无辜女孩死亡，喊不醒疯狂韩国人
来源：南风窗
Source: South Wind Window
作者 | 非田
author > > > > >. . >..................................................
“炒币就是赌博，而赌庄几乎占有100%的优势。”
. "Finding money is gambling, and casinos have an almost 100% advantage."
2023年2月2日，在一篇专栏文章中，伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的副董事长查理·芒格写下这句话。
, 2 February 2023, in an op-ed article, Charlie Munger, Deputy Chairman of Birkhter Hassaway, wrote this.
他敦促美国政府像中国那样，禁止加密货币。他认为，缺乏监管导致了令人无法容忍的过度行为和赌博心态。
He urged the U.S. government to ban encrypted currency like China. He argued that the lack of regulation had led to intolerable excesses and gambling mentality.
然而，韩国人可能并不会理会这位股神巴菲特“黄金搭档”的任何建议。
, however, the Koreans may not heed any of the advice of Buffett's Golden Partner.
目睹了韩元不断贬值、自身财富不断缩水，韩国人无比害怕历史重演。
has witnessed the continuous devaluation of the won, the shrinking of its wealth, and the fear of the Koreans of a repetition of history.
此时，加密货币仍给了他们一个虚假的希望。
At this point, the encoded currency gives them a false hope.
一旦希望破灭，他们甚至搭上了性命。
, when hope is broken, they even take their lives.
赌上性命的赵友娜一家
"Strong" is the family of Zhao Yo Na.
2022年6月29日，在韩国全罗南道莞岛郡，一辆银色奥迪汽车从海水养殖场里被打捞了上来。
June 29, 2022, a silver-coloured Audi car was recovered from a seawater farm in Kiyoshima County, All South Province, Korea.
车内3具尸体已经腐烂。
Three bodies in the car are decomposed.
经检验，3人就是光州失踪的一家人。
has been tested that three people are the missing family in Guangzhou.
牵动韩国人心的“赵友娜失踪案”以悲剧收场，年仅10岁的赵友娜或许至死都无法理解，为何说好要带自己出去玩的父亲，却开车载着一家人一起冲向海底，不带一丝犹豫。
ended with the tragic disappearance of Zhao Yo Na, a 10-year-old who probably couldn't understand why his father, who agreed to take herself out to play, drove a family to the bottom of the sea without hesitation.
悲剧，源于赵友娜父亲的巨额债务。
The tragedy comes from the huge debt of Zhao Yo Na's father.
在光州经营着一家电脑销售公司的他，此前迷上了在韩国十分火爆的加密货币Luna币。
2022年5月中旬开始，曾一度飙升至120美元的Luna币出现了断崖式崩盘，跌幅超过99%，赵友娜的父亲血本无归。
Starting in mid-May 2022, the Lunacoin, once skyrocketed to $120, fell by more than 99 per cent and Zhao Yo Na's father lost his blood.
约1.5亿韩元（约人民币77万元）的债务，成为压垮赵友娜双亲精神意志的最后一根稻草，一场人伦惨剧随即上演。
在韩国，像赵友娜父亲一样热衷于炒币的人不在少数。 2022年一季度，韩国国内四大加密货币交易所上，新增了250万个新账户。相关统计显示，平均不到5个韩国年轻人中，就有1个在炒加密货币。 In the first quarter of 2022, two and a half million new accounts were added to the country's four major encrypted currency exchanges. Statistics show that, on average, one of less than five young Koreans is working on encrypted currency. 加密货币在韩国的盛行，与该国严重的贫富分化和阶级固化不无关系。 The prevalence of the encrypted currency of 面对看不到出头希望的日子，韩国不少年轻人开始以孤注一掷的赌博心态加入“炒币”行业。 , faced with a lack of hope, many young Koreans have begun to enter the “fiction” industry with a desperate gambling mentality. 赢则富贵逍遥，输则麻浦大桥（韩国著名自杀点）——成为不少韩国年轻人的精神信条。 wins and loses Mapo Bridge - the spiritual tenets of many young Koreans. 世界第三大加密货币交易所FTX，因其发行的FTT代币而破产，引发韩国各界高度关注。韩国金融信息分析院以韩国国内所有加密货币交易所为对象，展开全面调查。 The FTX, the world's third largest encrypted currency exchange, has become a source of great concern to all Koreans because of its bankruptcy of issuing FTT tokens. The Korea Financial Information Analysis Institute conducts a comprehensive investigation of all encrypted currency exchanges in the country. 就在昨天，2023年2月6日，韩国金融服务委员会（FSC）正式公布了证券型代币（STO）指南，可能被归类为证券的数字资产示例包括提供企业运营股份、股息或剩余财产权，或让发行人将企业产生的利润归于投资者的资产。 