去中心化金融安全：理解风险并降低风险

There are a lot of security risks in the decentralized financial field, which may cause serious harm to the user platform and the whole financial ecosystem. We summarize three security risks and explain the process of hacking and the corresponding solutions by analyzing the recent real security incidents. Price manipulation risk, smart contract vulnerability risk, user operation risk and price manipulation risk mean that malicious actors try to make profits by manipulating the price of assets. Behavior that affects the market. This manipulation may lead to abnormal changes in market prices and bring losses to other participants. We summarize three possible situations of price manipulation risk in the following: lightning loan attack sandwich attack Oracle attack lightning loan attack lightning loan attack is an attack method in application. It uses lightning loan, a financial operation that can be borrowed without providing collateral. Attackers borrow a lot of money through lightning loan and conduct a series of transactions in the same transaction. Operation to carry out fraud lightning loan attack event occurred on the intelligent chain of currency security on October, the attacker realized the arbitrage of tokens through the locking and claiming mechanism and the price difference between the two pools, and successfully stole an attacker. How to carry out the lightning loan attack? The attacker borrowed a lightning loan to decentralize financial security, understand the risk and reduce the risk. The attacker exchanged a token into a decimal place and stored it in the pool. This operation increased the number of tokens in the pool. The supply led to the drop in the price of the token, decentralized financial security, understood the risk and reduced the risk. The attacker then called and converted the decimal place of the token into the decimal place of the token. When the attacker called the function in the contract, they locked the token in the contract, which means that these tokens cannot be transferred or traded until certain conditions are met. By locking the token, the attacker can maintain the price stability of the token to a certain extent. The attacker calls the function to lock the token. In fact, the step of converting into a token is to increase the decimal places of tokens from bits to bits, increase the total supply of tokens, decentralize financial security, understand risks and reduce risks, and there is a price difference between pools through the locking and claim mechanism, specifically, because the supply of tokens in the pool increases, the price drops, while in the pool, because the supply does not increase, the price is relatively high. Attackers use this price difference to exchange tokens between the two pools to get a token at a more favorable price. The decimal places are exchanged into a decentralized financial security to understand the risk and reduce the risk. Finally, the attacker repaid a lightning loan and gained about a profit. Decentralizing financial security to understand the risk and reduce the risk. Limiting the function of lightning loan and introducing the handling fee of lightning loan is a common way to reduce the risk of lightning loan attack and manipulation. Limiting the function of lightning loan can limit the function of lightning loan, such as setting the minimum loan amount and lending time limit, which can reduce the risk. Attackers take advantage of the opportunity of lightning loan to attack, and introduce the lightning loan handling fee, which can charge the borrower a certain handling fee, thus increasing the cost of the attack, making the attackers face higher risks and costs when conducting lightning loan attacks, decentralizing financial security, understanding risks and reducing risks. In the above example code, we set some restrictions to limit the use of lightning loan functions, such as the minimum loan amount, the maximum loan amount and the loan time, which we calculate before executing lightning loan operations. Calculate and charge a certain percentage of the handling fee. Sandwich attack is an attack method that takes advantage of information asymmetry in decentralized exchanges. The attacker gains profits by inserting malicious transactions between two transactions, so as to make use of the price difference. Sandwich attack incident. The attacker earns money by inserting malicious transactions between two transactions that add liquidity and remove liquidity. How does the attacker implement sandwich attack? The attacker obtains it from multiple sources of funds. Huge lightning loans include decentralizing financial security to understand risks and reduce risks. Attackers decentralize financial security to understand risks and reduce risks by providing liquidity and obtaining tokens that are mine pools, that is, mine pools damaged in the attack. Attackers remove almost all liquidity from the pool and destroy tokens. At this time, the pool is almost completely cheaper than the sum. Decentralizing financial security to understand risks and reduce risks calls contract functions to continue adding flows to the mine pool. The quantity added by the main holdings of liquidity is the relative quantity that leads to the imbalance of the mine pool. The relative quantity is higher and the value is lower. Decentralized financial security understands the risk and reduces the risk. The attacker adds his holdings to the mine pool and enjoys the premium. This means obtaining a higher number of tokens to decentralize financial security, understanding the risk and reducing the risk. The attacker decentralizes financial security by destroying its tokens and extracting liquidity. Financial security understands risks and reduces risks. In this process, malicious trading refers to the transaction in which the attacker removes a large amount of liquidity from the mine pool and destroys tokens. This transaction makes the mine pool very unbalanced, and the relative amount is higher, which leads to its lower value. The other two transactions refer to the transactions in which the attacker adds liquidity and extracts liquidity. The attacker uses the price difference to add his own liquidity to the mine pool and extract it at a premium to obtain a higher amount. Token is an attacker who packages a malicious transaction with two other transactions through a sandwich attack, buys liquidity at a low price, and then sells it at a high price to obtain profits. When it comes to preventing sandwich attacks, the code implementation may involve complex intelligent contracts and transaction logic. The following is a simplified example showing how to prevent sandwich attacks, decentralize financial security, understand risks and reduce risks. In this example, we are fake. There is an intelligent contract for managing users' balances and trading operations. In order to prevent sandwich attacks, we have introduced two main defense mechanisms. First, only the owner of the contract can set it to so as to allow users to execute transactions, which can ensure that transactions are executed in the correct order and prevent attackers from inserting malicious transactions between two transactions. Secondly, we have introduced the concept of transaction delay in the function, so that users can execute transactions only after the current block time exceeds the set delay time, which can give other users enough time to execute transactions and update prices, thus reducing attackers. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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