警惕！有的人披着“区块链”的外衣炒作行骗

　　从幕后走到台前，区块链技术火热背后，另一场“盛宴”却在暗流涌动。炒作数字货币“割韭菜”、发行毫无价值的“空气币”、打着区块链旗号传销诈骗……借区块链之名的招摇撞骗大有抬头之势。

From behind the scenes to the stage, the technology of the block chain is on the back of the tide, while the “breathing” is on the back of the tide. The frenzy of digital money, “clicted vegetables”, the distribution of worthless “air coins”, the distribution of frauds under the banner of the block chain... The stomping in the name of the block chain is on the rise.

　　披“区块链”外衣炒作数字货币

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　　天津市民刘鹏2014年开始接触并购买比特币，经历过多轮市场炒作吸引散户追高后“割韭菜”。他说，购买数字货币与其说是投资，更多时候不过是带着投机心理与风险博弈，“无论赌输赌赢，最终大多只剩一地鸡毛，真正赚钱的寥寥无几。”

Citizens of Tianjin Liu began contacting and buying bitcoin in 2014 and went through multiple rounds of market frenzy and “circumcising vegetables” after attracting the homeless. He said that buying digital money was not so much an investment, but more often with speculation and risk games, and that “whatever wins or loses, most of the time there is only one piece of chicken hair, and there is very little real money to make.”

　　10月25日，每枚在8000美元上下徘徊多时的比特币突然发力，至26日一举突破1万美元大关，最高涨幅超过30%。

On 25 October, after a sudden surge of Bitcoin, which hovered over $8,000 per piece, the threshold of $10,000 was broken by 26 October, with a maximum increase of more than 30 per cent.

　　截至11月18日12时，比特币总市值超过1545亿美元，这一体量完全可与一家知名上市公司匹敌。但备受质疑的是，除暴涨暴跌带来投机炒作，实际应用迟迟未见。

As at 1200 hours on 18 November, the total market value of Bitcoin was over $154.5 billion, a volume that could well match that of a well-known listed company. However, it was doubtful that, in the absence of a surge or collapse, speculation would lead to a delay in its application.

　　再度开始活跃的还有发币公司以及币圈自媒体。近期，一些非法发币机构身处海外，利用社交软件推销代币。“他们宣称‘数字货币就是区块链’，这其实是对区块链技术的有意曲解。”专家称。

In recent years, some illegal money senders have been overseas using social software to sell tokens. “They claim that ‘digital money is a block chain’, which is a deliberate misinterpretation of block chain technology.” The experts say.

　　针对网传人民银行已发行法定数字货币，11月13日央行专门在其官网辟谣，人民银行未发行法定数字货币，也未授权任何资产交易平台进行交易。人民银行从2014年开始研究法定数字货币，目前仍处于研究测试过程中。

In response to the issuance of statutory digital currency by the People’s Bank, on November 13, the Central Bank issued a rumour on its official network that the Bank did not issue legal digital currency, nor did it authorize any asset trading platform to carry out transactions. The Bank began studying the legal digital currency in 2014 and is still in the process of testing it.

　　区块链成了传销诈骗“招牌”

　　区块链技术的火热，也让一些假借区块链之名、行传销诈骗之实的恶行死灰复燃。

The heat of block chain technology has also rekindled some of the evils of selling fraud in the name of the block chain.

　　中国区块链应用研究中心理事长郭宇航表示，最近他在中部某省调研时，该省金融部门官员透露，当地已累计查处40多起打着区块链旗号的非法集资案件，最严重的一起涉案金额高达20多亿元。

Kwok, Director-General of the China Block Chain Applied Research Centre, stated that during his recent research in a central province, financial sector officials in the province had revealed that more than 40 illegal fund-raising cases, under the banner of the block chain, had been investigated locally, with the most serious involvement amounting to more than 2 billion yuan.

　　不久前，一款自称“基于区块链技术开发”的运动App被湖南长沙市有关部门立案调查。该软件被指为“典型的金字塔传销模型”，是传统传销手段结合“区块链”“大健康”等新概念的结果。

Recently, the app of a campaign calling itself “block chain-based technological development” was investigated by the authorities in Changsha City in Hunan. The software was referred to as a “typical pyramid distribution model” and was the result of a combination of traditional means of distribution with new concepts such as “big health” in the block chain.

