构建区块链应用程序过程中的关键考虑因素和步骤

【51CTO.com快译】本文举例说明了区块链技术为移动应用程序创造的价值、考虑采用的区块链平台，并概述了区块链应用开发过程中的关键考虑因素和步骤。

2011年至2021年全球区块链数字钱包用户的增长趋势

基于区块链的应用程序已经推出10多年的时间，目前全球有7000万基于区块链的数字钱包用户。根据调研机构Grand View Research公司的统计，2020年全球区块链的市场规模为36.7亿美元，到2028年将以82.4%的年增长率增长。移动应用程序和解决方案将在未来完全与区块链技术融合在一起。

The block-chain-based application has been in place for more than 10 years, and there are currently 70 million block-based digital wallet users worldwide. According to the research agency Grand View Research, the market size of the global block-chain was $3.67 billion in 2020, with an annual growth rate of 82.4% by 2028. Mobile applications and solutions will be fully integrated with block-chain technology in the future.

本文将解释区块链技术为移动应用程序创造的价值，将通过提供相关的应用程序示例、介绍领先的区块链开发平台以及区块链开发过程中的步骤来解释这一点。

This paper will explain the value that block chain technology creates for mobile applications, which will be explained by providing relevant application examples, presenting leading block chain development platforms and steps in the process of block chain development.

虽然区块链开发是从加密货币开始的，但并不局限于此。区块链技术的应用现在已经远远超越了加密货币，并渗透到许多行业领域。

While block chain development begins with, but is not limited to, encrypted currency. The application of block chain technology now goes well beyond encrypted currency and permeates many industry areas.

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众所周知，区块链技术的最大价值主张是确保最佳数据透明度和安全性，同时帮助组织节省大量传统安全措施所需的IT资源。

It is well known that the best value proposition of block chain technology is to ensure optimal data transparency and security while helping to save the IT resources needed for the organization of a large number of traditional security measures.

以下概述一下来自不同领域的一些行业领先的基于区块链的应用程序。

Some industry-led applications based on block chains from different fields are outlined below.

BurstIQ是基于区块链的医疗数据安全协作应用程序。

BurstIQ is a collaborative application for medical data security based on the block chain.

BurstIQ是一款由大数据区块链技术支持的医疗保健应用程序，允许患者和医生传输关键医疗数据并进行协作。除了根据医生的建议展示个性化的健康计划之外，基于智能合约的应用程序还规定了要共享的数据类型。

BurstIQ is a health-care application supported by a large data block chain that allows patients and doctors to transmit and collaborate on critical medical data. In addition to presenting individualized health plans based on doctor’s advice, the smart contract-based application specifies the type of data to be shared.

Filament将区块链的力量带入物联网。

Filament brings the power of the block chain into the object network.

Filament是基于区块链的物联网应用程序的一个很好例子，它通过使用区块链数据分类帐系统帮助管理由软件和微芯片硬件处理的数据。采用这个应用程序，多个物联网设备可以通过区块链共享信息并保持同步。

Filament is a good example of a block-chain-based object networking application that helps to manage data processed by software and microchip hardware through the use of the block chain data ledger system. With this application, multiple object-networking devices can share information through block chains and maintain synchronization.

PROPY是基于区块链技术的房地产市场应用程序。

PROOPY is a real estate market application based on block chain technology.

采用区块链技术的PROPY是一个去中心化数据库系统，实际上有助于去中心化房地产购买的产权登记整个过程。该应用程序允许即时发布财产所有权，同时允许通过加密货币支付。

The PROPY, which uses block chain technology, is a decentralised database system that actually helps to decentralize the entire property registration process for real estate purchases.

KYC-Chain是基于区块链的客户身份验证应用程序。

KYC-Chain is a customer identification application based on block chains.

实现了解客户KYC-Chain文档是许多组织的关键要求。这个简单而有效的基于区块链的应用程序简化了管理客户文档的整个过程，其中包括全球大多数国家和地区的行政和犯罪数据库中的数据库和个人记录。

Achieving knowledge of the customer KYC-Chain files is a key requirement for many organizations. This simple and effective block chain-based application streamlines the entire process of managing the client files, including databases and personal records in administrative and criminal databases in most countries and regions of the globe.

既然对区块链为众多利基应用程序创造的价值有了基本的了解，那么了解领先的区块链开发平台对人们来说很重要。目前已经有20多个这样的平台，以下对其中一些进行介绍。

Now that there is a basic understanding of the value that block chains create for many niche applications, it is important to know the leading block chain development platform. There are now more than 20 such platforms, some of which are described below.

