2018年半月谈第17期

　　下面是网页阅读版：

Below is a Web-based reading version:

　　半月评论

　　1  让农民参与，让农民满意

　　9月23日，农历秋分，我国亿万农民将迎来第一个属于他们自己的节日——“中国农民丰收节”。“中国农民丰收节”不仅是农民庆祝丰收、享受丰收的好日子，也是五谷丰登、国泰民安最生动的体现。

On 23 September, in the fall of the agricultural calendar, hundreds of millions of our farmers will be celebrating their first holiday — the “China Peasant Harvest Festival.” The “China Peasant Harvest Festival” is not only a good day for farmers to celebrate their harvests and enjoy them, but is also the most vivid expression of the five valleys of Fong Tent, and of the nation's people.

　　改革开放40年，我国农业、农村和农民经历了前所未有的蜕变，特别是党的十八大以来，“三农”发展更是取得历史性成就：连年丰收，我国粮食生产能力连续5年稳定在1.2万亿斤以上;农民富裕，脱贫攻坚甩穷帽，农村居民人均可支配收入超过13000元;古老农村换新装，美丽乡村、绿色发展、“厕所革命”、四好农村路建设，一项项农村改革带动美丽蜕变……

40 years of reform and opening up, the country's agriculture, rural areas and farmers have experienced unprecedented transformations, especially since the Party's eighteenth birthday, and the development of the “Three Farmers” has been a historic achievement: the country's food production capacity has stabilized for five consecutive years at more than 1.2 trillion pounds after harvest; farmers are rich and free from poverty, and rural residents have a disposable income of more than 13,000 yuan; ancient villages have changed, beautiful villages, green development, the “basket revolution”, four good rural roads have been built, and a rural reform has led to a beautiful transformation...

　　“丰收”对亿万农民来说，已经不仅仅是粮满仓，更是生活富裕、环境优美、社会稳定的新时代新农村幸福生活的象征。

For hundreds of millions of farmers, the “breathing harvest” is a symbol of a new and happy rural life in a new era of wealth, a better environment and social stability.

　　办好“中国农民丰收节”，要坚持以农民为主体。要生动表现农民的幸福生活，要让全社会都感受到丰收的喜悦，让世界各国了解中国农民的节日。丰收节是中国农民的节日，农民广泛参与是关键。要把广大农民的积极性调动起来，充分发挥农民群众的智慧和力量，支持鼓励农民自发开展与生产生活生态相关的庆祝活动，实现农民的节日农民乐。

Establish the “China Farmers' Harvest Festival” and insist that farmers be the majority. To express the happiness of the farmers, the whole society must feel the joy of the harvest and make the world aware of the Chinese farmers’ festivals.

　　近些年来，随着城镇化进程的不断加快，不少农民离开农村走向城镇，更有不少年轻一代从未接触过农业，少了对农业的感情。借着“中国农民丰收节”的东风，要让农民真切地感受到劳作和创造的自豪，感受到国家和全社会的瞩目，同时也可以吸引更多社会力量关注农业，了解农民，培育“三农”情感，尊重农业生产，唤醒深藏在人们心底对田园故土的那份向往和乡愁。

In recent years, as the urbanization process has accelerated, many farmers have left the countryside for towns and cities, and many younger generations have never been exposed to agriculture and have less feelings for it. Using the east wind of the China Farmers Harvest Festival, farmers must feel the pride of hard work and creativity, the country and society as a whole, while also attracting more social attention to agriculture, understanding farmers, nurturing the feelings of the Three Farmers, respecting agricultural production, and awakening the hope and frustrations of the people in their hearts and minds over the land of the fields.

　　办好“中国农民丰收节”，要充分体现“三农”改革发展的成就。“中国农民丰收节”是对丰收的礼赞。改革开放40年，我国农业生产、农村面貌、农民生活发生了翻天覆地的变化，开创了农业生产连年丰收、农民生活显著改善、农村社会和谐稳定的新局面，“中国农民丰收节”提供了一个平台，是向全世界展现我国“三农”改革发展成果最好的窗口。

The completion of the “China Peasant Harvest Festival” to fully reflect the achievements of the “Three Farmers” reform and development. The “China Peasant Harvest Festival” is a tribute to the harvest. 40 years of reform and opening up, the country’s agricultural production, the rural landscape, and the lives of farmers have changed dramatically, creating a new situation in which agricultural production has grown year after year, the lives of farmers have improved significantly, and the rural society has been harmoniously stable. The “China Peasant Harvest Festival” provides a platform and provides the world with the best window to demonstrate the development results of our reform.

　　党的十八大以来，党中央、国务院出台了一系列强农惠农富农政策，通过持续推进藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略，我国粮食综合生产能力稳定在1.2万亿斤以上，这是我国农业的基本面，是我国粮食生产的能力水平，是对农民丰收的自信来源。即便个别年份，一些地区可能会出现自然灾害、粮食歉收，但通过“中国农民丰收节”庆丰收、晒丰收、话丰收、享丰收，也能提振农民丰收信心，为农民增收搭建平台。

Since the Party’s eighteenth-largest party, the Party’s central government and the State Council have introduced a series of policies for strong farmers and farmers to stabilize the country’s combined food production capacity at more than 1.2 trillion pounds through the sustained promotion of the food-storage, food-storage and technology-based strategy, which is the basic aspect of our agriculture, the level of our capacity to produce food and a source of confidence for farmers’ harvests. Even in individual years, some areas may experience natural disasters and poor harvests, but through the “China Peasant Harvest Day” harvests, harvests, harvests and harvests, they can also boost farmers’ confidence in their harvests and provide a platform for increasing farmers’ harvests.

　　办好“中国农民丰收节”，更要描绘好乡村振兴的美好愿景。农民丰收是乡村振兴的希望，乡村振兴又为农民丰收厚植沃土。“中国农民丰收节”是用最喜庆的方式勾勒出中国乡村振兴的美好蓝图，描摹出乡村振兴最美好的愿景。2018年是实施乡村振兴战略的开局之年，在今年设立“中国农民丰收节”，将有助于凝聚共同推进乡村振兴的强大力量。

Put together the “China Peasant Harvest Festival” – a better vision of rural revitalization. Farmers’ harvests are the hope of rural revitalization, which in turn provides fertile ground for farmers.

　　丰收的喜悦最能激荡对农业的热情。“中国农民丰收节”的设立不仅表明了国家对“农”的关怀、尊重和敬意，更能唤醒人们对被城市化进程遮蔽的农业发展和农村生活的热情，唤醒每个人对农民和生活本源的关心;能够吸引更多社会群体投身农业，成为新农人，激发出全社会兴农、助农、爱农的积极性和创造性，为乡村振兴集聚人才、集聚力量，同时增强亿万农民振兴乡村的热情和信心。

The establishment of the “China Farmers' Harvest Festival” not only demonstrates the State's concern for, respect for, and respect for, “farmers,” but also serves to awaken the enthusiasm for agricultural development and rural life, which has been overshadowed by the urbanization process, to awaken everyone's concern for farmers and the very origin of their lives; to attract more social groups into agriculture, to become new farmers, to stimulate the dynamism and creativity of the whole society, to gather people and strength for rural renewal, and to boost the enthusiasm and confidence of millions of farmers to revitalize their villages.

　　作为农民的节日，办好“中国农民丰收节”一定要体现农民的愿望，尊重农村的实际。办好节日，必须要抛去浮华的外衣，回归农之本色。“中国农民丰收节”既是全国的节日，也要有地方的色彩，各地可以结合当地的民俗文化、农时农事，弘扬传统文化和风俗习惯，天南地北、百花绽放。

As a farmer's holiday, the “China Farmers' Harvest Festival” must reflect the wishes of the farmers and respect the realities of the countryside. The festival must be organized in such a way as to remove the clothes of China and return to the nature of the farm.

　　值得提醒的是，“中国农民丰收节”一定要节俭朴素办节。“粒粒皆辛苦”是千百年来农事沧桑对中国人的教育。在这个喜庆丰收的日子里，我们的节日更要避免形式主义、警惕铺张浪费，用最接地气、农民最喜闻乐见的方式庆祝丰收，绝不能把节日办成花架子，增加基层和农民的负担。

It is worth recalling that “China Farmers’ Harvest Day” must be easy to organize. “All the grains are hard” is a millennia of education for Chinese people. On this day of celebration, we must avoid formalism, be vigilant and wasteful, celebrate harvests in the most accessible and popular way, and must never be made a flower rack, adding to the burden on grass-roots and farmers.

　　古老又年轻的中国，丰收依然有赖于农民的智慧和辛勤的汗水。在这个属于农民的崭新节日里，我们期待看到他们绽放灿烂的笑容。办好“中国农民丰收节”是亿万农民的期许，更凝聚着全社会的期待。只有把“中国农民丰收节”办成最有特色、最有人气、最有味道、最有影响的农民节日，才能更好地彰显“三农”工作地位，提升亿万农民的获得感、幸福感和光荣感，让全社会都共享丰收的喜悦。

Ancient and young China, where harvests are still dependent on farmers’ wisdom and hard sweat. During this new holiday, which belongs to farmers, we look forward to seeing them smile brightly.

