web3.0到底是什么？一文带你了解web3.0
编辑导语：近段时间，Web3.0引发了人们的广泛关注。Web3.0到底是什么呢?为什么要关注它呢？本篇文章中，作者分享了关注Web3.0的原因，Web1.0~Web3.0的发展，以及Web3.0和元宇宙的关系，感兴趣的小伙伴不妨来看看。
Edition guide: In recent times, Web3.0 has attracted a lot of attention. What exactly is Web3.0? Why focus on it? In this article, the authors share their concerns about Web3.0, the development of Web1.0~Web3.0, and the relationship between Web3.0 and the meta-cosm.
“最初的互联网，人们几乎只能在电脑上打字进行交流，后来有了带相机功能的手机，网络变得逐渐可视化。随着网络连接速度飞速发展，视频成了我们体验内容的主要管道。
“The initial Internet, where people can almost simply type on a computer, and then have a camera-enabled cell phone, becomes increasingly visible. As the speed of the network expands, video becomes the main conduit for the content of our experience.
我们的互联网体验从桌面进化到移动设备，从文字进化到图片再到现如今的视频，那，互联网的下一个世代是什么呢？”
Our Internet experience has evolved from desktop to mobile devices, from text to pictures to videos today, and what is the next generation of the Internet?"
上面这段话，是Facebook（现meta）CEO在2021年的connect大会演讲的部分内容，这次大会首次提出了元宇宙（metaverse）的概念 ，通过VR设备，用户可以沉浸在一个完全虚拟的互联网世界，带来智能手机或电脑无法比拟的临场感。
The above is part of the Facebook (now Meta) CEO speech at the 2021 Connect Congress, which first introduced the concept of metaverse, which allows users to immerse themselves in a completely virtual Internet world with a sense of immeasurability of smartphones or computers.
无论互联网给我们的生活带来了多大的便利，但是现如今的互联网依然是依靠在互联网巨头企业搭建的中心化平台之上。
No matter how convenient the Internet is for our lives, the Internet today is still built on a central platform built by big Internet companies.
平台之间形成了一个个信息孤岛，而且所有的免费或付费服务，都在无形中攫取了用户海量的数据。
There is an information silo between the platforms, and all free or fee-paying services capture large amounts of user data in intangible terms.
而web3带来的去中心化的互联网模式，既可以打破中心化带来的信息屏障，也能从根本上消灭各种被动的数据泄露。
The decentralized Internet model brought about by Web3 can both break down the information barrier created by centralization and eliminate all passive data leaks.
前言中我们大概阐述了一下互联网发展到如今所经历的各种形态，伯纳斯-李博士在欧洲核子研究中心工作时摸鱼写出世界上第一个网页浏览器，web1.0互联网萌芽初绽。
In the foreword, we outlined the forms that the Internet has evolved into today, and Dr. Bernards-Lee, while working at the European Centre for Nuclear Research, wrote the world's first web browser, Web1.0, the dawning of the Internet.
短短十几年时间，我们所熟悉的各种门户网站应运而生，国外的雅虎、谷歌，国内的新浪、网易、搜狐等等网站成了当时上网获取信息绕不开的节点。
In just over a decade, the various portals that we are familiar with have been created, and the websites Yahoos, Googles, new waves in the country, Internet access, fox searches, etc., have become nodes to be bypassed by the information available online at that time.
时至今日，它们中的大部分依然存在于互联网上，但却成了活化石一般的存在，谁说互联网没有记忆？
To date, most of them still exist on the Internet, but they are living fossils. Who says that the Internet has no memory?
彼时，人们对在互联网上可以看到海量的信息兴奋不已。
At the same time, people are excited about the amount of information that can be seen on the Internet.
与传统需要订阅的报纸期刊不同，只需点点鼠标，跳转几个网页，就能轻易的得到自己想要的信息。
Unlike newspapers and periodicals that traditionally have to be subscribed to, you can easily get the information you want by clicking on the mouse and skipping several pages.
时间并没有被互联网占据，人们只是被动地接收信息。
time is not occupied by the Internet, and people simply receive information passively.
