律师成功辩护一起涉及虚拟货币USDT的帮信罪案件

2020年10月，公安部发起了一场名为"断卡"的行动，旨在打击出售自己的银行卡、公司账户、支付宝、微信账户等行为，以防范信息网络犯罪。然而，一些涉足虚拟货币市场的商人和承兑商未曾料到，他们平稳地进行"虚拟货币比特币、USDT搬砖"也可能会面临风险。

In October 2020, the Ministry of Public Security launched an operation called "Card Break" aimed at combating the sale of its bank cards, company accounts, payment treasures, micro-credit accounts, etc., in order to prevent information cybercrime. However, a number of traders and tellers involved in the virtual currency market who did not expect it to happen could also be at risk for their smooth conduct of "virtual currency bitcoin, USDT brick move".

许多从事虚拟货币行业的商家对此感到困惑。为何他们的行为被认为触犯了刑法呢？答案在于部分商家在平台上用自己的银行账户接受客户的投资款项，并将其转换为USDT虚拟币进行买卖以获取差价时，接收到的资金很可能源自非法渠道。当这些非法资金数量巨大时，商家就会面临刑事责任。

Many businesses in the virtual money industry are confused about this. Why are their actions considered to be in violation of the criminal law? The answer is that some businesses use their own bank accounts on the platform to receive money from their clients and convert it into USDT virtual currency to buy and sell the difference.

最近，一名律师成功辩护了一个涉及"虚拟货币USDT搬砖"的商人所面临的帮信罪指控。以下是他在向公安机关和检察机关提交的《法律意见书》中的核心辩护意见：

Recently, a lawyer successfully defended a letter-of-association charge against a businessman with the "virtual currency USDT moving bricks".

一、被告人在合法合规的平台上的行为是合法的

被告人张磊于2020年8月经严格审查，在合法合规的网络平台火币网上实名注册成为一名商家。他的交易方式有两种：法定货币交易和虚拟货币交易。其中，他主要进行的虚拟货币交易为USDT。作为一个火币网的合法商家，他所有的虚拟货币交易都在火币网上在线进行，并且符合相关法律法规。

In August 2020, after a rigorous review, the accused was registered as a businessman under the real name of a legally compliant online platform, the gun price. His transactions were carried out in two ways: legal currency transactions and virtual currency transactions. Of these, he mainly carried out virtual currency transactions in the USDT.

二、被告人没有意识到他人正在利用信息网络实施犯罪

以下是六条具体的证据表明张磊并未意识到这一点：

The following six specific pieces of evidence show that Zhang was unaware of this:

张磊作为一名火币网的合法商家，所有的虚拟货币交易都在火币网上进行，并通过发布广告的方式进行买卖。这个过程完全符合法律规定以及火币网的要求。

Zhang Jian, a legitimate dealer of the network, conducts all virtual currency transactions on the network and sells them through advertising. This process is in full compliance with the law and the requirements of the network.

在交易之前，张磊进行了一系列谨慎的审核措施。1.他要求对方提供三天内的银行流水记录。如果没有银行流水记录或者交易笔数较少，他则不会与其进行交易。2.他会进行所谓的"试卡"，向对方汇款一元，并请对方重新发送银行流水记录。如果在这两次银行流水记录之间出现一笔或多笔交易，他将不再与其交易。

Before the transaction, Zhang Jian carried out a series of careful checks. 1. He asked the other person to provide a record of the bank's currents within three days. If there was no record of the bank's currents or a smaller number of transaction notes, he would not deal with them. 2. He would carry out a so-called "test card" and send one dollar to the other and ask the other to retransmit the bank's currents records.

张磊在火币网上并不认识任何交易对象，交易对象对他来说是随机的、不确定的，他并没有固定交易的对象。

Zhang has no knowledge of the subject of any transaction, which for him is random and uncertain, and he does not have a fixed target.

张磊在进行交易时，会根据USDT的市场行情做出判断后再进行交易，他在火币网上交易的USDT价格并没有明显低于或高于市场价格。

At the time that the transaction was carried out, Zhang would make a judgement based on the market conditions of the USDT, and the USDT price of his trade in the currency was not significantly lower or higher than the market price.

张磊没有任何与黑钱交易相关的动机或理由。1) 与黑钱交易会导致银行账户冻结，进而影响正常的交易；2) 与黑钱交易不会带来比合法交易更高的利润；3) 即使与黑钱交易，也不一定能盈利，因为判断错误同样可能导致亏损。

Zhang Jian has no motive or justification for dealing in black money. 1) Transactions with black money can cause bank accounts to be frozen, thereby affecting normal transactions; 2) dealing with black money does not bring higher profits than legitimate transactions; 3) trading with black money may not necessarily be profitable even if it is, because miscalculations can lead to losses as well.

就目前来看，火币网是一个合法合规的交易平台。在这个平台上，交易对象的真实姓名、性别、资金性质或来源都无法得知。因此，无论是黑钱还是白钱，张磊都无法明确分辨。他从别人那里学到了"流水加试卡"的方法来规避风险，这进一步证明他并没有意识到其他人在利用信息网络实施犯罪。

For the time being, the gunnet is a legally compliant trading platform, where the true name, sex, nature of the money or source of the transaction cannot be known. Thus, neither black nor white can Zhang be clearly distinguished. He learned from others how to avoid risk by taking a "flow-and-test-card" approach, which is further proof that he is not aware that others are using the information network to commit a crime.

4.负责审理此案的检察院接受了律师的辩护意见，在张磊被拘留后的第35天决定不起诉，并于当天释放了他。在此案中，辩护律师的专业知识对于保障当事人的合法权益起到了至关重要的作用。因此，如果有任何人因为涉及虚拟货币而被控告帮信罪，最好能及时聘请专业的刑事辩护律师来保护自己的权益。

4. The Public Prosecutor's Office in charge of the case accepted the counsel's defence, decided not to prosecute him on the 35th day of his detention and released him on the same day. In this case, the expertise of the defence lawyer was crucial to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the client. It would therefore be desirable to have a professional criminal defence lawyer in time to protect their rights and interests if anyone was charged with a crime involving virtual currency.

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