　　半月讲解

　　2  为何要把脱贫质量放在首位？

　　今年8月19日，《中共中央 国务院关于打赢脱贫攻坚战三年行动的指导意见》（以下简称《指导意见》）发布，“坚持把提高脱贫质量放在首位”写入文件。为什么把提高脱贫质量放在首位？如何准确理解脱贫质量？

On 19 August of this year, the Chinese Communist Party (CPC) State Council's Guidance for three years of action to combat poverty (hereinafter referred to as the Guidance) issued a document entitled “Assisting that the quality of the fight against poverty should be raised first.” Why should the quality of the fight against poverty be raised first? How can the quality of the fight against poverty be accurately understood?

　　过去5年，我国推进脱贫攻坚，力度之大、规模之广、影响之深前所未有。当前，决胜脱贫攻坚，既要解决贫困人口存量大的难题，又要消除脱贫不稳定而返贫的现象。

Over the past five years, our country has advanced its fight against poverty, which is so large, so large and so far as its impact has never been greater.

　　此次《指导意见》提出的构建稳定脱贫长效机制，将有效确保脱贫质量：既要解决“两不愁、三保障”的民生急迫问题，建立防止因病致贫返贫的长效保障机制，又要考虑扶贫对象产业和就业的长远发展；既要加强建档立卡的动态管理，进一步摸清脱贫底数和返贫底数，做到“脱贫即出、返贫即入”，又要坚持脱贫不脱政策等。

The establishment of durable mechanisms for the stabilization of poverty out of poverty, as proposed in the Guidance, will effectively ensure the quality of poverty eradication: address the urgent need for “one size fits all, three guarantees” and establish long-term mechanisms to prevent the return to poverty from being caused by disease, taking into account the long-term development of industries and employment for those targeted by poverty reduction; and strengthen the dynamic management of stubble cards, further the identification of the bottoms of poverty out and back into poverty, so that poverty can be lifted and returned to poverty, and so on, while maintaining the policy of poverty eradication and non-poverty eradication.

　　脱贫攻坚进入冲刺阶段，一些问题甚至不好的偏向出现，考验着脱贫攻坚的“成色”。

The fight against poverty has entered the stupor phase, and some problems even negative biases have emerged, testing the “colour” of the fight against poverty.

　　在脱贫攻坚中，一些地方未能严格执行现行扶贫标准，扶贫工作仍欠精准； 一些地方扶贫扶出了贫困村和非贫困村、贫困户和非贫困户待遇的“悬崖效应”，留下了后遗症。

In the fight against poverty, poverty has not been strictly enforced in some parts of the world, and poverty reduction is still less precise; Poverty has left behind the “front effects” of the treatment of poor villages and non-poor villages, poor households and non-poor households.

　　在脱贫工作中，一些地方形式主义、官僚主义、弄虚作假、急躁和厌战情绪以及消极腐败现象仍然存在。

A number of local forms of poverty eradication, bureaucracy, hypocrisy, impatience and irritation, as well as passive corruption, persist.

　　如：有的不发掘内生动力，患上“政策依赖症”和“资金依赖症”；有的盲目追赶进度，不顾实际搞“提前脱贫”；有的搞层层检查和评估，导致基层干部大量精力浪费在“整材料”上……一系列扶贫问题，导致脱贫质量不高，群众获得感不强。

For example: some do not exploit endogenous dynamics and suffer from “policy dependence” and “financial dependence”; some do not follow the pace of progress despite the actual “early graduation” from poverty; others do layer checks and evaluations, which lead to a great deal of energy being wasted on “materials”... a range of poverty alleviation problems, leading to poor quality and popular awareness of poverty eradication.

　　保证脱贫方向不走偏、效果不变样，脱贫质量才能有保证。只有坚持精准扶贫、精准脱贫基本方略，做到扶持对象精准、项目安排精准、资金使用精准、措施到户精准、因村派人精准、脱贫成效精准，解决好扶持谁、谁来扶、怎么扶、如何退等问题，才能扶真贫、真扶贫，脱真贫、真脱贫。

The quality of poverty eradication can only be assured by ensuring that it is not biased and does not change its effects. Real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty, real poverty.

　　半月调查

　　概念炒作，专家跨界，传销诈骗：区块链高烧不退，引燃财富焦灼感

　　阿里巴巴董事局主席马云在天津市等主办的世界智能大会上调侃称：“蚂蚁金服有位工程师，他在相亲网站上写自己是工程师，结果没人点开他的简历。后来他改称自己是区块链工程师，一下子收到了360多封求爱信。”

The Chairman of the Board of Directors of Alibaba, Maun, at the World Smart Congress hosted by the city of Tianjin, among other things, stated: "An ant goldsuit has an engineer who wrote himself as an engineer on his blind date website, and no one opened his resume. Then he changed his name to being a block chain engineer and received more than 360 letters of love."

　　以“区块链”之名，一个被寄予厚望的技术，频频与“一夜暴富”画上等号，许多人视之为打开财富之门的金钥匙。伴随着比特币价格的大幅涨跌，其背后的区块链技术也成为各路资金争相追捧的“风口”。

In the name of the block chain, a technology that has been placed on high expectations, often with the equivalent of the one-night rich, is seen by many as a golden key to opening the door to wealth. With the sharp rise and fall of Bitcoin prices, the technology behind the block chain has become a “windlight” for money to compete with.

　　尽管区块链技术在实体经济领域尚缺乏“撒手锏”级应用，但在追逐“一夜暴富”不良社会心态的影响下，行业过度炒作现象此起彼伏，“区块链+传销”诈骗呈高发趋势。

Despite the lack of “hand-off”-level application of block chain technology in the real economy, over-inflection in the industry, influenced by the pursuit of “one-night rich” negative social mentality, is on the rise, with high trends of “block chain plus distribution” fraud.

　　雷声大、虚火旺，概念炒作滋生“奇葩项目”

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　　近年来，我国区块链行业快速发展。数据显示，截至2018年7月31日，我国企业名称、经营范围、企业简介中含“区块链”字样的企业，合计接近1.6万家，短短3年时间增长数百倍。据同花顺概念板块统计，截至今年年中，A股具有区块链概念的上市公司已达80家。

The country’s block chain industry has been growing rapidly in recent years. The data show that, as of 31 July 2018, the number of enterprises with a “block chain” in the name of their business name, scope of operation and business profile was close to 16,000, with a hundreds-fold increase in just three years.

　　南开大学经济研究所所长、首席经济学家刘刚认为，区块链最大优势在于通过技术手段，解决传统体系难以解决的“信任机制”问题。随着相关技术日渐成熟，预计将有广阔应用。

Liu Gang, the chief economist and director of the Institute of Economics at Nankai University, argues that the greatest advantage of the block chain is the technical means to solve the “trust mechanisms” that traditional systems cannot solve. As the technology matures, it is expected to be widely applied.

　　企业数量陡增的同时，区块链实际应用却远不及预期。中央财经大学中国互联网经济研究院副院长欧阳日辉说，区块链技术的应用场景目前已扩展到物联网、征信、物流、供应链金融等领域。虽然部分互联网企业及传统金融企业开始在部分项目进行尝试应用，但项目仍多属非核心项目和实验性质，离大规模全面使用尚有距离，且面临许多制度、技术规则等障碍。

While the number of businesses has increased dramatically, the physical application of the block chain has fallen far short of expectations. Oyang Yiu, Vice-President of the China Institute for Internet Economics of the Central University of Finance and Finance, said that the application of block chain technology now extends to areas such as physical networking, letters, logistics, and supply chain finance.

　　北京市金融风险管理研究院院长李永壮认为，由于缺乏成熟的商业模式和应用场景，很多区块链团队脱离真实应用，空谈区块链的前景，甚至鼓吹“一夜暴富”，概念炒作大行其道。

The President of the Beijing Municipal Institute for Financial Risk Management, Lee Young-jung, argued that, owing to the lack of a mature business model and application scene, many block-chain teams were moving away from real applications, talking about the prospects of block-linking, and even advocating the concept of “one-night rich” as a way of doing things.

　　除邀请特型演员、演艺明星参与炒作之外，一些区块链机构热衷标榜“官方背景”。许多区块链论坛都顶着“史上最官方”“最高规格”名头，试图拉着“体制内能量”背书。

In addition to inviting special actors and performers to participate in the production, some block chain institutions are keen to label “official background.” Many block chain forums, under the title “most official” “highest specification” in history, try to draw the endorsement of “institutional energy”.

　　今年5月，第三届中国金融启蒙年会上，北京市某相关部门负责人公开表示，北京不欢迎发币。而在自媒体宣传中则变为，在该部门支持下，某区块链生态投资基金正式启动。

In May of this year, at the Third China Financial Enlightenment Conference, the head of a relevant department in Beijing stated publicly that Beijing did not welcome the issuance of a currency.

　　概念炒作火热的同时，诸如“宝二爷币”“嫩模链”之类的“奇葩项目”也层出不穷。

While the concept of
is hot, there are also “freaking projects” such as the Second Master's Dollar, the Young Model Chain.