越来越多的人涌入互联网世界，越来越多的人接收到了同等海量的信息，人们开始在线下谈论互联网看到的新闻、书籍、音乐……
More and more people are pouring into the Internet, more and more people are receiving equal amounts of information, and people are starting to talk online about the news, books, music #8230; #8230; #8230;
其中一些聪明的大脑在思考：在网上看到的信息，为什么不能直接在网上讨论呢？天涯、豆瓣、猫扑、贴吧诞生了。
Some of these smart brains are thinking: why can't information that you see online be discussed directly online? The sky, the bean pets, the cat pings, the bar was born.
于是，用户们借助平台，人人都可以发表自己的想法。
As a result, users use the platform to make their own ideas available to everyone.
所有人都可以看到，可以回复，似乎满足了我们能想象到的一切需求，大家都认为这会是互联网的终点了。
Everyone can see, respond, seem to meet all the needs we can imagine, and everyone thinks it's the end of the Internet.
2007年，苹果正式推出了第一代iPhone。
In 2007, Apple officially launched the first generation of iPhone.
后来的故事大家再熟悉不过了，android、iOS平分移动互联网的天下，互联网渗透率指数级上升。
Later stories can no longer be more familiar with the exponential rise in Internet penetration between androids and iOS in a world where mobile Internet is divided equally.
用户不再满足于仅仅在互联网上进行枯燥的图文沟通交流，视频、直播等高流量负载的应用开始占据人们的心智。
Users are no longer content with boring graphic communication on the Internet alone, and high-flow load applications, such as video and live broadcasts, are beginning to take over people's minds.
所有人都在拍摄上传视频，所有人都在直播自己的生活，所有人都有爆款的15分钟……
Everyone's filming and uploading videos, everybody's live, everybody's got 15 minutes of cash...
在繁荣之下，有人逐渐意识到，我们所创作的内容的所有权归属，似乎被提供平台的一些科技巨头通过条款声明拿走了。
In the midst of prosperity, there is a growing realization that ownership of what we create seems to have been taken away by some of the scientific giants that provide the platform through a clause declaration.
大多数情况下，我们对自己的数据只拥有使用权，而平台却对我们的数据拥有所有权。
In most cases, we only have access to our own data, while the Platform has ownership of our data.
跨平台之前的交互和信息交换也被逐步筑起的信息屏障隔开，搜索引擎无法抓取到各个平台的信息，平台之间逐步形成了一个个信息孤岛。
The interface and exchange of information prior to the cross-platform is also progressively separated from the information barrier, the search engine is unable to capture the information from the various platforms, and an information island is gradually formed between the platforms.
所有的数据都在平台的服务器中，所以我们经常能看到服务器被攻击导致数据泄露的新闻，那有没有一种技术或方式能够避免这种中心化的风险？
All the data are on the platform's servers, so we often see news about the data leaks as a result of the attack on the server. Is there any technology or way to avoid the risk of such centralization?
笼统的来说，web1.0是用户从互联网读到信息，web2.0用户可以在互联网读信息、发表信息，但是对这些信息没有所有权。
Broadly speaking, web1.0 is a user's access to information from the Internet, and web 2.0 users can read and publish information on the Internet, but have no ownership of such information.
对创作者来说，用户在web2.0的互联网中创作的内容是受到多方面限制的，例如平台的二选一条款、屡次上新闻的30%平台税、算法恶意降权等等，反而扼杀了创作者的创新欲望。
For creators, content created by users on the web 2.0 Internet is subject to multiple limitations, such as the platform's two-way clause, the 30 per cent platform tax on repeated news, the malign reduction of arithmetical rights, etc., which stifles the creator's desire for innovation.
2008年的11月1日，一个化名叫中本聪的人发表了一篇9页的论文《比特币：一种点对点的电子现金系统》。
On 1 November 2008, a nine-page paper, Bitcoin: an electronic cash system for point-to-points, was published by a person named Ben-Hear-in-Centre.
他在论文中提出了一种去中心化的电子记账系统，使用广播交易记录加上特殊的加密方式可以把交易记录存储在所有的节点上，不需要经过中心服务器进行记录。
In his paper, he proposed a decentralised electronic record-keeping system, whereby records of transactions could be stored on all nodes with special encryption, without having to be recorded via a central server.
随着对比特币的深入研究发现，这种去中心化和区块链加密的思路不仅仅可以用作于金融领域，还可以将区块链的加密协议和去中心化的思路运用在互联网领域。
, with the in-depth study of Bitcoin, found that this idea of decentralisation and block chain encryption could be used not only in the financial sphere, but also in the Internet.
