FMG 研报:30上涨19倍 读懂以Hivemapper为代表的汽车类DePIN业态

币圈资讯 阅读:42 2024-04-22 11:31:50 评论:0
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TL; DR

全球汽车市场潜力巨大:全球汽车保有量已经超过16亿辆,而处于联网状态的只有2.5亿辆;

我们可以将这一范式称之为“Drive To Earn”,或者“DeDrive”

DePIN自下而上的完成现实世界实体与链上世界的耦合:与汽车有关的DePIN项目,几乎全部都有来自现实世界的真实收入作为依托,代币经济学作为一种驱动飞轮的工具与产品固有体系产生有机结合。

DePIN & Drive To Earn

DePIN一词由Messari提出,是指Decentralised Physical Infrastructure Networks,即去中心化物理基础设施。MessariDePIN赛道分为四大板块,分别是:服务网络、无线网络、传感器网络和能源网络。

如果按照硬件表现形式来划分,大致可以分为三类:计算机、存储和一般类应用。

其中一般类应用中包含我们目前所熟知的无限路由、行车记录仪等硬件设备。对于C端用户而言,天然有着获得更好硬件体验的需求,而对于B端客户,也有着通过采集更精准数据来优化产品的内在驱动力。因此我们可以看到基于DePIN,围绕手机的MOBILE、围绕汽车的HONEYDIMO均迎来喜人的走势。在此之中,尤其以围绕汽车做数据采集和去中心化配套服务的生态较为突出。

一方面是因为汽车作为全球一般用户最息息相关的资产,在全球拥有广泛的受众。截止目前,全球汽车保有量已经超过16亿辆,按照全球70亿人口的数量来推断,平均每4个人就有一人拥有汽车。这些车辆行驶在世界超过6400万公里的道路上。

但与此同时,据统计,全球每年道路交通事故造成130万人的死亡,其中90%发生在低收入和中等收入国家,与这些国家拥有的车辆和道路数量相比,这些国家的死亡率高得不成比例。

上述C端用户和B端用户的需求度在汽车领域更为迫切。

车联网概念与DeDrive

另一方面,随着物联网概念的普遍发展,以汽车为载体搭建智慧设施的车联网 ( Internet of Vehicles) 概念也被全球征服和资本重视。

车联网概念部分解决了汽车数据采集的问题,但由于相关企业的过度中心化,再加上,不同厂商致力于打造护城河,而案例的定制化开发同样也不利于企业摊薄研发成本。而成本最终转移到消费者身上,这也一定程度上限制了汽车联网的发展。

随着区块链概念以及DePIN的崛起,将区块链技术和加密货币要素引入相关的设备厂商,帮助厂商更快速度完成资金飞轮,同时提供代币吸引更广泛的用户群体实现共建,并让用户从中获利。这一范式至少在Web3语境下逐渐成为当下的共识。

我们可以将这一范式称之为“Drive To Earn”,或者“DeDrive”

目前DeDrive项目代表主要是HivemapperDimoFuture Money Group将围绕这两个项目以及与Drive配套的相关项目进行整理。

DeDrive概念项目

Hivemaper

HiveMapperSolanaDePin概念Top之一,只在创建一个去中心化的谷歌地图。用户通过购买HiveMapper推出的行车记录仪,通过使用,并与HiveMapper共享实时影像,便能获得HONEY代币。

HiveMapper官方通过物流和测绘公司这种特殊用户群体搜集来的地图和路况信息制作成一个API接口来为有需求的B端或C端用户提供服务。

相较于谷歌地图,通过代币激励的方式,HiveMapper能够确保信息收集者提供数据的积极性和准确性,同时,由于代币的存在,官方不存在很大的运营支出压力,反而能够为B端提供更便宜,性价比更高的API服务,来实现弯道超车。

事实上,作为Google Maps API的替代方案。数以百万计的公司依靠Google地图API来支持其位置数据,并且该服务的价格近年来大幅上涨。

而作为Google Map的挑战者,Hivemapper理论上潜在市场价值至少能和Google Map持平。

Hivemapper网络有两个主要组件:

1.行车记录仪:是一款内部开源行车记录仪,可收集4K图像和相关GPS元数据,其中包含LoRa传感器,使用Helium的物联网网络来验证位置。

目前,HiveMapper行车记录仪共有两个版本:Hivemapper Dashcam(售价300美元)和S版本(售价649美元)。前者适用于标准测绘,最高可拍摄4k 10fps,后者更小、更隐蔽,最高可拍摄4k 30fps