• 以太坊(Ethereum)：以太坊是一个高度灵活的开源区块链平台，广泛用于去中心化应用程序、智能合约和首次代币发行(ICO)。
• EOS：EOS平台的主要价值在于构建强大的智能合约功能。它也是现代企业所需的高度可扩展和分散的存储和托管的首选。
• Multichain：通过这个强大的平台，开发人员能够构建和实施可供不同组织使用的私有区块链。
• Hyperledger：这是一个广受好评的先进区块链平台，用于物联网生态系统和供应链管理。

那么如何选择适合组织应用的区块链平台?这需要了解寻求的功能和用例。以下解释了不同区块链平台的一些关键功能和优势：

How then do you choose a block chain platform suitable for the application of the organization? This requires an understanding of the functions and examples sought. The following explains some of the key functions and advantages of the different block chain platforms:

• 选择平台类型：确定所需平台的性质是项目的关键。有基于加密货币的平台，也有基于智能合约的平台。
• 是否需要智能合约：用户还需要决定其应用程序是否需要智能合约或无需智能合约。
• 选择共识协议：现在区块链平台也因共识协议而有所不同。选择具有不同共识Rotiold的平台，例如权益证明、工作证明、经过时间证明等。
• 决定加密货币的选择：另一个考虑因素是用户决定是否需要集成加密货币。
• 在公共网络或专用网络之间选择：用户还可以根据其对公共网络或专用网络的偏好来选择平台。

现在，为了构建区块链应用程序，还需要确定编程语言用于区块链开发的编程语言的主要选择，其中包括Python、Java、C++、Go。

Now, in order to construct block chain applications, there is also a need to identify the main options for programming languages for block chain development, including Python, Java, C++, Go.

除了这些通用编程语言之外，还有两种特定于区块链开发的高级语言：Simplicity和Solidity。Simplicity在构建智能合约区块链应用程序开发方面广受欢迎，涉及对加密货币中使用的基本语言(如比特币脚本)进行增值。Solidity是另一种能够在EVM上运行的智能合约开发语言。

In addition to these common programming languages, there are two advanced languages that are specific to block-chain development: Simplicity and Solidity. Simplicity is widely popular in building smart contract block-chain applications that add value to the basic language used in encrypted currency (e.g. bitcoin scripts). Solidity is another language for intelligent contract development that can operate on EVM.

现在已经解释了区块链应用程序开发的各个方面，其中包括平台和技术堆栈，以下描述区块链应用程序开发过程中的5个关键阶段。

Various aspects of the development of block chain applications, including platforms and technical stacks, have been explained, and the following describes the five critical stages in the development of block chain applications.

开发人员首先需要创建一份详细说明，说明区块链应用程序需要解决的所有问题。还要分析是否需要创建从头开发的应用程序解决方案，或者可以将区块链整合到其现有的应用程序中。

The developers first need to create a detailed description of all the problems that block chain applications need to address.

开发人员还要为其应用项目选择区块链平台。无论是要构建智能合约应用程序还是加密交易应用程序，需要什么样的网络和共识协议，以及之前提到的其他考虑因素，这些都是决定性因素。

Developers also select blocks chain platforms for their applications. What kind of network and consensus agreements are needed to build smart contract applications and encrypted transactional applications, as well as other considerations mentioned earlier, are all determining factors.

既然对将要提供的问题的解决方案有了清晰的认识，那么需要详细了解区块链应用程序想法的需求分析和评估。为此开发人员需要集思广益，并考虑各种可能性来微调其理念。最后，确定项目的技术方案。

Now that there is a clear understanding of the solutions to the problems to be provided, there is a need for detailed needs analysis and assessment of the ideas for block chain applications. For this, developers need to pool their ideas and consider possibilities to fine-tune their ideas.

应用程序的原型是合法和有效的概念证明，它为整个应用程序概念提供了视觉结构。开发人员首先创建粗略的草图，然后是创建精巧的设计模型、每个设计元素的A/B测试以及详细的信息架构。

The prototype of the application is a valid and effective conceptual proof that it provides a visual structure for the whole concept of the application. The developers first create rough sketches, then create sophisticated design models, A/B tests for each element of design, and detailed information structures.

现在进入了开发阶段。建议选择敏捷开发方法，其重点是通过遵循最小可行产品(MVP)方法创建具有基本功能的基本应用程序。这确保构建一个健壮的区块链应用程序，专注于基本功能，并根据用户反馈通过未来的更新进行后续的增值。这种方法还可以在需要时轻松升级智能合约。

It is now in the development phase. It is proposed to choose agile development approach, with a focus on creating basic applications with basic functions by following the least feasible product (MVP) approach. This ensures that a robust block chain application is built, focused on basic functions, and followed up with future updates based on user feedback.

对于区块链移动应用程序开发，以上只是进行了概要的描述，包括需要关注的各方面。尽管区块链应用程序很受欢迎，但本质上在技术方面具有挑战性，因此需要在整个开发过程中注意一些步骤。

The above is a summary description of the development of block chain mobile applications, including the areas of concern. While the block chain applications are popular, they are technically challenging in nature, and some steps need to be taken throughout the development process.

原文标题：Building Blockchain Apps: Key Considerations and Steps in The Process，作者：Dhaval Sarvaiya

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