用户之前可以不需要中心化的服务器直接进行交互，同时通过加密协议的方式确保了自己的数据不会有泄露的风险。
Users can interact directly without the need for a centralized server, while at the same time ensuring through encryption protocols that there is no risk of disclosure of their data.
想要理解web3，就必须了解去中心化、区块链和代币（token）的概念。
For usb3 to be understood, the concepts of decentralisation, block chains and token must be understood.
web3沿用了区块链去中心化的概念，用户通过代币来创作和消费内容，同时可以获得自己创作内容的所有权。
Web3 follows the concept of block chain decentralisation, whereby users create and consume content through tokens, while at the same time being able to acquire ownership of the content of their own creation.
web3建立在点对点的计算机网络基础设施上，不需要通过中心化的巨型服务器进行分发。
Web3 is based on a point-to-point computer network infrastructure and does not need to be distributed through a centralized giant server.
在传统的web2.0，我们下载打开一个app，往往第一个操作就是登录注册，同意一些看都不会看一眼的用户隐私协议。
In the traditional web 2.0, we download and open an app, often the first operation is to register and agree to some user privacy agreements that do not even look at them.
我们在app上产生的个人数据逐渐被收集，它们可能会在我们不知情的情况下贩卖到其他厂商，我们的数据并不属于我们。
The personal data that we generate on the app is gradually being collected, and they may be trafficked to other manufacturers without our knowledge, and our data is not ours.
web3基于区块链加密的技术加上完全去中心化的存储方式能够允许用户对自己的数据有完全的所有权，用户可以决定数据是否开放给其他机构使用。
Web3 technologies based on block chain encryption, coupled with completely decentralised storage, allow users to have full ownership of their data, and users can determine whether the data is open to use by other agencies.
而数据通过区块链的形式存储在所有的节点中，不会发生服务器宕机数据丢失或被窃取的情况。
The data are stored in the form of block chains in all nodes and there will be no loss or theft of server kernel data.
对于大多数非计算机出身的人来说，区块链这个概念是非常难以理解的。
For most people of non-computer origin, the concept of block chains is very difficult to understand.
以转账举例：如果我用某个支付app向a转账100元，那么支付ap需要检查我的余额是否有100元，转账后我的账户还剩多少钱。
To give an example of a transfer: if I transfer $100 from a payment app to a, then the payment ap needs to check if my balance is $100 and how much remains of my account after the transfer.
这些交易信息都需要支付app进行记录，所有的交易都需要一个交易中心。
These transactions require payment applications to record them, and all transactions require a trading centre.
区块链的世界中，是没有交易中心的概念的。
In the world of block chains, there is no concept of a trading centre.
任何人都可以记录，但是为什么要浪费自己的资源记录跟自己无关的东西呢？
Anyone can record it, but why waste their resources to record things that have nothing to do with themselves?
答案是记账的奖励机制，所有人记账都可以收到手续费的奖励，相较于中心化的交易手续费是一个很低的数字
The answer is an incentive for bookkeeping, where all people receive a fee, which is a very low figure compared to the centralised transaction fee.
在web3中，交易的前提是拥有一个虚拟钱包。
In web3, the deal was made conditional on the possession of a virtual wallet.
与传统的银行账户不同，虚拟钱包没有中心化的交易记录，而是通过无数个节点来进行记录。
Unlike traditional bank accounts, virtual wallets do not have centralized transaction records but are recorded through numerous nodes.
虚拟钱包分为三种类别：
Virtual wallets are divided into three categories:
- 在交易所开通的账户钱包，和传统的账户类似，都需要一个中心化的机构运行；
- 第二类是冷钱包，需要一个特定的硬件装置才可以运行， 类似网银的u盾；
- 第三类就是一个单纯的app（metamask），只需要通过密钥就可以进行交易。
如果我向a转账100元（当然，货币必须换为等值的虚拟币），同时广播告诉了网络上的所有人，这个网络上的所有人进行交易时的记录都会广播。
If I transfer $100 to a (and, of course, the currency has to be exchanged for a virtual currency of equal value) and the broadcast tells everyone on the network that the records of all transactions made by everyone on the network will be broadcast.