just yesterday, 6 February 2023, the Korea Financial Services Commission (KFSC) officially published a securities-type token (STO) guide. Examples of digital assets that may be classified as securities include offering shares in the business, dividends or surplus property rights, or allowing issuers to attribute profits from the business to the investor's assets. 具有证券特征的加密货币或其他数字资产将受到《资本市场法》的监管，而那些在该定义之外的将受到目前正在准备的数字资产法规的监管。 encoded currency or other digital assets with security characteristics will be regulated by the Capital Markets Act, while those outside that definition will be regulated by digital asset legislation currently being prepared. FSC 将在 2023 年上半年提交一份提案，将此类更新纳入现有金融法。 FSC will submit a proposal in the first half of 2023 to incorporate such updates into existing financial legislation. 此外，韩国最大的证券公司新韩证券周一宣布，它已经组建了所谓的“STO 联盟”，以扩大证券代币生态系统。 In addition, the largest Korean securities firm, the New Korea Securities Corporation, announced on Monday that it had formed the so-called “STO Alliance” to expand the securities token ecosystem. 金融风暴变相催生币圈繁荣 如今的韩国，是全球加密货币交易最兴盛的地区之一。 Korea is today one of the most encrypt currency transactions in the world. 2018年，韩国比特币交易量仅次于日本和美国，位居全球第三；韩国招聘网站Samurain在当年的调查显示，31.3%的受访者曾投资加密货币。 2018, Korea's Bitcoin trade was second only to Japan and the United States, ranked third in the world; the Korean recruitment website Samurain's survey of that year showed that 31.3 per cent of respondents had invested in encrypted currency. 韩国金融服务委员会最新报告称，韩国炒加密货币的20—39岁年轻人共有308万人，达到该年龄段人口（1343.1万）的23%，占比接近1/4。 According to the latest report of the Korea Financial Services Commission , there are 3.08 million young Koreans aged 20-39 years, accounting for 23 per cent of the population in that age group (1.3431 million). 韩国币圈的火热，与其在1997年亚洲金融风暴中的屈辱历史不无关系。 The hotness of the Korean currency ring has nothing to do with its history of humiliation in the Asian financial storm of 1997. 1997年1月，韩国第二大钢铁企业韩宝钢铁宣告破产，引发连锁反应。持有该企业商票的小企业主多年积累的家业，一夕之间变成了废纸。更多工厂停工，人员失业，物价飞涨，让韩国人引以为傲的“汉江奇迹”成为过去。 In January 1997, the second largest steel company in Korea, Han Bo Steel, was declared bankrupt, triggering a chain reaction. Small business owners who held the business tickets had accumulated for many years and turned into scrap paper overnight. More factories stopped working, people lost their jobs, prices skyrocketed, and Koreans were proud of the Han River miracle. 走投无路的韩国政府，被迫在1997年12月与国际货币基金组织签下“城下之盟”，换得550亿美元贷款的同时，不得不捏着鼻子开展包括重大企业重组、银行合并、开放金融和市场在内的诸多“经济改革”。 The desperate Korean government, forced to switch loans of $55 billion in December 1997 under a “undertown alliance” with the International Monetary Fund, had to squeeze its nose to carry out a number of “economic reforms”, including major business restructuring, bank consolidation, opening up finance and markets. 多方努力下，韩国最终熬过了这场危机，但就在短短一年间，韩国的绝对贫困人口从1996年的4.3%猛增到了14.9%。 As a result of 目睹了韩元不断贬值、自身财富不断缩水，韩国人无比害怕历史重演，总在寻求一个让自己资产更能“保值”的方式。 has witnessed the continuous devaluation of the Korean won and the shrinking of its own wealth, and Koreans, fearing a repetition of history, are always looking for a way to make their assets more “value-saving”. 加密货币无疑给了他们一个希望，即便这个希望如同泡沫——看似光彩照人，却一碰就破。 社会不公助推“炒币”热 当正常努力难以实现阶级跃升的情况下，希望通过炒币一夜暴富，成了很多韩国年轻人心照不宣的选择。 , when normal efforts are hard to achieve a class leap, hopes to make a lot of South Korean youth an unspoken choice by selling money overnight. 