　　“区块链技术非常复杂，许多所谓‘区块链专家’并非真懂。”欧阳日辉认为，随着区块链概念热度蹿升，很多从事完全不相干研究的专家也纷纷“跨界”为区块链“站台”。“论坛开了很多，但在实际应用上效果很弱。甚至不少原来从事微商的人员，也已转战区块链。”

“Technology of block chains is complex, and many so-called “block chain experts” do not really understand.” Ouyang Ilhui argues that as the concept of block chains rises, many experts engaged in completely unrelated research “cross-border” as “stations” of the block chain. “The forum has opened a lot, but has been very ineffective in its practical application. Even many former micro-businesses have turned the chain of battle.”

　　今年8月21日晚，一批区块链微信公众号被微信官方封停，其中包括金色财经、深链财经、火币资讯、大炮评级、币世界快讯服务、每日币读等十余家在业内比较出名的大号。此前的2017年底到今年初，有超过300余家主要关注区块链项目的自媒体出现，部分“头部自媒体”的“软文”要价动辄数十万。而一些“枪手”通过网络提供“区块链白皮书”代写服务，罗列随意杜撰的知名投资机构和商界大佬，为所谓“创业团队”的“圈钱”服务。

On the night of 21 August this year, a group of microfiche publics of the block chain were shut down by micro-letters, including gold, deep-chain, gun information, artillery ratings, currency world alert services, daily currency readings, etc. More than a dozen prominent players in the business. Before the end of 2017 to the beginning of the year, more than 300 major projects focused on the sector chain appeared from the media, and some of the “soft letters” of the head from the media were worth hundreds of thousands of dollars.

　　“区块链+诈骗”花样翻新，“三大套路”诱人中招

Refurbishment of the “block chain + fraud”

　　今年8月24日，五部委联合发文称，近期一些不法分子打着金融创新、区块链的旗号，通过发行所谓“虚拟货币”“虚拟资产”“数字资产”等方式吸收资金，侵害公众合法权益。此类活动并非真正基于区块链技术，而是炒作区块链概念，行非法集资、传销、诈骗之实。

On 24 August of this year, the five ministries co-authored a communication stating that in recent times, some outlaws, under the banner of financial innovation, block chains, have absorbed funds by issuing so-called “virtual currency” “virtual assets” “digital assets” that violate the legitimate rights and interests of the public.

　　半月谈记者调查了解到，近年来打着区块链旗号的诈骗频频出现，涉案金额动辄上亿元，受害人员动辄上万人。仅在今年年初，我国利用区块链概念的传销平台就已超过3000家。

A half-month reporter survey revealed that in recent years there have been frequent frauds under the banner of the block chain, involving hundreds of millions of dollars and thousands of victims. At the beginning of this year alone, more than 3,000 distribution platforms using the block chain concept have been used.

　　——“割韭菜”。今年5月，深圳警方通报了一起集资诈骗案：深圳普银区块链集团有限公司人为操纵所谓虚拟货币“普银币”价格，一度将单价由0.5元炒至10元;当大量投资人进场后，该公司不断套现。

— “Cuting vegetables”. In May this year, Shenzhen police reported a capital fraud: Shenzhen Silver Block Chain Group Ltd. artificially manipulated the price of the so-called virtual currency “Golden Silver” by firing a single price from 0.5 to 10 dollars; when a large number of investors came in, the company continued to cash it.

　　今年4月，济南警方打掉一个打着区块链旗号的传销团伙，查获涉案资金3亿余元;该团伙先赠送出一定数量的“宝币”等所谓基于区块链技术的“虚拟货币”，然后通过人为操作将这些“虚拟货币”价格炒高，吸引投资人高位接盘，然后择高点出手进行“割韭菜”。

In April of this year, the Jinan police took down a distribution group under the banner of the block chain and seized over 300 million dollars; the group first gave a certain amount of so-called “virtual currency” based on block chain technology, such as the “gold coin”, and then artificially raised the price of these “virtual currency” to attract investors to a high-level webcam, and then chose to do the “circumcision” exercise.

　　五部委发文认为，不法分子通过幕后操纵所谓虚拟货币价格走势、设置获利和提现门槛等手段非法牟取暴利。此外，一些不法分子还以ICO(首次代币发行)、IFO(首次分叉发行)、IEO(首次交易发行)等花样翻新的名目发行代币，或打着共享经济的旗号以IMO(首次矿机发行)方式进行虚拟货币炒作，具有较强的隐蔽性和迷惑性。

Five ministries have written that outlaws are illegally profiting through behind-the-scenes manipulation of so-called virtual currency price movements, the setting of profit and withdrawal thresholds. In addition, some outlaws are issuing tokens in different ways, such as ICO (first indentation), IFO (first indentation), IEO (first in-transaction in-transaction) or using IMO (first in-transaction) as a sign of the shared economy for virtual currency production, which is more subtle and confusing.

　　——“庞氏骗局”。今年4月，西安警方破获了打着区块链旗号的“大唐币”网络传销大案，其犯罪团伙设置了28级分管代理，短短18天竟发展注册会员上万人。在去年破获的“钛克币”案中，犯罪团伙以区块链旗号掩护其传销实质，“客户”每发展一个下线租赁“矿机”，就被奖励“矿机”租赁费用的10%。而之所以引起监管部门注意，竟是因为其“区域表彰会”过于声势浩大，引发了群众投诉。业内人士认为，这些网络传销大案实质上仍是“借新还旧”“拆东墙补西墙”的“庞氏骗局”。

– “Ponzi fraud.” In April this year, the Xian police broke down a large case of the “Grand Tang” network under the banner of the block chain, with its criminal gang having set up a 28-degree division agent to develop thousands of registered members in just 18 days. In the Ticco case, which was discovered last year, the criminal gang used the “Tyco” to cover its marketing substance, and the “clients” were rewarded with 10% of the rental costs of the “mine machines” for each development of a lower line.

　　——“出口转内销”。公开信息显示，在涉案金额高达16亿元的“维卡币”案中，其传销网站及营销模式由保加利亚人组织建立，服务器设在丹麦，对外宣称是基于区块链技术、继“比特币”之后的第二代加密电子货币。李永壮认为，在我国依法取缔ICO并依法关闭境内虚拟货币交易所后，诈骗组织“出口转内销”开始增加，“土骗子”摇身一变就成了“洋教授”，进而将诈骗带回国内。

- “Export transfer inward sale.” According to public information, in the case of “Vica coins” amounting to $1.6 billion, the distribution website and marketing model were set up by Bulgarian organizations, with servers based in Denmark, claiming to be based on block chain technology and a second generation of encrypted electronic money after “bitcoin.” Lee Young-Long argued that, after our legal closure of the ICO and the legal closure of the virtual currency exchange in the country, the “export transfer inward sales” of the fraud organization began to increase, and the “digger” turned back into a “Professor of the Ocean” and took the fraud home.

　　据介绍，一些不法分子虽租用的是境外服务器搭建网站，但目标是面向境内居民远程控制实施违法活动。一些个人在聊天工具群组中声称，可获境外优质区块链项目投资额度，可以代为投资，这就极可能是诈骗活动。但由于这些不法活动资金多流向境外，因此监管和追踪的难度很大。

It is reported that some outlaws are renting websites from overseas servers, but the goal is to control illegal activities remotely for residents in the country. Some individuals in the chatting tool group claim that they can obtain the amount of investment in high-quality offshore block chain projects that they can invest in on their behalf, which is highly likely to be fraudulent.

　　冲击社会价值观，埋下风险隐患

Extortion of social values and risk pitting

　　区块链行业概念炒作、乱傍权威等乱象丛生，假借区块链名义的传销诈骗频出，扰乱了社会秩序。而许多区块链从业者热衷鼓吹“一夜暴富”，对社会风气和价值导向产生恶劣影响。区块链行业乱象丛生，在大肆消费政府威信的同时，也给社会治理、金融风险治理带来诸多难点。

The hysteria of the concept of the sector of block chains, and the proliferation of frauds in the name of the chain of blocks, disrupts social order. Many of the chain operators are keen to promote “one-night rich” and have a negative impact on the culture and value orientation of society.

　　——“勤劳致贫、炒币致富”，传播错误价值导向。在去年下半年我国叫停ICO后，许多“币圈人士”宣布转型为“链圈人士”，继续鼓吹区块链的“暴富属性”。

- “Little labor for poverty, money for enrichment” spreads misvalue orientation. After we stopped the ICO in the second half of last year, many currency circles declared the transition to “linker circles” and continued to advocate for the “rich properties” of the block chain.