假设在一段时间内收集到了一千条交易记录，那么将这一千条交易记录封装为一个块，这个块就是区块链的其中之一。
Assuming that a thousand transaction records are collected over a period of time, the 1,000 transaction records are sealed into one block, which is one of the blocks in the chain.
把封装的这一块链接到上一个交易记录的块，如此延伸，就形成了一个区块链。
This envelope is linked to a block of the previous transaction record, so as to extend it into a chain of blocks.
谁来负责封装交易记录呢？在区块链的逻辑中，只能有一个人进行打包封装，而且封装完成后会有相应的奖励，如何判断谁是最终有权限封装的人。
Who is responsible for sealing the record of the transaction? In the logic of the block chain, only one person can pack it, and when it is done, there will be an incentive to decide who is ultimately entitled to seal it.
简单来说，就需要通过计算机计算一道数学题。
In short, a mathematical question needs to be calculated by computer.
谁最先计算出最终答案，那么封装的权利就归属于谁，这个计算的过程，就是大家理解的挖矿。
Whoever calculates the final answer first, then the right to encapsulate belongs to whom, and the process of calculating it is the mining that you understand.
以游戏举例：同质化代币可以理解为我们充值的点券，非同质化代币可以理解为我们购买的皮肤、装备等等道具。
To give an example of a game: homogenous tokens can be understood as coupons for us to charge, non-homogenous tokens can be understood as instruments such as skin, equipment, etc. for us.
代币只会存在于区块链上，也就是说，用户的所有互联网资产，是以区块链的形式存在于互联网之上的。
The token only exists on the block chain, that is, all the Internet assets of the user are present on the Internet in the form of a block chain.
NFT的全称是Non Fungible Token：非同质化代币，也是区块链的一种形式。
NFT is fully known as Non Fungible Token: a non-homogenous token and a form of block chain.
虽然去年在互联网上的确刮起了一阵狂风，但是大多人的第一印象还是一个丑丑的猩猩形象。
Although it was true that there had been a storm on the Internet last year, most people had the first impression of an ugly ape.
早在2017年，两个开发者开发制作了世界上第一个NFT项目—CryptoPunks，将一万多个随机生成的像素头像放到了以太坊的区块链上，开创性的将加密的虚拟资产带入了加密货币的领域。
As early as 2017, two developers developed the world's first NFT project, CryptoPunks, which placed more than 10,000 randomly generated pixel heads on the Etheria block chain and pioneered the introduction of encrypted virtual assets into the area of encrypted currency.
由此开始，OpenSea、Nifty Gateway等交易市场开始迅速崛起，艺术家、明星纷纷通过各种平台发布自己的NFT，NFT逐渐从小众化的领域慢慢出现在大众视野。
Starting with the rapid rise of trading markets such as OpenSea and Nifty Gateway, artists and stars have published their own NFTs through various platforms, and NFTs have gradually emerged from a less popular field of view.
如何简单的理解什么是NFT？我们依然以一个举例阐述：我和小a都有一个篮球，正常情况来说，我想和小a交换篮球应该没有任何门槛，因为价值是一模一样的。
How can we simply understand what is NFT? We continue to state with one example: I have a basketball for Xiaoa and, normally, I think there should be no threshold for Xiaoa to trade for basketball, because the value is exactly the same.
但是如果小a的篮球是科比最后一场球赛使用的呢？那篮球本身就是一个独一无二的物品，小a的篮球就可以认为是一个NFT。
But what if Littlea's basketball was used in Corby's last game? That basketball is a unique object in itself, and Littlea's basketball can be considered an NFT.
看起来一模一样的物品，但是价值却天差地别。
It looks exactly the same, but it's worth a lot different.
我们把这个逻辑转移到数字艺术品上，数字艺术品看似是可以无限复制的，就算买来也没有任何价值。
We turn this logic to digital art, which seems to be immeasurable and of no value even if bought.
但是因为唯一的交易记录以token的方式上传到了区块链，所以这条记录在下次交易前是不可能更改的。
However, since the only transaction record was uploaded into the block chain totoken, the record could not be changed before the next transaction.
就算所有人都可以下载、复制，但是唯一的所有权依然是买到藏品的人。
Even if all people can download and copy, the sole ownership remains the person who buys the collection.