2015年，韩国统计局调查称，有约七成的年轻人认为不平等是一个主要的社会问题。 in 2015, a survey by Statistics Korea reported that about 70 per cent of young people consider inequality to be a major social problem. 2016年，全球不平等实验室发布报告称，韩国收入前10%的人群，收入占总收入的43.3%，收入不平等程度高于美国以外的大多数发达国家。 In 2016, the Global Inequality Laboratory released a report that the top 10 per cent of Korean income accounted for 43.3 per cent of total income and that income inequality was higher than in most developed countries outside the United States. 6年后，这一情况仍未见改善。该机构不久前发布的报告显示，韩国收入前10%者的收入占总收入的46%。 Six years after , the situation has not improved. A recent report issued by the Agency shows that the top 10 per cent of Korean income accounts for 46 per cent of total income. 让韩国年轻人感到不安的，还有首尔持续高涨的房价。 upsets young Koreans, as well as the rising housing prices in Seoul. 2021年1月，时任韩国总统文在寅向公众鞠躬道歉——首尔平均房价在此前一年里上涨约20%，自文在寅上台后累计上涨47%，首次突破1200万韩元（约人民币7万元）/平米。 In January 2021, the then President of the Republic of Korea bowed to the public with an apology - the average house price in Seoul rose by about 20 per cent in the previous year, cumulatively by 47 per cent after he came to power, breaking 12 million won (approximately 70,000 yuan)/pym for the first time. 此后，韩国更是曝出公职人员利用内幕消息炒房，500余人被送检。 Since then, more than 500 people have been screened in Korea by public officials who have been exposed to the use of inside information. 财阀把控，官商勾结，看不到出头之日的韩国年轻人自然愿意投入“币圈”的怀抱。 “炒币”一度成为韩国年轻人标榜个性、展现反抗精神的途径。 > > was once a way for young Koreans to mark personality and show resistance. . 时间回到2018年1月，韩国金融服务委员会与央行同时表态，重申加密货币不是合法货币，称正考虑关闭所有的本地加密货币交易所。 Back in January 2018, the Korea Financial Services Commission and the Central Bank made a parallel statement reiterating that encrypted currency is not legal and stating that consideration is being given to closing all local encrypted currency exchanges. 消息立刻让韩国币圈中人炸锅。当天，反对政府进一步管控加密货币的请愿书被发布在青瓦台国民请愿公告栏上，在短时间内得到20万民众的支持。 The news of immediately caused people in the Korean currency ring to blow the pot. On the same day, a petition against further government control of the encrypted currency was published on the Qingwatai National Petitions Bulletin, with the support of 200,000 people in a short period of time. 请愿书中那句“40—50岁的人都在投机炒房，我们20—30岁的人炒币，不过是在向前辈‘学习’而已”，在韩国年轻人中广为流传。 In the petition, the phrase “40-50-year-olds are speculating, and we 20-30-year-olds are just `learning'”, is widely circulated among young Koreans. 面对激愤的民意，韩国相关部门负责人逐步改口，不再以强硬态度对待加密货币。 , faced with an uproar of public opinion, the heads of the relevant departments of the Republic of Korea gradually changed their mouths and stopped treating encrypted currency in a tough manner. 就连后来的总统选举中，两位主要候选人为了赢得更多来自年轻人的选票，都将支持加密货币纳入自己的竞选承诺。共同民主党候选人李在明展示了一系列支持加密货币的规划，而尹锡悦则宣称将制定旨在振兴区块链和加密货币交易行业的政策。 Even in the subsequent presidential elections, the two leading candidates will support the inclusion of encrypted currency in their campaign commitments in order to win more votes from young people. The co-DP candidate, Li Jingming, has shown a series of plans to support encrypted currency, while Yoon Si Jin has announced that he will develop policies aimed at revitalizing the block chain and the crypto-money trading industry. 崩盘也挡不住的疯狂 "Strong" is a crazy thing that can't stop it. 请愿的成功让韩国年轻人取得了精神上的胜利。而一则自称炒币发家后果断辞职的新闻，也在进一步撩拨着韩国年轻人的神经。 