　　类似案件今年以来呈多发态势。江苏省苏州市、盐城市等多地破获以区块链名义实施的诈骗案。湖南省衡阳市警方今年5月破获一起诈骗案，作案团伙以区块链为噱头，发行没有价值的“空气币”，募集到价值近3.5亿元的以太坊。

In May this year, the police of Huannan province opened a case of fraud in the name of a block chain in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, Salt City, etc. A group of criminals using a block chain to issue worthless “air coins” to collect nearly 350 million dollars worth of money from Etheria.

　　在曝光的假借区块链传销、集资诈骗的案例中，“拉人头”的特征十分明显。他们往往利用大众不熟悉区块链但听说过比特币“造富神话”的心理，为非法行为披上“时髦”外衣，承诺低投入、高收益，发展下线回报更高，不明真相者就很容易上当受骗。

In exposed cases of pseudo-block chain distribution and fund-raising fraud, the characteristics of “publishing heads” are obvious. They often take advantage of the public's lack of familiarity with block chains but have heard of Bitcoin's “fashion-rich myths” to wear “fashion” coats for illegal acts, promise low input and high returns, and develop lower-end returns, and people who do not know the truth can easily fall prey to deception.

　　行业专家称，“空气币”尽管可能真的用了区块链技术，但发行目的却描绘得过于宏大，如“人类健康”“重构商业模式”，几乎不可能实现。一旦投资者入套，资金积累到可观数量，项目发行方就有很大概率跑路，投资者血本无归。

According to industry experts, “air coins” may actually use block chain technology, but distribution purposes such as “human health” “reconstructed business models” are too ambitious to be achieved. Once investors are in a position to accumulate significant amounts of money, the project issuer has a high probability of running away and the investor’s blood is lost.

　　当前，不少上市公司有意搭上区块链这班快车。据统计，3000多家A股上市公司中，超过500家自称同区块链有关联，但真正披露具体区块链业务内容且属实的只有不到40家。“蹭热点”现象十分突出。

Currently, a number of listed companies are interested in the fast-tracking of block chains. More than 500 of the more than 3,000 A-stocks are listed, claiming to be connected to block chains, but less than 40 are actually disclosing the content of specific block chains.

　　穿透迷雾认清本质

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　　“区块链与比特币之间不能画等号，显然也不等同于‘暴富’。”多位业内人士向记者强调，区块链是一种底层技术，依托于这种技术诞生了比特币等一众数字货币，但不能因此就混淆在一起。

“There can be no equivalence between the block chain and Bitcoin, and it is clearly not the same as the `breath of wealth'.” Several businessmen have stressed to journalists that the block chain is a bottom-line technology, based on which a number of digital currencies, such as Bitcoin, are born, but it cannot be confused.

　　发现真相需要穿透重重迷雾。除了加大区块链知识的普及，让大众了解并能识别披着“区块链”外衣的传销诈骗之外，更关键的是监管也要与时俱进。

Finding the truth requires penetrating the fog. In addition to increasing knowledge of the block chain, making it known to the public and recognizing the distribution fraud in the cloak of the “block chain”, it is vital that regulation evolves over time.

　　专家指出，要加强监管科技的应用。多数以区块链为名的传销项目，都会在网络上频繁传播、留痕，借助现有金融科技监管手段，就有可能及时发现、查处。

Experts point to the need to strengthen regulation of the application of technology. Most distribution projects in the name of block chains are frequently distributed on the Internet, with traces, and it is possible to detect and trace them in a timely manner by using existing financial and technological regulatory instruments.

　　火币集团研究院高级研究员马天元认为，区块链正在广泛地与实体经济结合，并在物联网、智能制造、用户征信等各领域发挥积极作用。只有善加利用，才能真正将潜能发挥出来。

In the view of the Senior Research Fellow at the Treasure Group Institute, Martian Won, the block chain is being broadly integrated with the real economy and plays an active role in areas such as material networking, smart manufacturing, and user mail. Only by making good use of it can its potential be truly realized.

　　金融分析师肖磊提醒，在区块链应用的商业模式尚未成熟时，要防止区块链技术的发展借政策支持成为新的资本“黑洞”，杜绝盲目及跟风投资。

Financial analysts Xiao Xiao cautioned that, when the business model applied to block chains is not yet mature, it is important to prevent the development of block chain technologies with policy support to become new capital “black holes” and to eliminate blindness and investment.

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