　　尽管我国已明令叫停ICO，但某郭姓“币圈大佬”近日仍在社交媒体宣称，“由于ICO的出现，小团队、老百姓创业产生几十倍、上百倍的估值也得以实现”。这名“币圈大佬”不仅频频炫耀在加拿大巨资购买的庄园和豪车，还表示“币圈正在壮大，泡沫来临后，有种人选择离开，这种人变得越来越聪明;另一种人现在加入泡沫，这种人变得越来越有钱”。

Despite our express order to stop the ICO, one of Guo's “Big Money Circles” has recently declared in the social media that “As a result of the emergence of the ICO, the small team, the people's business start-ups are worth dozens of times and hundreds of times the value can be realized”. This “Big Money Circle” not only boasts frequently of estates and luxury cars purchased by Canadian giants, but also states that “The currency circle is growing, and when the bubble comes, one species chooses to leave, and this person is getting smarter; the other one now joins the bubble, and this person is getting richer”.

　　天津社会科学院社会学研究所所长张宝义认为，许多利益相关方过度炒作区块链前景，鼓吹数字货币可以使人“一夜暴富”。这种“勤劳致贫、炒币致富”的舆论怪现象进一步强化了“赶上风口赚大钱”的思维，不仅加剧了普通民众的财富焦灼感，也严重败坏了社会风气。

The Director of the Institute of Sociology of the Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, Zhang Bao Yi, argued that the over-exploitation of block chains by many stakeholders and the promotion of digital money could make people `one night rich'. This “working for poverty and money-rich” public opinion paradox further reinforced the idea of “catching up for money” and not only increased the sense of wealth of ordinary people, but also severely damaged the social culture.

　　——动辄涉及万人，挑战监管能力。业内人士认为，“区块链诈骗”普遍借助网络平台，甚至还出现“境内外互动”的现象，受骗人员动辄上万、涉案金额动辄数亿甚至数十亿，已形成明显的社会不稳定因素。

– People are often involved, challenging regulatory capacity. Industry sources argue that “block chain fraud” generally uses web platforms, and even “internal and external interactions” where the numbers of people who have been defrauded are tens of thousands and hundreds of millions or billions of dollars involved, creating a clear element of social instability.

　　在去年海口警方破获的“亚欧币”案中，犯罪团伙很快就发展会员高达4.7万余人，涉及金额40.6亿元。在被“围观群众”举报的“钛克币”案告破后，有业内人士表示，如果没有监管介入，等该公司资金链断裂自行解体时，诈骗规模很可能达百亿、受骗者数以万计。

In the case of the Aoe coin, which was uncovered by the Haiguchi police last year, criminal gangs quickly developed their membership of over 47,000 people, amounting to $4.06 billion. After the titanium coin case, which was reported by the crowd, some insiders said that, in the absence of regulatory intervention, when the company’s money chain breaks down, the fraud is likely to reach 10 billion and tens of thousands of people.

　　张宝义认为，当前许多区块链项目打着“政府支持”的旗号进行，普遍存在乱傍权威的问题，在无形中消费了政府的权威。区块链传销的参与人员推荐人头后有提成，事实上成为利益链条的一环，缺乏举报动力。有人甚至明知是骗局，仍想在骗局彻底崩盘之前“火中取栗”。而只要骗局崩盘，这些参与人员就变身为“受害者”，聚集维权，进而向政府施压。

According to Zhang Poi Yi, many of the current block chain projects are carried out under the banner of “government support” – a widespread problem of authority and the invisibility of government authority. Participants who recommend block chain sales have their heads drawn up and are in fact part of the chain of interests and lack the incentive to report them. Some people, knowing it was a fraud, still want to “crash in the fire” before the scheme collapses. As long as the scheme collapses, the participants become “victims” and come together to assert their rights, thereby exerting pressure on the government.

　　半月世界

　　4  短短5年，“一带一路”成绩单为何如此亮眼？

　　“一带一路”倡议提出5年来，因其开放合作共赢的理念，不断获得国际社会的高度认同;因其共商共建共享的原则，不断开创合作领域的崭新局面;也因其包容务实的特质，不断增加落地国人民的幸福感获得感。

Over the past five years, the < b/ > One-way initiative has gained a high degree of international acceptance for its concept of open cooperation and win-win; it has continued to create new realities in the field of cooperation because of its common and shared principles; and it has increased the sense of well-being among the people of the countries of origin by virtue of its inclusive and pragmatic character.

　　习近平总书记在推进“一带一路”建设工作5周年座谈会上发表重要讲话强调，共建“一带一路”顺应了全球治理体系变革的内在要求，彰显了同舟共济、权责共担的命运共同体意识，为完善全球治理体系变革提供了新思路新方案。

The Secretary-General of Xi Jinping, in an important speech at the 5th anniversary symposium on moving forward with the construction of the "one-way" process, stressed that building the "one-way" was in keeping with the inherent demands of the changes in the global governance system, highlighted the sense of a community of destiny shared by all and shared responsibility, and provided new ideas for improving the transformation of the global governance system.

　　参与度可观，成绩单亮眼

< strong> participation is impressive, with a single score

　　5年来，“一带一路”倡议的国际认同度不断提高，不少专家和机构对“一带一路”建设纷纷表达支持。

Over the past five years, the international recognition of the One Way initiative has increased, with a number of experts and institutions expressing support for the construction of the One Way initiative.

　　法国国际关系研究所中国问题研究主任范文丽认为，“一带一路”的概念已在国际上被广泛知晓和探讨，这是中国公共外交在推进中国理念及准则国际化上的一大成就。德国科学与政治基金会的报告认为，“一带一路”已成为全球热点议题，被世界多国寄予厚望，被不少国家视为最重大机遇。美国亚洲协会政策研究院主席陆克文认为，“一带一路”是中国进一步扩大对外开放、促进不同国家与文明相互融合的积极举措，可以成为东西方交融合作的新桥梁。俄罗斯战略研究所所长米哈伊尔弗拉德科夫认为，中国向国际社会发出的信号是清晰务实的，不要求独占，不谋求世界领导地位。卡内基国际和平基金会的多份报告认为，“一带一路”倡议和亚洲基础设施投资银行是促进亚洲与欧洲互联互通和一体化复兴的巨大机会，“一带一路”可被视为推动全球化和开放贸易的力量。

The report of the German Foundation for Science and Political Science found that the “one-way” had become a global hotspot and was viewed as the most important opportunity by many countries. The President of the Institute of Policy Studies of the Asian Association of the United States, Kevin Rudd, argued that the “one-way” was a positive initiative by China to further expand its openness to the outside world and to promote the integration of different countries and civilizations, and could become a new bridge between East and West. The President of the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies, Mikhail Vladkov, argued that China's message to the international community was clear and pragmatic and did not demand exclusive ownership and did not seek world leadership. The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace’s numerous reports suggested that the “one-way” initiative and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank offered great opportunities to promote connectivity and integration between Asia and Europe, and that the “one-way” could be seen as a force for globalization and open trade.

　　5年来，“一带一路”倡议进入了全面务实合作新阶段，仅从2017年一年的成果便可感受全面务实合作行进的速度。

Over the past five years, the “one-way” initiative has entered a new phase of comprehensive practical cooperation, with the pace of progress towards full practical cooperation being felt through the results of one year in 2017 alone.

　　2017年3月，联合国安理会一致通过关于阿富汗问题第2344号决议，呼吁国际社会凝聚援助阿富汗共识，通过“一带一路”建设等加强区域经济合作，敦促各方为“一带一路”建设提供安全保障环境、加强发展政策战略对接、推进互联互通务实合作等。

In March 2017, the United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 2344 on Afghanistan, calling on the international community to rally its assistance to Afghanistan to strengthen regional economic cooperation, including through “one-way” construction, to urge the parties to provide a secure environment for “one-way” construction, to strengthen the alignment of development policy strategies and to promote practical cooperation for connectivity.

　　4月，辽宁、浙江、河南、湖北、四川、陕西、重庆7地自贸区挂牌成立，这是我国成立的第三批自贸区，基本形成了以“1+3+7”自贸区为骨架、东中西协调、陆海统筹的全方位和高水平区域开放新格局，为加快实施“一带一路”提供了重要支撑。

In April, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Xingxi and Chongqing 7 were established as the third free-trade zone established in the country, essentially resulting in a new pattern of full-scale and high-level opening of the “1+3+7” trade zone as a skeleton, east-central-west coordination, land-cum-sea integration, providing important support for accelerating the implementation of the “one-way” zone.

　　5月，“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛举行，来自140多个国家和80多个国际组织的1600多名代表出席，盛况空前。

In May, the Summit Forum on International Cooperation "One Way" was held with an unprecedented attendance of more than 1,600 delegates from more than 140 countries and more than 80 international organizations.

　　7月，区域性国际非政府、非营利性的社会组织亚洲金融合作协会成立，搭建了致力于亚洲金融机构交流合作的又一新平台。

In July, the Asian Association for Financial Cooperation, a regional international non-governmental, non-profit social organization, was established to set up a new platform for exchange and cooperation among Asian financial institutions.

　　10月，党的十九大报告指出，要以“一带一路”建设为重点，坚持引进来和走出去并重，遵循共商共建共享原则，加强创新能力开放合作，形成陆海内外联动、东西双向互济的开放格局。

In October, the Party's nineteenth report noted the need to focus on “one-way” construction, to insist on introducing and moving forward, to adhere to the principle of common and shared business, to strengthen innovative capacity for open cooperation and to create an open pattern of territorial and maritime outreach and mutual East-West and West-West enrichment.

