警惕！虚拟币交易所的固定诈骗套路

近两年，和全球疫情一起蔓延的还有以比特币为首的虚拟货币风潮，甚至连特斯拉创始人马斯克都开始为虚拟货币频频站台。随着马斯克的高调入局，越来越多的投资者进入到币圈，开始幻想着躺着赚钱的美好生活。然而，事实是，当投资客想着投资回报时候，某些虚拟币交易所已经盯上了投资客的钱袋子。以当今虚拟币“第一”交易平台币安为例，仅近一年内，就大大小小发生过近十次“技术故障”，客户在单位时间内无法交易，只能看着交易价格上下波动，瞬间爆仓。客户所谓的一夜暴富“馅饼”，最后成为了诈骗分子设下的“陷阱”。据了解，中招的客户不在少数，造成巨大的损失，更有甚者被骗数百万元。虚拟币交易平台如何“割韭菜”诈骗？用户要如何挽回损失？又要如何让犯罪分子收到应有惩罚？记者联系了相关专业人士。

In the last two years, even Tesla’s founder, Mask, has started to operate as a virtual currency frequency station. With the Mask’s high-intelligence agency, more investors have entered the currency circle and began to fantasize about the good life of lying on their backs. The fact is, however, that, when investors think about the return on their investments, some virtual currency exchanges have been looking at investors’ money bags. In the case of today’s virtual currency “first” trading platform, there have been almost 10 “technology failures” in almost a year.

诈骗手法有固定套路

there's a fixed pattern of fraud

据媒体报道，4月26日，鄂尔多斯市公安局康巴什公安分局接到市民杨某报警称：她网上购买虚拟货币被骗116800元。民警经了解得知，报警人于4月10日通过微信添加了一个荐股群，后添加了该群群主及其助理的QQ，对方推荐一个手机APP让其购买虚拟货币。4月24日，报警人分三次向对方提供的银行账号支付了116800元购买虚拟货币，4月26日她在平台内操作时无法提现，发现被骗，于是报警。

According to media reports, on 26 April, the Public Security Bureau of the City of Ordos, Combash, received a report from the citizen Yang Hao that she had been defrauded for purchasing virtual money online. The civilian police were informed that on 10 April, the informant had added, through a micro-mail, a pool of proposed units, and the group owner and his assistant, QQ, who had recommended a mobile phone APP for purchasing virtual money. On 24 April, the alarmer paid $116,800 in three instalments to the bank account number provided by the other person, and on 26 April she was unable to disclose it while operating on the platform and found to have been defrauded and called the police.

据相关人士介绍，此类虚拟币诈骗大概有四步：

According to sources, this kind of virtual currency fraud is about four steps:

第一步，骗子在QQ群、微信群传播“投资外汇、贵金属、期货、数字货币”等信息，用“理财专家”“炒股专家”“金牌讲师”“高额回报”等字眼诱惑事主。等到事主一加入群，群里面很多马甲号已经埋伏到位，立刻开启群聊模式。聊天的目的就是主推一位“币圈大咖”，让投资者产生信任。随后，这位大咖就会开始传授投资经验，说自己从很早就开始进圈子，拥有数万枚比特币，与马斯克谈笑风生等等。一旦事主有兴趣，就开始免费授课，教你如何“投资赚大钱”。

As a first step, liars spread information such as “investment in foreign exchange, precious metals, futures, digital money” in groups of QQs, micro-messors, “investment in foreign currency, precious metals, futures, digital money” and lured the subject with the words “high returns” in the name of “fiscal experts” and “gold lecturers.” When the owner joins the group, many of the horses have been ambushed in the group, the group immediately opens the group mode of chatting.

第二步，所谓大咖一定会让事主在第三方平台开始进行投资，可能一开始也会让事主获得可观的账面利润，甚至进行小额提现，当事主越来越信任大咖之后，就会以“内部消息”“大行情”引诱事主进行追加投资、提高杠杆，以币安为例，杠杆最高可达125倍，远远超过国家法律规定的正常范围，与赌博无异。

In the second step, the so-called "Big Curry" would certainly allow the owner to start investing on a third-party platform, and it would probably start with significant book profits for the owner, or even a small amount of cash. When the owner increasingly trusts the Cable, the "Big Deal" will be used to induce the owner to make additional investments, increase leverage, and, in the case of currency security, leverage up to 125 times, well beyond the normal limits of national law, as opposed to gambling.