目前的NFT大致可以分为两个不同的类别：
The current NFT can be broadly divided into two different categories:
- 数字艺术品：就是大众最熟知的包括无聊猿、彩虹猫之类的图片或视频形式的NFT；
- 游戏/虚拟资产：游戏资产强调用途，如区块链游戏中的虚拟道具，购买后可以实际运用到游戏当中。当然在虚拟世界中，土地也是可以和现实世界一样拍卖的，如林俊杰在Decentrland花费13万美元购买了三个地块。
除此之外，在web3的世界中，NFT并不仅仅是一种数字收藏那么简单。
Besides, in the web3 world, NFT is not just a digital collection.
目前已经有了更为广泛的应用空间：举个不恰当的例子，想象一下，在web2中，所有互联网厂商都利用用户的隐私数据做智能推荐算法。
There is now more extensive application space: to give an inappropriate example, imagine that in web2, all Internet manufacturers use user privacy data as smart recommended algorithms.
如果我们将自己的隐私数据铸造为NFT，卖给互联网厂商，完善他们的推荐算法。
If we cast our privacy data into NFT and sell it to Internet manufacturers to refine their recommended algorithms.
他们每一次利用你的数据，你都会收到一定数额的资金，而不是现如今无所顾忌的免费利用你的数据。
Every time they use your data, you receive a certain amount of money instead of using your data now free of charge and without any concern.
总之，NFT的不可更改性和唯一性会带给未来不同产业无穷的想象力，而不仅仅局限在艺术品甚至是互联网中。
In any event, the immutable and unique nature of NFTs will bring in endless imaginations of different industries in the future, rather than being confined to art and even to the Internet.
对于创作者来说，传统的作品交易是一种买定离手的形态，交易完成后，作品从此不会对创作者产生任何后续收益。
For creators, the traditional trade in works is a form of buy-out, and once the deal is completed, the work will never produce any subsequent benefit for creators.
但是NFT利用智能合约的方式，创作者可以收到作品所有交易的版税收益，这让全职的NFT创作者成为了可能
But NFT uses smart contracts that allow creators to receive royalties from all the transactions in the work, which make it possible for full-time NFT creators.
NFT除了利用到区块链的技术之外，智能合约也是NFT和web3不可或缺的技术概念。
In addition to the technology that draws on the block chain, smart contracts are an indispensable technical concept for NFT and Web3.
NFT发布者通过交易平台发布自己的NFT作品，平台生成一份基于区块链的智能合约，有区别于传统的合同交易方式。
NFT publishers publish their NFT works through a trading platform that generates an intelligent contract based on the block chain, distinct from the traditional form of contract trading.
智能合约会将合约内容广播到所有节点，所有的节点都会对合约进行记录。
Smart contracts broadcast their content to all nodes, and all nodes record contracts.
所以合约内容是不可以被篡改的，而且一旦满足合约条件时，将会不可逆转的执行下去。
The content of the contract is therefore not subject to manipulation and will be carried out irreversibly once the terms of the contract have been fulfilled.
想象一下，作为一个设计师，把自己的设计作品铸造为NFT，并通过智能合约的方式卖给用户a，用户a转卖给用户b。
Imagine, as a designer, casting their designs into NFT and selling them to users by means of smart contracts, a sublet to users.
作为最初的卖家，每次每一次的交易都可以让自己收到相应的版权收益。
As the initial seller, each transaction allows itself to receive the corresponding copyright proceeds.
而在现实世界中，这几乎是不可能的事情。
In the real world, this is almost impossible.
就算有规定每次交易的版权收益，买方也可以通过一系列的私下交易违背合约。
The buyer may breach the contract through a series of private transactions, even if there is provision for copyright proceeds for each transaction.
但是通过智能合约的逻辑，一种全新的、没有后顾之忧的创作者模式将会越来越壮大。
But through the logic of smart contracts, a brand-new model of creators, free of worries, will grow stronger.
DAO(Decentralized Autonomous Organization）转换为中文就是去中心化的自治组织。
The conversion of the DAO (Decisionralized Autonomous Organization) to Chinese is a decentralised self-governing organization.
DAO的基本特性是通过智能合约运行的，在满足条件后就会不可逆的执行。
The basic features of DAO are operated through smart contracts, which are carried out irreversibly when conditions are met.
传统的企业组织是自上而下的，由高层发号施令，决定战略方向。
Traditional business organizations are top-down, with high-level orders to determine strategic direction.