　　12月，亚洲基础设施投资银行宣布批准库克群岛、瓦努阿图、白俄罗斯和厄瓜多尔四个经济体的加入申请，实现了自2016年开业以来的第四次扩容，成员增加到84个，从亚洲拓展至全球。

In December, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank announced its approval of accession applications for the four economies of the Cook Islands, Vanuatu, Belarus and Ecuador, resulting in its fourth expansion since its inception in 2016, with 84 members, from Asia to the world.

　　截至2017年底，丝路基金已经签约17个项目，承诺投资约70亿美元，支持的项目所涉及的总投资额达800多亿美元;中国已累计与86个国家和国际组织签署了100份“一带一路”合作文件;中欧班列累计开行近7000列，市场化运营水平不断提升;哈萨克斯坦南线天然气管、马尔代夫惠民住房、中俄原油管道二线工程等7个大型项目竣工，中缅原油管道、蒙内铁路、萨菲尔风电项目等19个大型项目投产，中孟友谊八桥、阿穆尔天然气加工厂、巴西特高压输电项目等17个大型项目开工。

By the end of 2017, the Silk Road Fund had contracted 17 projects with a commitment of approximately $7 billion, with a total investment of over $80 billion in projects supported; China had cumulatively signed 100 “one-way” cooperation documents with 86 countries and international organizations; Central European Banley had accumulated nearly 7,000 columns, with an increasing level of marketized operations; Kazakhstan had completed seven large projects, such as the Southline Gas Pipeline, the Maldives Home for the People, the China-Russian Crude Oil Pipe 2 Project, 19 large projects, such as the China-Myanmar crude oil pipeline, the Monne Railway and the Samir Wind Project, and 17 large projects, such as the China-Mon Friendship 8 Bridge, the Amur Gas Plant and the Brazilian T-voltage Transmission Project.

　　优良基因让“一带一路”行稳致远

good genes keep the whole world safe

　　2018年是“一带一路”倡议提出的第五年，这将是一个行稳致远、继续出发的新起点。在短短的5年时间里，“一带一路”倡议如此抢眼，得益于该倡议具有和平、繁荣、开放、创新、包容的天然基因。

2018 is the fifth year of the One-way initiative, which will be a new starting point for a steady and steady start. In just five years, the One-way initiative has been so sharp that it benefits from its natural genes of peace, prosperity, openness, innovation, and inclusion.

　　“一带一路”是和平之路。“一带一路”建设离不开和平安宁的环境，习近平主席指出，要构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，打造对话不对抗、结伴不结盟的伙伴关系。各国应该尊重彼此主权、尊严、领土完整，尊重彼此发展道路和社会制度，尊重彼此核心利益和重大关切。

The "one way" is the road to peace. The "one way" builds an environment of peace and tranquillity. President Xi Jinping stated that a new form of international relations centred on cooperation and win-winness, dialogue and non-confrontational and non-aligned partnerships should be built. States should respect each other's sovereignty, dignity, territorial integrity, each other's path to development and the social system, and respect each other's core interests and concerns.

　　“一带一路”是繁荣之路。习近平主席指出，发展是解决一切问题的总钥匙。推进“一带一路”建设，要聚焦发展这个根本性问题，释放各国发展潜力，实现经济大融合、发展大联动、成果大共享。仔细对照中国官方文件，我们能清晰地发现，推动落地国家的共同发展已经成为中国对外战略的主旨之一。

“One way” is the path to prosperity. President Xi has stated that development is the key to solving all problems.

　　“一带一路”是开放之路。“一带一路”是一个开放平台，尽管是中国提出的倡议，但它属于世界，需要各国的参与，共同致力于维护和发展开放型世界经济，共同创造有利于开放发展的环境。中国的发展是开放的发展，国际产业合作是“一带一路”的重要内容。“一带一路”倡议将贸易看作是经济增长的重要引擎，着力维护多边贸易体制，推动自由贸易区建设，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。

The "one-way" is an open road. The "one-way" is an open platform that, despite China's initiative, belongs to the world and requires the participation of all countries, working together to maintain and develop an open world economy and to create an environment conducive to open development. China's development is open development, and international industrial cooperation is an important element of the "one-way" initiative.

　　“一带一路”也是创新之路。“一带一路”建设既是百年工程，也是一项创新工程。它从新的时代特点出发重构政府与市场的关系，充分利用既有的技术条件，发挥发展中国家人力资源密集的优势。进入20世纪90年代后，随着一大批国家参与全球经济，发达国家几百年来形成的思维惯性正逐步被挑战。由此，发展中国家必须立足于新现实，创新理论和发展思路。

The path of innovation is also the path of “all the way.” The construction of “all the way” is both a hundred-year-old project and an innovative one. It builds government-market relations from the characteristics of a new era, making full use of existing technological conditions, and taking advantage of the human-resource-intensive advantages of developing countries.

　　“一带一路”更是包容之路。古代丝绸之路穿越不同时空、跨越不同文明，创造了文明互鉴与文明交融之路，积淀了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神，为“一带一路”留下了宝贵的精神财富。文明包容之路既是“一带一路”建设的社会基础，也是“一带一路”的终极目标。只有更好地建设文明包容之路，“一带一路”才会少走弯路，中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦才能早日实现，人类命运共同体的最高目标才能越来越近。“一带一路”建设促进文明交流、文明互鉴、文明共存的“多元包容”观，注定了其“美好而长远”的未来发展前景。

The ancient Silk Road is a path of inclusion. The path of inter-civilizational understanding and inter-civilizational convergence has been built across time and again. The spirit of inter-civilizational understanding and inter-civilizationism, with peaceful cooperation, open tolerance, mutual understanding, mutual benefit and win-winness as its core, has left a valuable spiritual asset for a “one-way” approach. The path of civilized inclusion is both the foundation of a “one-way” society and the ultimate goal of a “one-way” approach.

　　基层治理现代化

　　5  新熟人社会来了！靶向治疗社区病

　　随着社会结构加速转型、城镇化进程深入推进，人口流动性加剧，不同背景、不同职业的人聚集在同一个社区，居民“见面不相识”成为一种趋势。传统熟人社会逐渐瓦解，原来的社区治理理念和手段不再完全适用，亟待构建传统与现代融合的新熟人社会，再造社区治理的基础。

With the accelerated transformation of the social fabric and the deepening of the urbanization process, population mobility has increased, with people from different backgrounds and occupations gathering in the same community and residents `unknowing each other' becoming a trend. Traditional acquaintance societies have collapsed, and the original community governance concepts and tools are no longer fully applied. It is urgent to build a new society of traditional and modernly integrated acquaintances and to re-establish the foundations of community governance.

　　社区没了亲密的邻里关系，陌生人社会衍生社区病

community without close neighbourhood, stranger community-based disease

　　“现在居民戒备心很强。”北京市海淀区万寿路街道今日家园社区居委会主任徐海荣告诉半月谈记者，社区刚开始组织“社区妈妈喊歌团”活动时，参加活动的妈妈们用的大都是网名。

“There is a high level of security among the inhabitants.” Seo Hae-young, the head of the Community Housing Committee for Homes Today in Haidian District, Beijing, told journalists that when the community started organizing the “Community Mothers Shouting” campaign, most of the mothers who attended the event used online names.

　　今日家园是一个经济适用房小区，很多人从素不相识的陌生人变成了邻里。“有些居民进了自家门，不管别人家的事。” 徐海荣对现在城市社区邻里间的陌生状态深有感触。

Homes today are an area of affordable accommodation, and many people have changed from strangers to neighbours. “Some of the inhabitants have entered their homes, regardless of the other people's home.” Xu Haiyong is deeply touched by the strangeness of the neighborhoods of the urban community today.

　　工作节奏快，工作压力大，没有时间与邻居交流;业余生活丰富，不愿意再出门找人交流;怕惹麻烦，多一事不如少一事……半月谈记者了解到，居住方式的改变，个性化增强，人口流动快，加上现代生活方式和价值观念的影响，邻里关系也似水泥钢筋僵固与疏离，城市社区已由过去的熟人社会变成陌生人社会。

The pace of work is high, the pressure of work is high and there is no time for communication with neighbours; the amateur life is rich and hesitant to go out there again; the fear of trouble is a lot less. The half-month talkers learned that the changing way of living, the increased individualization, the rapid movement of the population, coupled with the influence of modern lifestyles and values, the rigidity and alienation of the neighbourhood, and the transformation of the urban community from a familiar society of the past into a stranger society.

　　“城市社区的这种改变，跟住房制度改革有关。”中央党校(国家行政学院)教授程萍表示，商品房时代社区居民的工作圈子和生活圈子是分离的，居民之间不再有原来工作和生活高度重合带来的熟悉感。

“This change in the urban community is related to the reform of the housing system.” Professor Chengping of the Central Party School (National School of Administration) stated that the working and living circles of the residents of the commercial housing age were separated and that there was no longer a sense of familiarity among the inhabitants of the formerly highly integrated working and living environment.