第三步，等到事主上钩，平台马上就会进行“技术操作”，无论是“插针”“拔网线”还是“定向爆破”，造成事主想交易的时候无法交易，想提现的时候无法提现，很快就“账户异常”甚至“爆仓”，基本上到这个时候的事主都是血本无归。

In the third step, when the owner is hooked up, the platform will immediately perform “technical operations”, whether “plug” “wiring” or “directional explosion”, causing the owner to be unable to deal when he or she wants to do so, to be undisclosed when he or she wants to do so, and soon “account anomaly” or even “shock warehouse” when, basically, the owner is bloodless.

第四步，等到事主想要追究平台责任的时候，这些“大咖”“客服”马上翻脸，甚至瞬间拉黑，很多投资人此时才发现到底这个平台在哪，找谁都是不知道的，在网络上这些人瞬间就可切断与事主的联系而事主投诉无门。即便有一部分事主费尽心机找到了平台，工作人员也会直接表示平台不存在任何责任，而且会有意无意甚至很直白的告诉事主：投资虚拟币国家本来就禁止，你在我们这里投资就是违法，想要起诉我们最后怕把你自己搞进去，就算你起诉了，我们平台都是海外注册，公司主体不在大陆，法律也不一样，弄不了我们。这样连蒙带骗，威逼利诱，很多事主也就不了了之。

In the fourth step, when the owner wants to hold the platform accountable, these “big-guys” immediately turn upside down, and even suddenly black, when many investors find out where the platform is, who they don't know, and who they can immediately cut off contact with the owner on the Internet and complain about it. Even if some of the owners try to find the platform, the staff will say that the platform does not have any responsibility, and will tell the owner, intentionally or not, even outrightly, that investing in the virtual currency country is illegal, that you're trying to prosecute us for your own involvement, even if you sue us, that our platform is registered overseas, that the subjects of the company are not on the mainland, that the law is not the same, that we can't do anything.

合法维权，无需担心

legal rights without fear

对这样的行为，记者也采访了中国政法大学刑事司法学院副院长王志远教授，作为法律专家，对于平台的种种行为，王志远表示：虽然我国相关规定是禁止投资虚拟货币的，但用户通过一些平台投资虚拟货币，只要其投资的资金来源和虚拟货币的去向合法，投资行为并不存在违法。反过来，所谓虚拟币交易所，吸收了大量用户的资金，对外开设账户进行虚拟币交易，甚至推出类金融产品，这是涉嫌违法犯罪的行为，无论其主体是否在中国，只要是面对中国用户的，都将接受中国法律的管辖；有些平台，甚至通过“插针”“断网线”等所谓的技术故障，操纵虚拟币价格，非法获取用户资金，此类行为已经涉嫌诈骗犯罪。所以广大用户如果发现自己被诈骗，不用担心所谓的“违法风险”，反而要积极向司法机关举报，用合法的方式维护自身权益。

In response, journalists also interviewed Professor Wang Zhiwei, Vice-President of the School of Criminal Justice of the Chinese University of Political Science and Law, and, as a legal expert, said that although our regulations prohibit the investment of virtual money, users invest in virtual money through platforms where the source of their investment and the destination of virtual money are legal and where there is no illegality. Conversely, the so-called Virtual Currency Exchange, which absorbs a large number of user funds, conducts virtual currency transactions with foreign accounts, and even introduces financial products, which are suspected of committing offences, regardless of whether the subject is in China and is facing Chinese users, will be subject to the jurisdiction of Chinese law; some platforms, even through so-called technical failures such as the “wiring” of needles, manipulation of virtual currency prices, and illegal access to user funds, are already suspected of fraud.