2.Hivemapper贡献者应用程序,该应用程序通过Wi-Fi与行车记录仪配对,将图像和位置数据从行车记录仪传输到用户,并且该应用程序将数据从设备传输到地图网络进行处理。

代币经济学:HONEY代币固定最大供应量100亿枚,分配方式如下:

40%给贡献者,作为参与地图数据贡献的奖励;

20%给投资者,作为启动主网的初始资金;

35%Hivemapper的员工,用于主网日常运营和迭代;

5%赠与基金会,促进Hivemapper的管理和成功。

HONEY代币用于在Hivemapper网络中创建经济激励,同时平衡生态内两个群体的需求:

1.地图数据贡献者:HONEY作为提交信息、编辑地图数据和完成人工智能训练任务的奖励。

2.使用地图数据来支持其产品和服务的企业、开发者:HONEY作为调用Hivemapper网络数据时的销毁损耗。

总体而言,Hivemapper网络的贡献者和客户之间的链上市场是通过Burn & Mint解构创建的,每当客户在使用API服务时燃烧的HONEY,会作为奖励重新Mint出来并奖励给贡献者。

随着对地图使用需求的增加,HONEY被销毁和重铸的速度也会加快。

目前HiveMapper通过全球30000+的贡献者,已经绘制了包括1376个地区,总计9600万公里的路况信息,并基于这些信息产生近1300万笔交易。

Dimo

Dimo是一个建立在Polygon上的汽车物联网平台,使驾驶员能够收集和共享他们的车辆数据,记录的数据包括汽车行驶公里、行驶速度、位置追踪、轮胎压力、电池/发动机健康状况等。

如果说Hivemapper是针对汽车外在环境数据的归集,那么Dimo便是对汽车内在行驶数据的整理。

通过分析车辆数据,Dimo平台可以预测何时需要维护并及时提醒用户,这样,驾驶员不仅能深入了解自己的车辆,还能将数据贡献给Dimo的生态系统,从而可以获得DIMO代币作为奖励。而作为数据消费方可以从协议中提取数据以了解电池、自动驾驶系统和控件等组件的性能。这将有助于开发用于细粒度保险、网约车、交通导航、车辆融资、能源网络优化等的颠覆性新应用。

由上文,目前全球汽车数量约16亿辆,而处于联网状态的汽车大概在2.5亿辆左右。一方面,对于已经联网的汽车厂商诸如特斯拉等,往往再将车辆卖给用户之后,反而还会通过整合各种路况、车况信息,并打包成新的服务反过来想用户收取费用。而另一方面,目前在道路上行驶的车辆,依旧还有84%的车辆可能有雨型号老旧等原因未接入网络。

这无疑给Dimo带来了巨大的发展空间。与Hivemapper类似,Dimo的产品同样包含硬件设备和APP两种。

其中,硬件设备名为AutoPi(售价299美元),通过将设备插在汽车上,可以帮助2008年及以后生产的所有汽车实现联网化。

AutoPi与汽车链接后,用户便可在APP上事实监控汽车的性能和健康数据,同时在这一过程中,用户将获得DIMO代币奖励。

代币经济学:DIMODimo协议的原生代币,用于对用户和贡献者提供奖励。

代币供应量为10亿枚。其中,

基线发行占比 38%3.8 亿枚DIMO将会在 40 年内进行分配,第一年每周向用户发行 1,105,000 $DIMO,发行量每年减少 15%

Dimo 国库占比22%,为网络做出贡献的团队和个人可能会以赏金或赠款的形式收到 $DIMO

团队占比 22%,代币分配将受到两年的锁定,然后每月线性解锁,直至三年后全部解锁完毕;

投资者占比 8%,代币分配将受到两年的锁定,然后每月线性解锁,直至三年后全部解锁完毕;

空投占比 7%

目前DIMO有以下四个主要功能:

1.奖励分发:用户可以通过两种方式获得DIMO代币。

基线发行奖励:只要用户处于产品链接状态,及时最终客户没有使用对应的数据,同样可以获得DIMO代币的奖励。

DIMO代币分发数量会每周逐渐增加,用户积分获取效率取决于用户账号等级,而后者取决于用户进入Dimo生态的时间。换句话说,早期入场的用户,会随着代币分发数量和等级的上升每周获得更多代币。