DAO通过它的NFT持有者或代币持有者来决定方向，这样大大缩短了决策到消费的距离，通过代币持有者的投票也缩短了决策到执行到距离，提升组织效率。
DAOs determine direction through their NFT holders or token holders, thus significantly reducing the distance between decision-making and consumption, and between decision-making and implementation and organizational efficiency through the votes of token holders.
顾名思义，就是在去中心化的区块链上搭建的app，它通过智能合约预先设定好的逻辑来运行。
By definition, the app is built on a decentralised block chain, which runs through a predefined logic of an intelligent contract.
这是与传统的app需要一个中心化的服务器不同之一，传统app如果遇到服务器发生事故或停机，那与用户的一切连接都会被中断。
This is one of the differences with the traditional app, which requires a centralized server, where all connections to the user are interrupted in the event of an accident or shutdown of the server.
dapp由于其广泛分布在区块链上，所以基本不存在有停机的状态。
Due to its extensive distribution on the block chain, dapp has virtually no deactivated status.
由于使用了与加密货币一样的技术，数据存储在区块链上并经过加密，数据没有办法进行篡改和伪造。
Due to the use of the same technology as encrypted currency, data are stored on block chains and encrypted, and there is no means of tampering with and forgery of data.
而且用户在各个app之间切换时无需重复注册，彻底打破传统app之间的信息孤岛。
Moreover, users do not need to repeat registration when switching between apps and completely break the information islands between traditional apps.
总的来说，web3通过区块链技术，让用户对自己的数据有了真正的自主权。
In general, web3 gives users real ownership of their data through block chain technology.
用户在互联网上的数据不再是互联网巨头算法的免费养料，同时所衍生的技术也给未来带来了无穷的想象力。
User data on the Internet are no longer a free nutrient for Internet giant algorithms, and the resulting technology has created an inexhaustible imagination for the future.
但是正如现在，大众对web3还处于一无所知的状态，所以去中心化的网络依然进展缓慢。
However, as the general public is still in a state of ignorance of the Web3, decentralised networks are still slow to move forward.
因为每一次的交易都需要通过矿工进行打包，而且与传统的app不同，可能需要用户学习额外的操作步骤和虚拟钱包之类的软件，这也会是一个非常大的门槛。
Since each transaction requires packing by miners, and unlike traditional apps, users may need to learn software such as additional operating steps and virtual wallets, which would also be a very large threshold.
Metaverse的概念出自美国作家Neal Stephenson 1992年出版的科幻小说《雪崩》。
The concept of Metaverse is derived from the science fiction novel Avalanche, published by the American writer Neal Stephenson in 1992.
书中描绘了一个只需要带上VR眼镜，就能进入一个完全虚拟的世界。
The book depicts a world that is completely virtual with only VR glasses.
虽然是完全虚拟的数字空间，但是沉浸式的体验足以以假乱真，人们可以在里面正常的社交、工作甚至是买卖交易。
Although it is a completely virtual digital space, the immersion experience is sufficient to confuse reality, where people can normally socialize, work or even trade.
2021年初，游戏公司roblox以400亿美元的估值上市，在其招股书中频繁的提到metaverse这个概念， 又一次将元宇宙带入人们的视野。
At the beginning of 2021, the game company Roblox was on the market with a $40 billion valuation, and the concept of metaverse was frequently mentioned in its offer book, bringing the meta-cosmos into people's eyes again.
到了21年的10月，Facebook在connect大会中宣布改名meta，同时宣布all in元宇宙。
By October of 21 years, Facebook announced a change of name for Meta at the connect congress, while declaring the all in dollar universe.
作为万亿市值的巨头，他彻底引爆了元宇宙的概念。
As a giant in the trillion-dollar market, he totally detonated the concept of the meta-cosmos.
在Facebook元宇宙愿景中，现实中的大部分生活、工作场景都可以转移到虚拟世界。
In the vision of the Facebook dollar universe, most life and work scenes in reality can be transferred to the virtual world.
但是这个虚拟的元宇宙世界，一定要像电影头号玩家中描述的那样，是一个需要一个巨型公司来控制的世界吗？
But must this virtual meta-cosmos world be a world that needs a giant company to control, as the movie number one plays at home describes?