王志远还提到，如果自身权益已经受到侵害，更需要保持冷静，首先收集证据：如相关聊天记录、站内信，与分析师、代理商、喊单人员还有平台工作人员的聊天记录是最基础的证据，因为这类证据能够充分反映被害人受骗的整个过程，相关业务人员的违法行为，能够在聊天记录中得到充分反映；还有出入金记录，此类证据能够准确反映被害人投入资金的情况，以及出金情况，可以简单计算出资金损失，这类证据的获取并不困难，保存相关银行、支付宝、微信交易流水既可。

Wang Zhisheng also referred to the need to remain calm if his interests had been violated, first to collect evidence: such as chat records, station letters, chat records with analysts, agents, callers and platform staff, which are the most basic evidence, because such evidence adequately reflects the entire process of victim deception, and violations committed by relevant business personnel, which can be adequately reflected in chat records; and access notes, which accurately reflect the investment of funds by the victim, as well as the payment of funds, which allow for a simple calculation of the loss of funds. Such evidence is not difficult to obtain, as is the preservation of relevant banks, payment of treasures, and the flow of micro-mail transactions.

最后就是维权一定要尽早，时间越短越好追回。

Finally, rights must be upheld as soon as possible and as soon as possible.

我国叫停虚拟货币交易

为防范风险，早在2017年9月，中国人民银行等七部门出台的《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》文件精神，以ICO（首次代币发行）融资为代表的代币发行融资被叫停。虚拟货币交易平台的中国三大比特币交易平台火币网、OKCoin币行和比特币中国相继停止比特币交易。之后，火币网和OKCoin币行更是停止所有关于虚拟货币的交易业务。

As early as September 2017, seven sectors, such as the People’s Bank of China, issued a bulletin on the prevention of the risk of financing the issuance of tokens, in the spirit of which ICO (the first issue) was used to finance the issuance of coins. The Virtual Currency Exchange platform’s three main bitcoin trading platforms – the Currency Network, the OkCoin Bank, and the Bitcoin China Bank – stopped trading in bitcoins.

2019年12月，北京市地方金融监管局、央行营业管理部、北京银保监局、北京证监局联合发布《关于进一步防范“虚拟货币”交易活动的风险提示》称，伴随着区块链技术宣传推广，虚拟货币交易活动在境内有死灰复燃迹象，部分虚拟货币交易平台面向境内居民提供虚拟货币交易服务，通过数字货币抵押推出零息借贷、双币理财等项目，严重违反人民银行等七部委发布的《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》，涉嫌从事非法金融活动。

In December 2019, the Beijing Municipal Local Financial Supervisory Authority, the Central Bank's Department of Business Management, the Beijing Bank Insurance and Insurance Authority and the Beijing Securities and Certification Authority jointly issued a Risk Alert for Further Protection against “Virtual Currency” Transactions, stating that, along with the technical promotion of block chains, virtual currency transactions showed signs of a resurgence in the country, some virtual money trading platforms offered virtual currency trading services to residents of the country, projects such as zero-interest lending and double-currency finance through digital currency mortgages, and serious violations of the Proclamation on Protection against the Risk of Financing the Distribution of Currency, issued by seven ministries, including the People's Bank, were suspected of engaging in illegal financial activities.

同时，《风险提示》严重警告开展相关活动的在京机构及人员，不得宣传推广有关虚拟货币项目或平台，不得开展虚拟货币业务销售或交易，不得向投资者开展虚拟货币交易或变相交易业务，不得从事或代理从事境内外虚拟货币发行交易活动，辖内各金融机构和非银行支付机构不得为任何虚拟货币交易买卖提供服务。

At the same time, the Risk Alert seriously warns Kyoto-based institutions and personnel involved in related activities not to promote virtual money projects or platforms, to conduct virtual currency sales or transactions, to engage in virtual currency transactions or disguised transactions with investors, to engage in or represent virtual currency distribution transactions within or outside the country, and to refrain from providing services to financial institutions and non-bank payment agencies within the jurisdiction for the sale or sale of any virtual currency transactions.

随着监管叫停ICO后，很多境内人士转向境外平台网站继续参与虚拟货币交易。监管部门提醒投资者，需认清境外ICO与虚拟货币交易平台的相关风险，牢固树立风险防范意识，不参与相关违法违规活动。

As regulation shuts down the ICO, many people in the country continue to engage in virtual currency transactions on offshore platforms. The regulators remind investors of the need to recognize the risks associated with offshore ICOs and virtual money trading platforms, and to establish a strong risk awareness and not engage in related violations.