市场发行奖励:当用户与授权的DIMO应用程序进行交易时,他们会收到额外的DIMO代币。只要奖励是以DIMO形式发放,奖励的数量和条款由应用程序开发者指定。

2.交易的需要:代币持有者可以通过$DIMO币购买和销售车辆数据,也可以购买 Dimo AutoPi 连接设备

3.治理权利:$DIMO 代币持有者可以对协议的运作方式进行投票,包括但不限于软件代码升级、协议和标准;费用如何产生、如何发放奖励等等

4.表明社区归属:代币持有者可以获得特殊应用功能和活动访问的权限。

目前总共有将近28000辆汽车被链接到Dimo网络,用户累计行驶里程超过1.53亿公里。总共有71种品牌的车被连接到Dimo上,其中是特斯拉、福特和宝马位列前三。在过去一年里,总共有超过5700万个$DIMO代币分发给了用户,价值约1300万美元。如果网络上每辆车的估计估值加在一起,总计将超过7.5亿美元以上。

Atlas Navi

Atlas Navi是第一个使用人工智能的Drive to Earn导航应用程序。智能手机摄像头可通过检测道路状况(封闭、道路施工、坑洼)、事故、每条车道的交通情况、可用停车位、警车和驾驶员重新规划路线来避开有问题的道路,从而避免交通拥堵。它以获得许可的3D NFT车辆作为驾驶员的代表,并奖励那些为每行驶一英里提供摄像头数据(可选)的人。

Atlas Navi代币经济学由三部分构成:

1.车辆NFT:类似于Stepn的跑鞋(拥有水箱、燃料等消耗要素),只有持有NFT的用户,才能通过Atlas Navi产品赚取MILE,并转换为NAVI

2.MILE:类积分代币,用于记录用户在使用产品时的行车里程,并可以通过持有NFT来将MILE兑换成NAVI

而用户也可以持有不同的车辆NFT来进行“Drive to earn”行为。

3.NAVI,是Atlas Navi生态原生代币,用于用户Drive to Earn的奖励以及官方NFT和服务订阅的支付。

NAVI代币总供应量为3亿枚,其中:

用户激励分配30%

团队分配9%

开发团队分配10%

营销部门分配10.67%

初始流动性分配13%

顾问团队分配5%

以上三个是目前市场热度较高,且代币走势不错的三个DeDrive项目。事实上,目前以汽车为主体的DePIN产品还有很多。

比如MoveoMoveo关注车联网和保险科技,通过特制车载硬件,以及软件专利技术,Moveo结合车辆数据和驾驶员数据,对驾驶安全形成深入洞察,并提供创新服务。

或者SoarchainSoarchain是基于Cosmos的应用型区块链,旨在为车辆、基础设施和网络之间提供直接、快速的数据传输服务。在Soarchain上,车辆通过蜂窝技术相互共享车辆数据,并将这些数据记录到区块链中,同时会为进行上述操作的用户奖励Soarchain原生代币。该平台使车辆能够匿名、私密地为车辆网络做出贡献,同时通过利用网络上运行的应用程序来最大化其利益,并同时获得奖励。

除此之外,还有围绕汽车充电业务展开的DePIN项目,比如PowerPod

PowerPod

PowerPod是一个全球电动汽车(EV)充电网络,旨在通过去中心化的组织构架、GameFi的玩法、正向收益模型让网络快速形成且保持低的维护成本。该网络由个人和社区拥有,避免了中心化管理带来的各类问题。使用区块链技术,确保网络中数据安全和交易透明。最新的充电技术保证充电的安全、高效、高兼容性并将提供多种个性且智能的服务。在未来,PowerPod网络有望成为传统电网的延伸和补充,和电网一起形成新的电力供应网络。

PowerPod将生产一系列智能硬件,以确保充电行为可测量、可计算、可信赖。

第一阶段将重点关注充电枪适配器。通过在无法共享数据的充电桩头部添加可拆卸适配器,可以准确捕获充电过程中的关键数据,并将这些数据安全地发送到区块链。基于区块链的合约将计算这些数据以激励积极的行为。

第二阶段的硬件将是高性能家用交流充电器。

第三阶段的硬件是移动充电器,允许车主在紧急情况下使用常规插座充电(电流为10-16A)。

代币经济学:PowerPod采用和HivemapperDimo类似的代币模型:积分+Token

PowerPod内,PT是一个无总量上线,根据各类激励性积极行为算法自动生成的类积分货币。(比如,使用PowerPod智能充电器充电1千瓦便可获得1PT奖励。)