　　“过去是‘远亲不如近邻’，而现在部分邻里关系趋于功利、冷漠、封闭。”原中国社会工作协会第四届理事会副会长马学理表示，这是社会进步带来的社会病、社区病和邻里病。

“Being `relative as near-neighbour', some of the neighbours now tend to be utilitarian, indifferent and closed.” The former Vice-President of the 4th Governing Board of the China Society for Social Work stated that this was a social disease, a community disease and a neighbourhood disease brought about by social progress.

　　根据《中国流动人口发展报告2017》，2016年我国流动人口规模为2.45亿人，比上年末减少了171万人。但人口继续向城市群聚集的趋势不变，并且部分流动人口在流入地落户转化为新市民。当前社会转型和社会流动不断加快，陌生人社会已成为城市社区的主要形态，带来了社区互动不足等社区治理要面对的问题。

According to China's Mobile Population Development Report 2017, the size of our mobile population in 2016 was 245 million people, a decrease of 1.71 million compared to the end of the previous year. However, the population continues to converge in urban areas, and some of the mobile population settles in inflows into new citizens. Social transformation and social mobility are now accelerating, with stranger societies becoming the dominant form of urban communities, creating problems for community governance, such as inadequate community interaction.

　　邻里病，表面上看是人际依存诉求的弱化，更深层次原因是城市发展对传统社会的解构冲击。专家表示，要改变在城市化和人口流动中出现的陌生人社会，就需要基层政府和社区积极推动建设新熟人社会。

Neighborhood disease, which appears to be a weakening of the demand for human dependence, is further compounded by the deconstructive impact of urban development on traditional societies. The experts suggest that changing the stranger societies that emerge in urbanization and population movements requires grass-roots governments and communities to actively promote the building of new communities of acquaintances.

　　新熟人社会呼之欲出，亮点频现

New acquaintances are looking forward to it.

　　海淀区八里庄街道党工委书记曾涛告诉半月谈记者，治理邻里病等社区问题，需要通过多途径、多渠道、多方面、多元化的活动方式激发社区活力，重塑“熟人社会”。

< b/ > The Secretary of the Labour Committee of the Heidian District, 8 Mile Street Party, told journalists half a month about community issues, such as the management of neighbourhood diseases, and the need to revitalize the community through multi-channel, multi-channel, multi-faceted and diverse activities to reshape the “academic society”.

　　“社区举办文体活动时，大家闭眼一想，就能找到合适的人。”万寿路街道复兴路26号社区居委会主任仇家润对半月谈记者表示，自己所在的社区因为是机关家属社区，居民之间都很熟悉。“各家有什么事大家都知道，见到人就能分辨出是不是外来人，邻里之间有矛盾也好调解，我们的工作好做多了。”

“When a community organizes a literary event, you can look at the right person and find the right person.” The head of the Community Housing Committee, 26 Street Revival Road, told half a month-long journalists that the community in which you live is well known among the inhabitants because it is a family member. “We all know what we're seeing, we can tell if we're outsiders, we have conflicts between neighbors, we've done a lot of work.”

　　在仇家润看来，现在社区服务要求精准化、精细化、专业化、标准化，如果居民之间都不熟，精准对接需求会很难做。

In the opinion of the enemies, community service now requires precision, precision, specialization, standardization, and precise matching needs are difficult to do if residents are not familiar with each other.

　　同时，相较于传统社会，陌生人社会的复杂性呈几何倍数增加。社区陌生人之间基本信任的缺失，会导致社区丧失凝聚力，不仅加大社会治理成本，还给人们心理造成隔阂，甚至会失去安全感。“提升邻里之间的熟悉度、信任度，邻里互助才会内化为居民的自觉行为，相互守望、以邻为伴的社区才会重现。”从事社会工作的有关人士表示，这就要发挥熟人的作用。

At the same time, the complexity of stranger societies increases exponentially compared to traditional societies. The lack of basic trust among strangers in the community can lead to a loss of community cohesion, not only increasing the cost of social governance, but also creating psychological divides and even insecurity.

　　熟人不仅能给社区治理带来便利条件，其所代表的和睦亲密的邻里关系对居民也非常有吸引力。“治理社区群租房时，社区组织居民作为志愿者协助监督治理小组工作。大家一起工作，变得熟悉了，感觉非常好。有居民就说，‘我们在这么好的社区，怎么就不能建成亲密的邻里关系呢’?”徐海荣说。

Accompanies not only the convenience of community governance, but the harmonious and intimate neighbourhood relations that they represent are also very attractive to residents. “In the management of community housing, community-based community residents assist in overseeing governance groups as volunteers. Working together, people become familiar and feel very good. People say, ‘How can we not build close neighborhoods in such a good community?’” Xu Hae-yong says.

　　“新熟人社会以社会为中心、以规则和情感为纽带。”马学理表示，这就要求基层政府和社区积极开展睦邻文化活动，帮助居民走出小家。

“The new society of acquaintances is socially centred and is bound by rules and emotions.” According to Marxistics, this requires grass-roots governments and communities to actively engage in good-neighbourly cultural activities to help the population out of their small homes.

　　半月谈记者了解到，社区已经组织了多种创新活动：今日家园社区组织了‘小水滴’‘发小联盟’志愿队，让社区少年儿童利用周末、节假日在社区内做公益活动，并结识一批发小;八里庄街道首师大社区依托高校的资源优势，打造“人文师苑，书香八里”系列读书活动、“信仰与经典”阅读分享会、清明诗会、中秋歌会等品牌活动，增强社区文化认同和凝聚力……

The half-month talker learned that the community had organized a number of innovative activities: today's Home based community-based organization of the `Small Waterdrops' `Small Development Alliance'volunteer team, which allowed children and young people in the community to use weekends, holidays for public service activities in the community and to identify small groups of children and young people; and eight-mile street leaders'community based on the resource advantages of the High School, building a series of reading events, `Students and Classics' reading and sharing sessions, `Best Faiths and Classics' poetry sessions, `Autumn Songs', etc. to enhance cultural identity and cohesion in the community...

　　有关数据显示，目前全国已有60%以上的社区居委会开展了各具特色的睦邻文化活动，浙江、上海、江苏、重庆、广西等十多个省份基本实现全覆盖。今年6月份，湖南省长沙市天心区等20个单位被确认为全省城乡社区治理创新实验区，实验为期两年。

According to the data, more than 60% of the country’s community housing committees now carry out distinctive cultural activities of good neighbourliness, covering almost all of the 10 provinces of Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Guangxi, etc. In June this year, 20 units, including Hunan Governor Tianxi, were identified as pilot areas for urban and rural community governance innovation in the province for a period of two years.

　　除了组织活动让大家有更多的机会见面，搭建邻里交流平台也是重要一环。仇家润告诉半月谈记者：“我们社区居民大大小小建了17个微信群，大家可以随时交流，及时传递信息。”

In addition to organizing events to give everyone a better chance to meet, it is important to build a neighbourhood communication platform.

　　据了解，四川省成都市成华区双桥子街道新鸿社区建立“守望新鸿”平台，“把生活服务窗口‘开’在居民手机上”。反映问题的渠道畅通了，社区居民参与社区治理的积极性也被充分激发。短短3个月，居民上报处理自治服务和综治服务事件达到395条，吸纳了更多居民和社会力量参与群防群治。

It is understood that Sichuan Province has set up a “Singing Xing Hong” platform in Chenghua Town Street, Chenghua Town, to “open the life window `open' on the cell phone of the residents.” Channels to reflect the problem have been opened and community participation in community governance has been fully stimulated. In just three months, the population has reported 395 cases of self-government and co-management services, involving more residents and social forces.

　　海淀区八里庄街道美丽园社区坚持以人为本，把“为老为小”服务作为服务重点，采用社区工作者+党员+志愿者+大学生“四位一体”服务工作法，努力搭建社区服务平台，助力居家亲，把社区建设成为“金牌居住区”。八里庄街道社区建设科科长王淑霞告诉半月谈记者，美丽园社区的优秀服务意识和组织间的配合模式吸引了各省市交流团前来参观，其中台湾交流团就达300余人。

The community of the beautiful park on the 8-mile street of Haidian district is people-centred, focusing on the service of “old for small” and using the “four-time” service approach of community workers + party members + volunteers + university students, working to build community service platforms, helping families to build communities into “gold settlements.” Wang Su-ha, the head of the community building section on the 8-mile street, told journalists that the excellent service awareness and inter-organization model of the beautiful park community had attracted provincial and municipal exchange groups, of which more than 300 had been visited.

　　提升社区服务供给能力，扩大社会力量参与

Increase community service delivery capacity and increase social power participation

　　“有些地方能摆百家宴、千家宴，居民凝聚力非常高，但我们只能摆十家宴。”徐海荣说，现在对社区服务供给能力的要求不断提高，但社区人员不足，活动场地太少，经费使用有限制，无形中为社区开展睦邻活动增加了隐形门槛。

“There are places where there are hundreds of feasts, thousands of feasts, and people are very cohesive, but we are only able to make 10 dinners.” Seo Hae-Wung said that there is a growing demand for community service delivery capacity, but that communities are understaffed, operating space is too few, funding is limited, and invisiblely increases the invisible threshold for communities to engage in good-neighbourly activities.

