交易可能会在6月下旬的新闻中发布，预言机之一的Chainlink可能会向BSN成员提供数据。创建服务的公司包括中国国家信息中心，中国移动，中国银联和紅棗科技(香港)有限公司。 Among those alleged to be interested in Chainlink, perhaps the most notable is the recently launched block chain service network or BSN in China. The deal may be published in late June, and Chainlink, one of the predictors, may provide data to BSN members. 纵观历史，有关中国与区块链相关的新闻既引起了加密货币行业的不确定性，也带来了乐观情绪。最近的一个例子来自去年，中国政府宣布对区块链技术的支持，导致合并后的加密货币的市值在几天之内上涨了23%。有关中国的区块链行业对Chainlink感兴趣的消息似乎是导致预言机价格上涨的原因。 Throughout history, news about China’s block chain has generated both uncertainty and optimism in the crypto-currency sector. The most recent example comes from last year’s announcement by the Chinese government of its support for block-chain technology, which led to a 23% increase in the market value of the consolidated encrypted currency in a few days. 尽管不那么令人影响深刻，但其他预言机也在推动投机的发展。红杉资本（Sequoia Capital）支持的Band Protocol（BandChain背后的公司）在2019年上市，在首次上市后，我们看到了其代币的价格上涨，并于2020年8月加入Coinbase Pro。7月，Coinbase增加了NEST的定价数据，进一步证明了预言机对区块链生态系统至关重要的观点。 In 2019, Band Protocol, supported by Sequoia Capital (the company behind Band Chain), was listed, and after its first listing, we saw a rise in the price of its tokens and joined Coinbase Pro in August 2020. In July, Coinbase increased the price-fixing data of NEST, further proving the view that the prophecies were vital to the ecosystem of the block chain. 越来越多的高知名度合作伙伴关系在某种程度上推动了这一进程，不仅仅是LINK价格走势图与2017年ETH的价格走势图相似。2017年2月，企业以太坊联盟（Enterprise Ethereum Alliance）的成立以及随后的成员声明似乎引发了对其未来用途的猜测，再加上该资产在ICO融资中的使用，使ETH升至历史新高。 A growing number of high-profile partnerships have contributed to this process to some extent, not least because the LINK price trends are similar to those of 2017. In February 2017, the establishment of the Enterprise Etheeum Alliance and subsequent member statements appeared to have triggered speculation about its future use, coupled with the use of the asset in ICO financing, raising it to an all-time high. LINK自身的价格也经历了类似的上涨。2019年6月13日，当Chainlink在推特上宣布加入谷歌云（Google Cloud）作为生态系统合作伙伴的那一天，LINK上涨了65%以上，几个小时内从1.13美元涨至了1.87美元。 On June 13, 2019, when Chainlink announced on Twitter that he would join Google Cloud as a partner in the ecosystem, LINK rose by more than 65%, from $1.13 to $1.87 in a few hours. “我们很高兴与大家分享，Google是将#Chainlink集成到他们采用智能合约的方法中的伟大公司之一。下面是@GCPcloud用户如何使用Chainlink连接到BigQuery，这是Google最流行的云服务之一。” "We're happy to share that Google is one of the great companies that integrated #Chainlink into their way of using smart contracts. Here's how @GCPcloud users connect to BigQuery, one of Google's most popular cloud services." -Chainlink–官方频道（@Chainlink）2019年6月13日 - Chainlink - Official channel (@Chainlink) 13 June 2019 扩展问题和以太坊预言 Extension and Etheria Prophecies 如今，限制以太坊在2017年使用的规模问题仍然存在。Gas（即在以太坊网络上进行交易的费用）目前正在上涨。根据Ethgasstation.info的数据，Chainlink现在已经是以太坊Gas上第八大用户。据报道，仅在八月份，Chainlink预言机的用户就在交易费用上花费了近100万美元。 According to Ethgassation.info, Chainlink is now the eighth-largest user of Tas. In August alone, the users of Chainlink's prophecy reportedly spent nearly $1 million on transaction costs. 如果Chainlink的高知名度的合作伙伴关系确实能提高网络的使用率，那么Gas需求的增加将使以太坊的费用更高。在实施解决扩展问题的解决方案之前，基于以太坊的分散式预言机获取数据可能变得非常昂贵，并且最终可能会限制采用。 