PowerPod的另一个代币PPD则是生态的原生&治理代币。

PPD总供应量1亿枚,第一年将会产出1250万枚,产量每4年减半一次。其中:

45%PPD将用于积极行为的激励;

15%分配给开发者;

18%分配给投资者;

2%分配给顾问;

20%分配给生态系统。

此外,用于挖矿的PPD部分将汇总到股息池中。分红池每12小时分配一次分红。分配是根据投入到资金池中的PT数量占总数占比进行的。PT一旦转入分红池,就无法提取,且分红后,池内的该批PT将被销毁。

例如,用户John100 PT转入分红池,分红期结束后,分红池内共有10000 PT。他将按照1%的比例获得该期间股息池中累积的77 PPD(假设第一年每次股息分配约为7706 PPD)。分配完成后,池中的10000 PT将全部销毁。

DeDriveMove to Earn的区别

或许看下来,DeDrive概念项目在代币产出方面与以Stepn为代表的Move To Earn项目类似。但其实二者存在本质的不同。尽管二者在Web3概念扩圈方面有着相似的作用:以一种更易于理解的方式,通过行为激励的方式将Web3的思潮向外渗透。但Stepn为主的X To Earn项目,更多程度上是以代币经济学作为驱动,向外扩列的本质也在于通过吸收更多的潜在用户来维持Ponzi体系的生命。而DeDrive项目依托实体,本质上是科技公司对于区块链技术以及去中心化治理思路的认同。

我们看到,上述几个案例,几乎全部都有来自现实世界的真实收入作为依托,代币经济学作为一种驱动飞轮的工具与产品固有体系产生有机结合。

我们可以这么理解,如果说以Stepn为代表的X to Earn项目,诠释并验证了人类行为在链上获取收益并进行验证的范式,那么以Hivemaper为代表的DeDrive概念,则从用户层完成了现实世界实体与链上世界的耦合。前者自上而下的来影响经济基础,而后者自下而上的搭建了上层建筑所需要的基石。

结论

汽车类DePIN或者说DeDrive项目,正在进一步加深传统世界与Web3世界的联系。比如,Dimo创始人Andy C就对于基于自身网络创建DMV,并将车辆所有权上链这一构想进行了解读。如果这一步得以实现,链上体系将真正大规模进入现实世界。数据是有价值的,每一个DePIN生态的贡献者所贡献的数据,理应得到更有价值的分析和运用,并发挥出更大的价值。

未来,以汽车为代表的DePIN范式,会进一步延展到相关领域(这一点比手机类DePIN的影响力更大),比如车辆保险市场、二手车销售市场、配件维修、路面施工以及汽车租赁等。届时,现实世界将会与Web3完成整合,而Web3一直追求的Mass adoption,也将到来。

我们有充分的理由给DePIN的前景持有乐观的预期,但在DePIN时代真正到来之前,DeDrive或将率先启动,并成为市场上最受欢迎的标的之一。

参考文献

1.https://www.who.int/zh/news/item/13-12-2023-despite-notable-progress-road-safety-remains-urgent-global-issue