如果在这种虚拟世界中，你的所有资产可以顷刻间被抹除，没有人希望自己的虚拟世界是由别人控制的。
If, in this virtual world, all your assets can be wiped out overnight, no one wants their virtual world to be controlled by others.
所以，元宇宙一定是一个去中心化的虚拟世界，而web3所带来的去中心化的区块链技术和加密技术，天然的适合作为元宇宙的基础设施。
So the meta-cosm must be a decentralised virtual world, while the decentralised block chain technology and encryption technology brought by Web3 are naturally suitable infrastructure for the meta-cosm.
web3所带来的加密和去中心化的技术，用户不再像如今这种在不同的平台注册不同的账号。
The encryption and decentralisation technology brought about by web3 no longer allows users to register different accounts on different platforms as they do today.
而是在互联网中创建一个通用的数字身份，利用区块链的技术加密分布存储，把自己的数据完全的掌握在自己手中，可以明确的规定用户对信息的所有权。
Rather, creating a generic digital identity on the Internet, using the technical encryption distribution of block chains to store their data in their own hands, can clearly define user ownership of the information.
对于虚拟世界的资产来说，在web2.0世代，虚拟资产只不过是服务器中的代码而已，用户对资产本身只有使用权而没有所有权。
For assets in the virtual world, in the Web 2.0 generation, virtual assets are just code in the server, with users having access to the assets themselves without ownership.
web3.0的区块链分布存储可以将数据存储在所有的节点中，意味着数据不经允许是不可篡改的。
The block chain distribution storage of web3.0 allows data to be stored in all nodes, meaning that data cannot be altered without permission.
再加上NFT的概念确保了虚拟资产的唯一归属权的问题，让元宇宙的虚拟经济可以完全跑通。
Together with the NFT concept, the issue of the sole ownership of virtual assets has been ensured, allowing the virtual economy of the Woncosmos to run completely.
遗憾的是，在Connect大会中，Facebook给我们看到的元宇宙场景，无需通过VR头显设备，只需一幅普通的眼镜就可以开启我们日常生活的工作软件、游戏app、学习等等实在太过遥远。
Unfortunately, at the Connect conference, Facebook showed us a meta-cosm scene that is far too far away without VR head displays and just one normal pair of glasses to open up our daily work software, game apps, learning, and so on.
反而是web3让我们看到了未来的互联网的一丝曙光，它提出的去中心化概念将消除web2.0时期数据权限、互联网垄断等等问题。
Instead, web3 showed us a glimpse of the future of the Internet, and its concept of decentralisation would remove issues such as web 2.0 data rights, Internet monopolies, and so on.
所以web3.0真正普及的一天，也会是想象中的元宇宙到来的一天。
so the day that web3.0 is truly universal will also be the day that the imaginary meta-cosmos arrives.
元宇宙在未来一定会从概念变为我们的日常生活，然而目前我们仍然面临一系列的问题。
The Yuan cosmos will certainly change from concept to everyday life in the future, yet we still face a series of problems.
区块链技术带来的web3.0作为元宇宙底层的基础设施，虽然解决了中心化的部分弊端，但是诸如算力消耗过大的问题、51%算力攻击的问题，包括2016年被黑客攻击的The DAO事件，都证明了web3的技术距离成熟依然有很长的路要走。
Web3.0 from block chain technology, as the infrastructure at the bottom of the meta-cosm, while addressing some of the ills of centralization, issues such as overcalculation, 51 per cent arithmetic attacks, including The DAO, which was hacked into in 2016, demonstrate that web3 still has a long way to go before it matures.
参考链接
Reference Links
https://www.alexdphan.com/research/library-of-web3
https://www.8btc.com/media/6708909
https://www.8btc.com/article/6692458
https://www.8btc.com/article/6695252
https://ethereum.org/us/
https://www.chaincatcher.com/
部分图片来源于网络，如有侵权请联系作者删除
Some pictures are from the Internet. Please contact the author for deletion if there is a violation.
本文由郝小七指导http://www.woshipm.com/u/917803
This paper is directed by Hao Xiaoqian http://www.woshipm.com/u/917803
本文由@汉堡怪兽 原创发布于人人都是产品经理。未经许可，禁止转载。
This paper was originally published by @Hamburg Beast and everyone is a product manager.
题图来自Pexel，基于CC0协议。
The map is from Pexel and is based on the CC0 agreement.
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