If Chainlink’s high-profile partnership does increase the use of the network, the increase in Gas’s demand will make it more expensive. Until solutions are put in place to solve the problem of expansion, access to data based on a community-based, decentralized prophecies may become very expensive and may eventually limit its use. 扩展是加密货币行业中最紧迫的主题之一。 以太坊网络备受期待的以太坊2.0升级将解决此问题。 但是，正如Buterin在《无链》上所提到的，分片（旨在从根本上提高以太坊网络总交易能力的突破）并不属于升级的第0阶段。相反，它将在网络升级的后期实现。 The expected e-Team 2.0 upgrade in the e-Team network will solve the problem. But, as Buterin mentioned in The Unchain, the fragments (a breakthrough aimed at fundamentally improving the capacity of the e-Team total trading) are not part of phase 0 of the upgrade. 就是说，还有其他努力来扩展工作中的网络。诸如Optimistic Rollups和ZK-Rollups之类的第二层（即所谓的第2层）技术将某些事务数据移出链。在今年早些时候解释这些概念时，Buterin乐观地表示，这些改进应该使以太坊每秒甚至可以在分片上线之前每秒处理1000多个事务。与目前每秒15笔交易的严重增加相比，此类实现应允许网络支持更多数量的智能合约，而不会导致交易费用激增。这还将增加为他们服务的那些先知的基本价值。 In explaining these concepts earlier this year, Buterin was optimistic that these improvements should enable the Etherms to handle more than 1,000 transactions per second, or even before they were lined up. Such realization should allow the network to support a larger number of smart contracts than the 15 transactions currently under way, without leading to a surge in transaction costs. 区块链预言机领域的竞争 Competition in the area of the block chain 今年对DeFi的兴趣激增，不仅为Chainlink提供了一个机会，还激发了其他预言机的创建。越来越多的开发者在寻找自己解决区块链预言机问题的方法。 This year’s surge in interest in DeFi not only provided Chainlink with an opportunity, but also inspired the creation of other prophecies. More and more developers are looking for their own solutions to block chain prophecies. 引领DeFi 的应用Compound 已经在其Open Price Feed（OPF）工作一年多了。OPF于2020年8月启用，Coinbase Pro和Uniswap迅速提供了价格报告。 The application of Compoun, which leads DeFi, has been working on its Open Price Feed (OPF) for more than a year. 在同一个月，OKEx还发布了自己的预言机。该服务基于OPF标准，旨在添加另一个可靠的价格数据源，以供Compound和其他DeFi应用程序使用。 In the same month, OKEx also released its own pro forma machine. The service is based on OPF standards and is designed to add another reliable price data source for use by Comboud and other DeFi applications. 在谈到像Chainlink、BandChain等受到一致认可的预言机系统能否与类似的提供数据的行业重量级企业竞争时，OKEx预言机背后的团队评论道： Commenting on whether a well-recognized prophesy system such as Chainlink, Band Chain and others could compete with similar industry heavyweight companies that provide data, the team behind the OKEx prophecies commented: “不同的数据类型将来自不同的数据源，因此，将出现各种各样的预言机类型和提供程序。 这些预言机会因为衡量其数据准确性以及正常运行时间在可信赖性方面有所不同。” “The different types of data will come from different data sources and, as a result, there will be a wide variety of pro forma types and pro forma processes that differ in terms of trustability as a result of measuring their data accuracy and normal running times.” “OKEx的预言机将是OKEx市场数据中最值得信赖的。这意味着没有其他预言机能保证它比我们更了解我们许多市场的价格。诸如Chainlink之类的服务可能会继续存在，作为一种聚合不太可靠的数据预言以及在服务中断的情况下提供备份的方法。此外，诸如Chainlink之类的预言机也可能会提供不真实来源的数据类型（例如，今天纽约有多少只狗？）。” “OKEx's pro forma will be the most trusted of the OKEx market data. This means that there is no other pro forma to ensure that it knows more about the prices of many of our markets than we do. Services such as Chainlink may continue to exist as a less reliable data prophecies for aggregation and as a way to provide backup in case of service interruptions. In addition, pro forma machines such as Chainlink may provide types of data from unreal sources (e.g. how many dogs are in New York today”). 