EVM 的并行化有何意义？或是 EVM 霸权下的终局？

The author's source, the author's blog concept is being bet by several heads, and other representative projects are others, some are the specific differences of each team, and there is no complete public information yet. Although the literal meaning only represents parallelism, it is actually a special optimization of the performance of each component, so its efforts are likely to represent the performance limit and difficulty under the standard. In addition to reconstructing the whole technology stack, there are also how to predict in advance whether parallel transactions will conflict and the re-execution efficiency after the conflict. The challenge is how to find a balance between decentralization and performance in the construction of open source ecology. After the consensus algorithm data layer zero-knowledge proof technology has been widely studied and iterated, the next hard-core technology to be concerned is the capital market, and hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested in this narrative, and several unicorn-level start-up communities have begun to pay attention to the same keyword that parallelization originated from and happened to coincide, but there are not many details to discuss this topic at the end of the year. Many people think that this is not a new concept and parallel computing are relatively mature concepts respectively. Why is it an important trend to combine these two words? However, this is still a very small topic, so that if we look at the annual summary and trend forecast of many research institutions, it is still a new concept that has not formed a large-scale consensus, and this concept is similar to consensus algorithms and other topics, which are purely technical, so there are even fewer people concerned. The most direct advantage is that the existing decentralized applications can achieve Internet-level performance. It can even be said that it is the only new technology that can make use of a large number of mature existing smart contracts and achieve high-performance parallel public chain throughput. It has been waiting for a long time to enter the market, and it is reported that fortune is planning to lead the latest round of $100 million valuation to raise $100 million. Although this is the first concept of the planned investment team, they have actually paid attention to this technology for many years and mentioned it in. The origin of this word is also very interesting. In the philosophical system of philosopher Leibniz, it is the basic element of the universe. They are inseparable entities that are not affected by physics. Each of them reflects the whole universe. In Chinese, it has been translated into a list, but in computer science, it is a design pattern in functional programming languages. It helps programmers to deal with the complexity of the real world with almost mathematical purity, making the code more modular, easy to understand and maintain. Another interesting thing is that it is interactive. The morpheme refers to nomads, not digital vagrants. Besides discussing this topic, digital nomads also mentioned "and", but he is so optimistic. Another important reason is that they have developed an Ethereum client, which is positioned as a high-performance Ethereum client. The client is implemented in language at a very fast speed. Maybe they will consider implementing it directly on the internet, but considering the amount of research and development, it may be a better choice to promote it by investing in other teams. According to the documents, they are. The open source code mainly used in the project was accused by team members of copying it at the beginning of its launch, which also led to the lack of funds for the project to stop development. In response, it was said that the forked code of no other client did not come from any other client, but it was indeed influenced and inspired by and. Another core participant was the investor who had rich experience in high-frequency trading with the founder and had been deeply involved in the ecology, including infrastructure and projects, and the early investors had been shut down. Note: The related racetracks have invested in sharding technology and the public chain upgrade consensus algorithm is not enough. Finally, it is the turn of the executive layer. In the past few public chain wars, the executive layer has been neglected. They almost only talk about the innovation of consensus algorithm, whether it is or not. Although they have a lot of innovations in the executive layer, the community still remembers the consensus algorithm they use, and the whole community will think that these high-performance public chains can get these performances because of the innovation of consensus algorithm, but it is not. However, if you want to obtain a high-performance public chain consensus algorithm and the execution layer, it needs to be matched, which is also in line with the barrel short board effect. For those public chains that are based on and only improve the consensus algorithm, it needs stronger nodes. For example, referring to the limited level of block processing, the machine configuration required is several times that of all nodes in Ethereum, which can reach the usual level, and dozens to hundreds of archive nodes need at least cores and memory. Ethereum nodes only need at least cores and memory teams. Realizing these problems, we are also cooperating with each other to develop technology. Only in this way can we further increase the number of transactions that each block can handle, so that more transactions can be executed in parallel, and the upper limit can be raised. Parallelism is not only upgraded from single core to multi-core. In most blockchain systems, transactions are executed in full order. You can imagine it as a single core, and the next calculation can only be carried out after the current calculation is completed. Although this method is slow, its advantage is simplicity and low system complexity, but if the future blockchain system The number of users who need to access the Internet level is definitely not enough, so the parallel virtual machine upgraded to multi-core can handle multiple transactions at the same time to increase throughput. However, there are many challenges in engineering implementation, such as how to write data to the same smart contract for two transactions processed at the same time, and a new mechanism needs to be designed to solve this contradiction, while the parallel execution of other completely unrelated smart contracts can increase throughput according to the number of threads processed in parallel. Besides, it will not only improve the parallelism, but also optimize the execution efficiency of single thread. The real bottleneck is to read the write status frequently when dealing with things. He also said that parallel execution is only a part of the road map, and the greater mission is to make it as efficient as possible. Therefore, although the literal meaning only represents parallelism, it is actually a special optimization of the performance of each component, so its efforts probably represent that the performance limit under the standard does not mean that writing smart contracts is a necessary skill for most blockchain developers. Capable engineers can write the corresponding logic implementation in the high-level language of smart contracts according to business requirements, but the logic that can't be directly understood needs to be translated and compiled into a low-level language that can be understood by machines before the opcode bytecode can be executed by virtual machines, and the developers don't need to understand the translation process, because there are mature tools to realize it, after all, it will also generate some extra expenses, and engineers with experience in low-level code can directly write program logic with opcodes in order to achieve the highest efficiency, that is, users can save money when trading. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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