　　为提高社区干部的履职能力和人文素养，曾涛建议，优化社区队伍年龄、知识结构，加大基层培训力度，保障社区队伍的稳定性。他介绍，2018年上半年，海淀区八里庄街道招录社区工作者44名，为社区队伍注入新鲜血液。该街道和各社区共组织各类培训1000余人次，满足了不同岗位社区工作者的需求。该街道恩济庄社区党支部书记兼主任张胜利，还入选海淀区2018年专业社会工作领军人才。

In order to improve the ability of community cadres to perform their duties and humanities, Tseng Tao recommended that the age and knowledge structure of the community should be optimized, that grass-roots training should be stepped up and that the stability of the community should be ensured. In the first half of 2018, 44 community workers were recruited on the 8-mile street in Heidian District to inject fresh blood into the community. Over 1,000 trainings were organized in the streets and communities to meet the needs of community workers in different jobs.

　　对社区志愿者的奖励激励机制也有待进一步完善。半月谈记者发现，现在对志愿者的定位有些模糊，志愿者付出很多，短时间内只是记录服务时间，导致“发起好发起，坚持成了问题”。徐海荣等人建议，可以考虑转换思路，以奖励公园门票、文体活动演出票等作为阶段性激励措施，“既激励志愿者继续奉献，又能扩散相关演出活动的效果”。

Incentives for community volunteers need to be further refined. The half-month talker found that the position of volunteers is now somewhat blurred, that volunteers pay a lot, and that the short period of time is just to record the hours of service, leading to “a good launch, persistent problems.” Xu Hai Yung et al. suggested that consideration could be given to a shift of thinking to reward park tickets, performance tickets, etc., as a step-by-step incentive to “encouraging volunteers to continue their commitment and spreading the effects of related performances”.

　　海淀区八里庄街道社区服务中心主任张庆学建议，对社区志愿者队伍负责人进行培训，提高组织招募能力，简化申报流程，吸纳社会人员加入志愿者队伍，推进志愿服务活动，加大教育和培育力度，为社区安全稳定、社区治理、文明建设服务。

< b/ > The Director of the Centre for Community Services in the 8-mile neighbourhood of Haidian District, Zhang Qingying, recommended that community volunteer corps leaders be trained to improve their organizational recruitment capacity, streamline the filing process, include members of society in the volunteer corps, promote volunteerism, enhance education and nurturing to serve community security and stability, community governance and civilization-building.

　　居民理应担当社区治理主角，但社区工作人员上班时间，恰是大多数居民外出上班的时间;社区工作人员下班时间，又是居民需求比较集中的时间，这就形成了一种社区工作的时间错位。因此，需要探索社区因事、因地、因人开展活动的成熟机制。

Residents are expected to play a leading role in community governance, but community workers work time, which is when most of the residents go out to work; community workers work time, which is also the time when the needs of the population are concentrated, creates a shift in time for community work. Therefore, there is a need to explore mature mechanisms for community-driven, local and people-driven activities.

　　对于社区服务能力，曾涛建议加大政府购买服务的力度，通过政府购买服务引入服务商，解决地区低保、残疾、失独、空巢老人等特殊人群的家庭维修、清洁、保健等工作，助力社区服务，让居民有更多的获得感、幸福感。

With regard to the capacity of community services, Tsengao proposes to increase government purchasing of services and to introduce service providers through government purchasing services, to address family maintenance, cleaning, health care, etc. of special population groups such as district low security, disability, isolation, empty-shelter seniors, and to support community services to increase the sense of well-being and well-being of the population.

　　民政部基层政权和社区建设司司长陈越良表示，社会力量参与是激发社区活力、实现共同治理的重要方面。在城市社区，民政部积极指导各地大力培育社区服务性、公益性、互助性社会组织。

The Director of the Department of Grassroots Government and Community Building of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Chen Yeung-hwan, stated that the participation of social forces is an important aspect of community activation and co-governance. In urban communities, the Ministry of Civil Affairs actively guides local communities in their efforts to foster community service, public good, and solidarity social organizations.

　　美丽园社区建立社区党组织、居委会、业委会、物业共同协商“四方议事机制”平台，共同协商社区各项重要决策及事务，做到社区问题早发现，早解决。曾涛等人建议，居委会、业委会和其他公益社团应当构建起互动协作机制，发挥各方合力，助力构建新熟人社会。

The beautiful park community establishes a platform for community-based party organizations, neighbourhood councils, industry committees, and industry to consult together on key community decisions and matters so that community problems can be identified and resolved early.

　　6  反形式主义之举，也可能沦为形式主义

　　近年来基层形式主义虽有改观但仍然很严重。一些基层干部反映，日常工作被填表格、报材料等形式主义耗费了大量精力，为此加班熬夜已经成了常态，而实际工作没时间去干。一些基层干部直言，把“炸毛鸡打扮成开屏孔雀”的形式主义，如果不加以纠正，一些反形式主义的措施甚至也沦为形式主义。

Grassroots formalism has improved in recent years, but it is still very serious. Some grass-roots cadres have shown that routineism, such as filling out forms, reporting materials, etc., has taken a lot of effort, and that it has become normal for them to work late at night, while there is no time to do it. Some grass-roots cadres have spoken out against formalism, which, if not corrected, has even turned anti-formalist measures into formalism.

　　以材料好坏评价工作，是典型的形式主义

strong > evaluates in material good and bad and is typical of formalism

　　不久前，半月谈记者在中部一个县采访，一名基层干部说，他曾熬一晚上做材料，就为给领导汇报。

Not long ago, during a half-month interview with journalists in one of the central districts, a grass-roots cadre said that he had spent the night working on materials to report to the leadership.

　　当时，这名干部作为优秀代表出席一个表彰大会。大会前一天，他把发言稿按规定交给有关部门审，结果没通过。大会组织部门的几名干部高度重视，连夜与这名干部认真改稿。

At the time, the cadre represented a distinguished delegate at the Congress. The day before the Congress, he sent his statement to the relevant department, as required, and the statement was not approved.

　　“修改的不是我具体怎么工作的，而是哪些地方需要体现领导的讲话精神。”

“It is not how I work, but where I need to reflect the spirit of leadership.”

　　从晚上10点多改到早晨五六点钟，改了五六个版本后，决定还是用第一版。

Changed from more than 10 p.m. to 5-6 a.m. After changing five or six versions, it was decided to use the first version.

　　像这样被材料搞得精疲力竭而又无可奈何的干部不在少数。

There are not a few cadres that are exhausted and helpless by materials like this.

　　“实干苦干评不了先进，会做资料的年年受表彰。”

“The year in which hard work is not evaluated as advanced, the year in which information is given is recognized.”

　　湖南省某县的一位村支书说，基层工作面广线长、点多事杂，每项工作要做出成效，需要基层干部脚踏实地、埋头苦干。

< b/ > A village support book in a district of Hunan province states that the work done at the grass-roots level is long and varied and that each task is productive and requires the presence and commitment of grass-roots cadres.

　　天天整材料，分散了较多的工作精力。“以材料检查结果、评价工作好坏，就是非常典型的形式主义。”

day and day, dissipating more work. < < b/ > > > > >. < With material inspection results, evaluation of good and bad is typical formalism. > > > >.

　　中部某市的一位街道办副主任对此深有感触：“每个上级领导来调研，都要有汇报材料。到了年中、年底每个部门也要有总结材料，有时候办公室文员一天要报五个对口条线的材料。”

A deputy head of the street office in a city in the centre is deeply touched by this: “Every superior must have a report on his research.

　　材料从留痕留影中来，这也是当下基层工作的“硬指标”，但这个“硬指标”逼出基层不少笑话。这位街道办副主任讲起当地对河长巡河的要求时说：“不仅要自己亲自去，还要邀请拍照的同志一起去，一次带上几套衣服，换一套衣服拍一个照，巡一次够写不少材料了。”

The material comes from the leftovers, which are also “hard indicators” for working at the local level, but this “hard indicators” pushes a lot of jokes at the grass roots. The deputy director of the street office, speaking of local demands for riverwalks, said, “Not only personally, but also with the comrades who took the pictures, took some clothes, took one picture at a time, did enough to write a lot of material at a time.”

　　“上面千根线，下面一根针”，是线多还是针少？

"A thousand wires up, one needle down", more threads or less needles?

> > > > > > > > > > > > >. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >.

Towns and Rivers: Caring Lives Sewage Collection

　　34岁的魏世雄是陕西省延安市宝塔区柳林镇金岳社区主任，也是延河支流之一南川河在柳林镇5公里长河段的河段长。每天，他都要沿着这条河流巡查一遍，对四个重点段位进行现场验看。

34-year-old Wei Shih-chung is the head of the community in the town of Kim Yue, in the town of Yonyan, Yanxi Province, and one of the Yan River tributaries, the Nanchuan River is located in the 5-km long river section of the town. Every day, he is required to patrol the river and examine the four priority sections on the spot.