区块链预言机：大肆炒作，但潜力巨大 显然，区块链预言机以某种形式或形式是有前途的。如果没有外部数据，智能合约的实用性将仅限于仅依赖链上数据的那些应用程序。日益增长的DeFi行业已经为现有的预言机平台提供了一个使用案例。未来智能合约技术的采用，最终也会给其他行业带来对预言机服务的巨大需求。 In the absence of external data, the utility of smart contracts will be limited to applications that rely only on chain data. The growing DeFi industry has already provided a case for the use of existing prophesy platforms. Tellor的联合创始人Michael Zemrose在与OKEx Insights的电子邮件交流中指出，市场才刚刚开始了解预言机在智能合约技术的普及中扮演的角色： Michael Zemrose, a co-founder of Tellor, in an e-mail exchange with OKEx Insights, pointed out that the market is only just beginning to understand the role played by prophecy machines in the spread of smart contract technology: “我认为2020年是大多数人最先了解预言机及其在智能合约安全中作为加密基础架构关键部分的重要性的一年。市场理解这种价值是有道理的。” "I think 2020 is the first year for most people to understand the prophecies and their importance as a key part of the encryption infrastructure in smart contract security. Markets understand this value for a reason." 但是，当前的解决方案显然存在问题。以太坊Gas价格上涨以及DeFi本身的固有风险可能使预言机在实际应用中苦苦挣扎，直到实现规模扩展或预言机服务的其他应用程序获得发展。该项目的首席执行官表示，诚然，Band Protocol最近在Cosmos区块链上启动了BandChain，专门用于“避开以太坊的拥塞问题”。这将保护它免受汽油价格上涨的影响，且不会受到DeFi市场突然萎缩的影响。 The project’s CEO said that, of course, Band Protocol had recently launched Band Chain on the Cosmos block chain, which was dedicated to “avoiding from Etheria’s congestion.” This would protect it from the impact of rising gasoline prices and from the sudden contraction of the DeFi market. DeFi最大的项目，例如Compound和Maker，也一直在开发解决自己问题的预言机作为解决问题的方案。同时，像OKEx和Coinbase这样的大型行业平台，现在都通过Compound的Open Price Feed直接将其数据提供给去中心化应用程序。鉴于数据价格相当低，那些当前为区块链“中间者”提供商提供基本价值的项目可能只是提供了一种更便宜的选择。 DeFi’s largest projects, such as Compound and Maker, have also been developing prophecies to solve their problems as solutions. Meanwhile, large industry platforms like OKEx and Coinbase now offer their data directly to decentralised applications through Open Price Feed at Compound. 正如上面引述的OKEx预言机团队所暗示的那样，加密货币交易所可以提供的数据类型存在限制。尽管它们的价格提高了DeFi应用程序的安全性和可靠性，但他们无法获得非财务数据。当智能合约的使用扩展到其他行业时，像Chainlink这样旨在简化非金融数据在区块链系统中使用的工作可能具有优势。 Although their prices increase the security and reliability of the DeFi applications, they do not have access to non-financial data. When the use of smart contracts is extended to other industries, jobs such as Chainlink, which aim to simplify the use of non-financial data in block chain systems, may have advantages. 通过降低使用智能合约技术的技术准入门槛，此类项目使开发人员可以更轻松地创建创新的非DeFi应用程序，而无需自己解决预言机问题。 这很可能会引发无数行业采用智能合约的浪潮，从而为预言机服务提供一个新的市场，从而减少对集中式数据参考点的依赖。 By lowering the technological access threshold for the use of smart contract technology, such projects allow developers to create innovative non-DeFi applications more easily than they need to solve their own problems. This is likely to trigger a wave of smart contracts in countless industries, thus providing a new market for the prophecy service, thereby reducing reliance on centralized data reference points. 预言机以某种形式或将以某种形式，肯定会使加密货币行业扩展到令人兴奋的新领域。 但是，诸如LINK，BAND和TRB之类的预言机协议代币价格的快速上涨表明，这是对未来实用性的一种期望，而不是目前的使用，这正在激发投资。 Prophecies, in some form or form, will certainly expand the crypto-currency industry to exciting new areas. But, as the rapid rise in proxies such as LINK, BAND, and TRB suggests, this is an expectation of future utility rather than its current use, which is stimulating investment.
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