2.https://xyz-

research.com/uploads/20230112/7993cd36ef18688bd0b613b494e91526.pdf

3.https://solana.com/news/case-study-hivemapper

4.https://globalcoinresearch.com/2022/10/17/hivemapper-the-google-maps-killer/

5.https://docs.dimo.zone/overview/dimotoken/token-details-and-distribution

6.https://www.theblockbeats.info/news/48908?search=1

7.https://powerpod.gitbook.io/en/introduction/smart-hardware


The global automobile market has great potential, and the number of cars in the world has exceeded 100 million, but only 100 million cars are connected to the internet. We can call this paradigm or complete the coupling between real-world entities and the world on the chain from the bottom up. Almost all the projects related to automobiles have real income from the real world as a support. Token economics, as a tool to drive the flywheel, organically combines with the inherent system of products. The word is put forward to mean that the track is divided into decentralized physical infrastructure. The four sections are service network, wireless network, sensor network and energy network. If we divide them according to hardware forms, we can roughly divide them into three types: computer storage and general applications. Among them, the general applications include hardware devices such as wireless routing driving recorder, which we are familiar with at present. For end users, there is a natural demand for better hardware experience, and for end customers, there is also an inherent driving force to optimize products by collecting more accurate data. Therefore, we can see that based on the surrounding. There is a gratifying trend around mobile phones and cars, especially the ecology of data collection and decentralized supporting services around cars is more prominent. On the one hand, because cars are the most closely related assets of general users around the world, they have a wide audience in the world. Up to now, the number of cars in the world has exceeded 100 million. According to the number of people in the world, it is inferred that on average, one person owns a car, and these cars are driving on the roads of more than 10,000 kilometers in the world, but at the same time, according to statistics, Every year, road traffic accidents in the world cause tens of thousands of deaths, which occur in low-income and middle-income countries. Compared with the number of vehicles and roads owned by these countries, the mortality rate in these countries is disproportionately high. The demand of the above-mentioned end users and end users is more urgent in the automotive field. On the other hand, with the universal development of the concept of Internet of Things, the concept of car networking, which uses cars as carriers to build smart facilities, has also been conquered by the world and capital attaches importance to the concept of car networking, which partially solves the problem of car data. However, due to the over-centralization of related enterprises and the efforts of different manufacturers to build moats, the customized development of cases is also not conducive to the dilution of R&D costs by enterprises, and the costs are finally transferred to consumers, which also limits the development of automobile networking to a certain extent. With the concept of blockchain and the rise of blockchain, blockchain technology and cryptocurrency elements are introduced into related equipment manufacturers to help manufacturers complete the capital flywheel faster and provide tokens to attract a wider user base. At least in the context, the paradigm of building together and making users profit from it has gradually become the current consensus. We can call this paradigm or the current project representatives mainly and will sort out these two projects and related supporting projects. The conceptual project is one of the concepts in the world. Only by creating a decentralized Google Map, users can get tokens by purchasing the driving recorder and sharing real-time images with the official, a special user group such as logistics and surveying and mapping companies. Compared with Google Maps, the map and road information collected by the body can be made into an interface to provide services for users in need. Compared with Google Maps, the enthusiasm and accuracy of information collectors in providing data can be ensured through token incentives. At the same time, because of the existence of tokens, officials do not have great operating expenditure pressure, but can provide cheaper and more cost-effective services for users to achieve overtaking in corners. In fact, millions of companies rely on maps to support their location data and And the price of this service has risen sharply in recent years, and as a challenger, theoretically, the potential market value can be at least equal to that of Pingping Network. The driving recorder is an internal open source driving recorder, which can collect images and related metadata, including the Internet of Things network used by sensors to verify the location. At present, there are two versions of the driving recorder, the former is suitable for standard surveying and mapping, and the latter is smaller and more hidden, and the latter can shoot the highest contributor application. The application program transmits the image and location data from the driving recorder to the user by pairing with the driving recorder, and the application program transmits the data from the device to the map network for processing. Token economics tokens have a fixed maximum supply of 100 million pieces. The distribution method is as follows: as a reward for participating in the map data contribution, as an investor, as an initial fund for starting the main network, as an employee for the daily operation of the main network and an iterative gift for the management and success promoted by the foundation to create an economy in the network. Encourage and balance the needs of two groups in the ecology at the same time. The map data contributors are rewarded for submitting information, editing map data and completing artificial intelligence training tasks. The enterprise developers who use map data to support their products and services are destroyed when calling network data. Generally speaking, the online market between network contributors and customers is created through deconstruction. Whenever customers use services, it will be re-emerged as a reward and rewarded to the contributors with the demand for map use. Increasing the speed of destruction and recasting will also speed up. At present, contributors from all over the world have drawn road information including 10,000 kilometers in total, and generated nearly 10,000 transactions based on this information. It is an internet of things platform for automobiles based on the Internet, which enables drivers to collect and share their vehicle data records, including vehicle driving kilometers, driving speed, position tracking, tire pressure battery engine health status, etc. If it is aimed at the collection of external environmental data of automobiles, it is an automobile. By analyzing the vehicle data platform, we can predict when it needs to be maintained and remind users in time, so that drivers can not only deeply understand their own vehicles, but also contribute data to the ecosystem, so that they can get tokens as rewards, and as data consumers, they can extract data from the agreement to understand the performance of components such as battery autopilot system and controls, which will help to develop subversion for fine-grained insurance network, car, traffic, navigation, vehicle financing and energy network optimization. From the above, there are about 100 million cars in the world at present, and there are about 100 million cars in the networked state. On the one hand, automobile manufacturers such as Tesla, which are already networked, often sell their cars to users, but instead, they will charge users by integrating all kinds of road and car information and packaging them into new services. On the other hand, some cars currently driving on the road may still have rain and old models, which undoubtedly brings huge development space. Like similar products, the hardware equipment also includes hardware equipment and two kinds of hardware equipment, which are priced at US dollars. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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