The success of the "font" petition has given South Korean youth a spiritual victory. And a news story calling itself a stupendous resignation after the starter is further strangling the nerves of South Korean youth. 2021年4月，一封辞职信在韩国社交媒体上流传。 , April 2021, a letter of resignation was circulated in Korean social media. 该信作者自称是三星员工，靠炒币狂赚400多亿韩元（超人民币2亿元）后果断辞职。据韩媒考证，该员工炒币收益具体数额难以考证，但内容却相当切中时下韩国年轻人的情绪。 The author of the letter claims to be a Samsung employee, earning more than 40 billion won (US$ 200 million above RMB) and resigns in a decisive manner. According to the Korean media, the employee’s payback is difficult to prove, but the content is quite modest in terms of the mood of young Koreans. 这个通过炒币实现财务自由的故事广为传播，让年轻人很难再保持平常心；押上全部存款乃至贷款炒币的现象，越来越普遍。 , a story of financial freedom achieved through currency speculation, has been widely disseminated, making it difficult for young people to remain normal again; it is becoming more common to bet on all deposits and even loans. 2021年3月，比特币突破6万美元（人民币40.5万元）/枚，创下新高。前后不过一个月的时间，比特币美元指数就从5万美元涨到6万美元，这样飞涨的速度彻底点燃韩国人的“炒币”热情。 March 2021, Bitcoin outpaced $60,000 (405,000 yuan)/pieces, reaching a new height. In just one month, the Bitcoin dollar index rose from $50,000 to $60,000, which completely ignited the Korean “funt” enthusiasm. 靡不有初，鲜克有终。 >. >. >. . >. . . 2021年末，疯狂上涨的比特币开始跳水，比特币美元指数从最高时接近6.9万美元，狂跌至2022年6月底的3.17万美元，而韩国人最为钟爱的加密货币Luna币，也在该年5月崩盘，在48小时内疯狂贬值99%。 At the end of 2021, the insanely rising bitcoin began to dive, with the Bitcoin dollar index falling from close to US$ 69,000 at its highest point to US$ 317,000 at the end of June 2022, while the Korean favorite encrypted currency, Lunacoin, crashed in May of that year, depreciating by 99 per cent in 48 hours. 同样难以挽回的，还有借钱炒币者的人生。 is also difficult to recover, and there is the life of a man who borrows money for his money. 据韩国《朝鲜日报》报道，Luna币暴跌后，以韩国著名自杀地麻浦大桥为关键词进行搜索的次数明显上升，文章开头赵友娜一家，也是Luna币的直接受害者。 reported in Korea's daily Korean newspaper that the number of searches using the famous Korean suicide site Mapo Bridge as the key word had risen following the sharp fall of Luna's currency, and that at the beginning of the article Zhao Yo Na's family was also the direct victim of Luna's currency. 未经他人苦，莫劝他人善。站在外人的视角，或许很难理解韩国民众对于炒币的疯狂。 does not counsel others to do good. It may be difficult to understand Korean people's madness about coins from outside. 炒币本身并非赌博，但对于毫无金融知识、只想跟风的人而言，盲目追逐加密货币与赌博在本质上没有太大区别。 is not a gamble per se, but for people who have no financial knowledge and only want to follow the wind, the blind pursuit of encrypted money is not so different from gambling. 不幸的是，这样的人在韩国的炒币者中不是少数。 Unfortunately, such a person is not in the minority among South Korean coffers. 昔日足球豪门俱乐部首尔FC成绩不佳，有媒体曝出是因为队员沉溺于炒币而无心踢球。 如今，炒币的风潮席卷韩国多个领域。讲述炒币故事的小说一经出版，就在韩国成为爆款畅销书。 now, the boom in currency is sweeping across many areas in Korea. Once published, the story of the coins becomes a flashbook in Korea. 令人遗憾的是，炒币终究是个零和游戏，有人欢喜就必定有人愁。 Unfortunately, it's a zero-sum game, and someone who's happy must be sad. 在信息极度不对称情况下，普通人想借助炒币翻身很可能比中彩票还难，炒币暴富对于大多数韩国人而言，很可能只是一个遥不可及的神话。 is likely to be harder than winning a lottery if the information is highly asymmetrical. is likely to be a distant myth for most Koreans. 本文首发于南风窗旗下财经新媒体盐财经 来源：南风窗 Source: South Wind Window
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