　　“四个重点段位都是排查生活污水排放问题。”魏世雄说，这是城乡接合部河道的最主要污染源。去年延安开始启动河道环境治污，禁止将污水排入河道。但在一些区域，因为污水管网等基础设施建设尚未到位，只能先在居民聚居区建污水收集仓，用塑料管道把每家每户的污水引到里面，集满后再用车拉到处理厂进行处理，基本两天倾倒一次。

“The four focus areas are all about the discharge of domestic sewage.” Wei said that this was the most important source of pollution in the urban/rural interface. Last year, Yanan began to decontaminate the riverway environment, prohibiting the discharge of sewage into it. In some areas, however, since infrastructure such as sewage networks has not yet been put in place, sewage collection tanks have to be built first in populated areas, plastic pipes have been used to feed each household into it, and each household has been pumped into a treatment plant for treatment.

　　魏世雄带半月谈记者查看了毛则沟村的污水收集仓。他说，这个大小约40立方米的污水搜集仓只能作为临时措施，长远之计还是要尽快接入市政污水管道。特别是延安的冬天很冷，铺在路面上的塑料管道容易被冻住。“延安市已经在加紧建设市政管道，计划今年9月底建成，这个问题有望被彻底解决。”

Wei Shun, with half a month's talker, visited the sewage collection warehouse in the village of Mao Tseong. He said that this wastewater collection warehouse, about 40 cubic metres in size, could only be used as a temporary measure, and that in the long run it would be possible to access municipal sewage pipes as soon as possible. In particular, Yanan's winter was cold, and plastic pipes laid on the road were liable to freeze. “Yonyan city has stepped up the construction of the municipal pipeline, which is scheduled to be completed by the end of September this year, and the problem is expected to be resolved completely.”

　　巡河中，记者发现南川河的水看起来有些浑浊。魏世雄说，这是因为上游的村子正在修一座便民桥。“河水有一丁点儿变化，我们都要搞清楚原因，还要挨家挨户地告诉居民不要往河里倒污水扔垃圾。”

In the river cruise, reporters find the water in the Nanchon river to be a little treacherous. Wei Shih-chung says that it is because the village upriver is building a pedigree bridge. "A little bit of water changes, we have to figure out why, and we have to tell the residents house-to-house not to dump the sewage into the river."

　　半月谈记者沿着南川河继续往前走，又在河岸边发现一堆垃圾，里面混合着塑料板、废旧轮胎等。“可能是附近居民倒的，城乡接合部还是比较难管。” 魏世雄一边略显无奈地说，一边拨打保洁员的电话。保洁员贺雨生赶来一看，有些生气：“总有不自觉的人，昨天下午来还没看到，肯定是昨天晚上倒的。”

The half-month reporter continued along the Nanchon River, and found a pile of garbage on the bank of the river, mixed with plastic sheets, used tyres, etc. "It may be the nearby residents, but it's still hard to connect with the city and the village." Wei, on the other hand, said he was a little unstinting, calling the cleaner. The keeper came and he was a little angry: "There's always someone who didn't see it yesterday afternoon, and it must have fallen yesterday night."

　　在沟门村，记者随魏世雄进到几户居民家中，查看排污管道是否漏水。整个河道巡查用了约两个小时。魏世雄说，基层干部并不只是河段长这一项工作，日常工作头绪多压力大，只靠基层干部来挨家挨户做工作，并非长久之计。他建议，加快基层污水处理设施建设，能接入市政管网的区域都要尽量接入。

In the village of Goimen, journalists accompanied Wei Shih-Yung to check the homes of several residents to see if the sewers leaked. It took about two hours for the entire riverway to patrol. Wei Shi-Hung said that grass-roots cadres are more than just river leaders, and that it is not a long-term solution to go door-to-door with grass-roots cadres. He suggested that the construction of basic sewage treatment facilities should be accelerated and that areas with access to the municipal network should be accessed as much as possible.

　　乡镇河长：担心后续管护经费

: Worried about funding for follow-up care

　　在江西省彭泽县浪溪镇，浪溪河岸杨柳依依，河长制责任公示牌醒目竖立。半月谈记者跟随担任浪溪河河长的镇长欧阳时群沿河巡查。这条７公里长的小河下游接入太泊湖，最终将汇入长江，河水清澈，未见垃圾。“彭泽县地处长江沿线，落实河长制是我们工作的重中之重。”欧阳时群说。

In the town of Punze County, Jiangxi Province, Yeo Yi Yi, on the banks of the River Creek, the river's long-standing responsibilities are well-known. Half-monthly talkers follow the town's mayor, Ouyang, who is the river's head, to patrol the river along the river. This seven-kilometre-long small river reaches the lake of Tai Po and will eventually be transferred to the Yangtze River, where the river is clear and no garbage is seen. “The implementation of the river's longness along the river line is a top priority for our work.

　　在小桥一侧桥头附近，记者看到一块新平整的土地。这原本是一个小型的大理石加工厂，水洗加工时经常有白色的浑水排入浪溪河，村民对此反映强烈。为了拆除这个工厂，浪溪镇通过县河长办，协调县水利局、环保局等派出行政执法人员，多次给企业主做工作，前不久顺利将其拆除。

In the vicinity of the bridge on the side of the bridge, journalists saw a new flat piece of land. This was a small marble processing plant, which was often washed with white water pouring into the river. To dismantle the plant, the town of Wave Creek, through the county river chief, coordinated administrative enforcement personnel, such as the county water service and the environmental protection agency, to work with business owners on a number of occasions, which were successfully dismantled shortly before.

　　“乡镇开展河长制工作，关键靠组织网络建设。”欧阳时群说，乡镇干部“一人独挡九面”，不可能把全部精力都放在河长工作上。为解决人手不足问题，浪溪镇聘请了15 个保洁员，每天巡河打捞河面垃圾。一旦发现污染问题，就通过河长工作微信群逐级上报。半月谈记者看到彭泽县河长微信群中有87位河长。

“The town does river length work, which depends mainly on the organization of networks.” Ouyang Quantities say that the village cadre “one person stands alone” and cannot devote all its energy to river length work. In order to address the shortage of staff, the town of Wave Creek has hired 15 janitors to patrol the river to collect the river's waste every day.

　　去年，浪溪镇河长制工作考评位列全县第一，彭泽县河长办奖励其10万元。虽然有了奖励，但乡镇仍面临经费不足的难题。“按照打造河长制升级版的要求，为了把浪溪河建成示范河，镇里已经拿出300多万元。”欧阳时群说，拆除畜禽养殖点、疏浚河道、绿化河岸、建设游步道都需要钱，后续的管护资金压力很大。

Last year, the River Creek River Review was ranked first all over the county, and the Panzer River Governor rewarded it with $100,000. Despite the rewards, the town still faces a shortage of funds. “In keeping with the requirement to build the River Creek as a model river, over 3 million dollars have been spent in the town to build the River River River.” The Ouyang Times said that the dismantling of livestock farms, dredging of riverways, greening of river banks, and the construction of cruise lanes would require money, and subsequent pressure on custody funds.

　　目前市、县两级河长办有专项工作经费，但乡镇没有河长制工作专项资金。为了筹措经费，当地想了很多办法，比如整合农村垃圾处理经费；与扶贫工作相结合，招聘贫困户为河道保洁员等。

There are currently special funding for river chiefs at the municipal and county levels, but there is no specific funding for river-long work in the townships.

　　“乡镇对河长制工作的重视程度不可谓不高，当地将河长制工作纳入了干部年终工作考评，所占的考核比重仅次于扶贫。”欧阳时群说，原来乡镇是比招商引资，现在比扶贫和河长制。“我们希望能够有专项的经费保障，长久地保持‘水清、河畅、岸绿、景美’的治理效果。

“The importance of river-long work in the towns is much higher than in the towns, where river-long work is included in the end-of-year job evaluation of the cadres, which is second only to poverty reduction.” The Ouyang community says that the original town is now more pro-poor and longer-run. “We want to have dedicated funding to maintain the long-term governance effect of `water-cleaning, river-leafing, shore-greening, landscape-beautiful'.

　　民生·社会

　　11  他带着老母亲去扶贫

　　立秋后，内蒙古阴山北麓太阳依然炙热。烈日下，52岁的傅永新像一位地道的农民，晒得发黑的脸颊上汗水淋淋。他忙着挨家挨户掂量鸡只斤两，达到4.5斤就可以出售，每只能卖100元。他已联系好市里一些单位职工购买“扶贫鸡”，冀望这批绿色农家鸡给百姓带来一笔较可观的收入。

After the fall, the northern sun was still hot in Inner Mongolia's shadow mountain. Under the sun, Fu Yong-Sin, a 52-year-old farmer, had a dark face, sweating on his face. He was too busy measuring chickens from house to house and selling them at a rate of 4.5 pounds. He had contacted some of the city's employees to buy “poor chickens” and hoped that the green farm chickens would generate a larger income for the population.

　　带母扶贫，实出无奈

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